绝世剑神

张晓玲 90966万字 88406人读过连载

临出发前2天，零红蝶独自前往温宿破城子煤矿探了一趟路，回来后做出了反穿夏特古道的决定。当向日葵色板官方一行18人在乌鲁木齐南郊客运站乘坐开往阿克苏的大巴时，他还用炫耀的口气得意洋洋地说：向日葵色板官方要从南疆走到北疆！从荒漠走到美丽的草原！越走越美！牛人就是牛人！当我们经过一夜加半个上午的长途颠簸，终于站在托木尔峰缓冲带博孜墩边境管理区等候边检登记检查时，才突然想起从乌鲁木齐随车携带的气罐落在了客车上！此时向日葵色板官方与营运客车的距离已经近百公里。一阵忙乱联络安排，待再上路时，已经比预计的时间晚了约3个小时。至旧金矿破房子后，下车、分装气罐、整理背包，开始徒步上路。于漫天浮尘中约行进6、7公里，天色渐晚，择地扎营。曾经看过王铁男先生的《魂断夏特古道》，痛失好友的泣血经历使人对夏特充满恐惧，但是神秘的冰川又总是让人欲罢不能。关于夏特古道：夏特，清称沙图阿满台，位于昭苏西南部的汗腾格里山下，是伊犁至阿克苏的交通驿站。夏特古道北起伊犁昭苏夏塔牧场，南至阿克苏温宿破城子，沟通天山南北，全长120公里，是丝绸之路上最为险峻的一条沟通南北疆的著名古隘道。夏特古道承载着太多太厚重的历史，有过太多太炫目的辉煌。2000年前秦汉的和亲公主从这里远托异国；1300年前唐玄奘从这里翻越3500米的哈达木孜达坂，到达天山南麓的龟兹佛国。上个世纪初期，芬兰的探险家马达汉，由阿克苏出发经夏特古道回国，1944年～1946年他担任了芬兰共和国总统。不知在成为总统后，马达汉是否曾经在梦里重走夏特··· 夏特，木扎尔特冰川携带着万古的悠远，散发着神秘的光芒。能在无边苍穹下的冰川上安身，绝对是上帝的独特恩宠。反穿夏特古道，向日葵色板官方将从破城子进山，夏塔牧场出山，从荒漠走向丰美的草原。被遗弃是荒凉的。但是，荒凉，有时也是一种美；静默无言，或许是生命的另一种倾诉。每次长线重装的过程，恰如一次脱胎换骨。凤凰涅槃，浴火重生，须得一段痛苦煎熬！这，也是一种生命的倾诉！次日晨9点准时拔营。行前晨会，领队告诉我们当日需要行进20公里，主要沿木扎尔特河主流，一路朔北而上。因为头天的延误，今天一开始的步伐很赶。沙尘天气让行走很不舒服，每个人都不得不捂着。在隐约看到同行的另外的队伍背影后，零红蝶骄傲地吼着“向日葵色板官方要追上他们了，向日葵色板官方要超过他们.......” 向日葵色板官方的队伍比较整齐，强驴辈出，相形之下我只能算是弱者，果然不久就见了分晓。渐渐地，我的背负感到了沉重。在一次次爬坡之后，一种不好的感觉逐渐笼罩：先是眼睛发花看不清路，接着腿脚也开始有些不听使唤地乱拧起来，我落在了后面。调整、调整，我嘱咐着自己，但是却没有多大改观。我坚持着大口呼吸调整着，竭力不让自己拉得太远。就在这时，心脏的紧刺感袭来，疼痛、呕吐感、呼吸急促，以及眼前发黑同时出现了...... 我出状况了！从未有过的恐惧和绝望...... 停下，咽下水和急备药丸，我继续调整着，瘫软却逐渐弥漫到了全身。我坚持着靠近了收队夏天，告诉他：我恐怕走不出去了。夏天扶我斜靠在一处土坡上，喝水、喘息、调整，状况有所减轻。领队派来了不离不弃，背走了我的大包，前队也在高坡上倒伏的铁架处休息等着我。不能拖累队伍的决心让我在稍微缓解后要求继续前行，但是只走了百余米后，一阵恍惚，依稀望见夏天在我前面右侧，伸出手去抓住了他的胳膊，身体便滑落倒下去了...... 似乎就像睡了一觉，再醒来时看见我的周围：双鱼、三儿、好人、夏天等都在，当然，还有领队零红蝶！零红蝶告诉了我他们的决定：让不离不弃陪着我下撤。泪水、鼻涕，伴着发自心底的绝望不可收拾！难受的感觉，颤抖的身体，这样的干滩上如何下撤？对陪我下撤的人来说，风险岂不更大？自己做了长时间的准备，只为冰川之旅，下撤？？？泪奔中我拼命调整自己，告诉他们我能行，我能调整过来的！好像还流着泪请领队帮我实现自己的愿望，请求在前队休息的地方路餐休息后看状态再决定撤还是不撤...... 最后的结果是，在双鱼和三儿两人一左一右的架扶下，在夏天随后几步一歇的节奏控制下，我就像太后出巡一般地，一步步爬上了高坡，站在了山顶的铁架旁。休息、调整、慢行，我的状态逐渐在恢复...... 似这样熬到晚上8点左右，终于到了冰川下面的营地，骤雨来袭。不离不弃已经提前为向日葵色板官方扎好了帐篷，还送来了烧好的热牛奶。放倒在帐中，昏昏沉沉地睡去，我需要好好歇歇，备战明天更难更严峻的翻越达坂。今天，没有后撤就是最大的成功！ 3日早晨拔营后，一直处于万劫不复的冰川延伸带的爬升中。为了照顾我，之前领队安排好人背走了我的相机，飞翔、三儿、牧民大哥、双鱼等分走了我包中的食物。在夏天、好人、双鱼、不弃和三儿等协作的先后分别陪伴护佑下，我踏上了翻越冰川达坂之路。从上路开始便一直不停地走，告诫自己绝不能停，不能拖累大家...... 因为地质运动及气候等原因，夏特冰川在以令人惊异的速度退去。碎石、泥雪、石粉布满的前路，不久就令人崩溃！能够让人提起精神的，是连绵的冰川带给向日葵色板官方的惊喜。原来的古道多经地质变迁无法通行，能够找到古道遗存是非常不易的，多半都需要领队先行探路确认后才能通过。继续...... 直到中午三点多，才在冰川上海拔2900多米处找到有水源的午间营地。坐下来休整，才觉得右腿膝盖下的疼痛，卷起裤腿，一处硬币大的伤口还在渗血，那是前面在行走时不慎踩翻了一处松动的石块造成的！得！祸不单行！当天后半段的路途多是沿渐渐融化的冰川体斜切。穿行于冰川之中，万古岁月消融，冰川也在消融，时不时会传来冰川融化断裂的轰鸣巨响，令人胆寒。当晚，扎营在一处约5、6米高的冰壁前，营地海拔3200多米。继续渡劫之旅...... 万古的冰川，也经不起岁月的流逝。在零零碎碎的时光中，无可奈何地沉寂、消融、坍塌、奔泻。一直以为自己很坚强，面对隆隆作化的冰川，却不得不正视残酷，与万古相比，向日葵色板官方的生命是那么的脆弱、那么的微不足道！莽莽天地间，向日葵色板官方究竟该如何安放自己的灵魂？ 4日晨9：30时启程，再向上攀高300米海拔，到达木扎尔特冰川达坂顶部。木扎尔特达坂海拔3582米，也是南天山南北水系的分水岭，北为昭苏夏特河源头的冰川，南为阿克苏拜城木扎尔特河源头。木扎尔特达坂东西两侧均为海拔5000—5400米的山峰，常年银装素裹。站在这里，极目远眺，云天激荡，山势傲伟，冰川雄厚，那种壮阔之美，令你浑身的疲惫顷刻灰飞烟灭...... 夏特之精华，此刻尽在向日葵色板官方眼前！最难的路，向日葵色板官方已经走过来了！下达坂的雪野中，积雪很厚很厚，很多地方都没过了大腿。领队在前面趟路，向日葵色板官方在后面随行，行路艰难。特别是几次涉过寒彻肌骨的冰水后，漫长的前路和刺骨的冰水几乎耗尽了向日葵色板官方的全部体能。“前方1.5公里是今天的营地”，领队说。但是这最后的1.5公里却走的太久、太难，也许是向日葵色板官方体能到了极限，也许是领队开路也累勺了以致预计有误，（我更愿意相信是后者，零红蝶真给累勺了！）过桥后，好不容易熬到了所谓的五星营地，所有人都不愿再动了。但是营地虽好，营地旁的一条小溪却干涸了！没有水源的营地怎么能是五星级营地？几个协作又不得不跑很远的地方取水...... 尽管不远处浑浊的冰川河水在咆哮着向下奔流...... 寒彻肌骨的冰水现在回想起来都如同噩梦...... 没有水源的营地怎么能称五星？ 5日，向日葵色板官方穿行在雪莲峰护佑下的夏塔牧场。神秘而美丽的雪莲峰一直目送着向日葵色板官方，无数次回望，无数次感恩，无数次欢笑，似乎所有的艰辛与苦难都已经淡忘。但是，我知道，这一路，我真是来渡劫了！在过夏塔牧场中一条窄窄的小溪时，我又一次踩翻了石块...... 后记：有一种缘分，叫上天注定；有一种相遇，叫神的安排。去夏特之前，拜读过王铁男老师的《魂断夏特古道》，对夏特之险有所了解，对能让新疆户外前辈翻船的木扎尔特河心存敬畏。回来后才知道，我出状况不远处的河道，正是当年董务新前辈遇难的地方。那个有铁架的高坡上，正是董务新前辈的衣冠冢。当领队和协作们全部冲下坡去急救我时，队里的南山牧民大哥一直在围着那几个玛尼堆念念叨叨...... 这难道真是上天给我的安排...... 我：夏天，我可能走不出去了！夏：不会的！记得博格达吗？跟着我，我会带你走出去的...... 这是我开始出状况时跟夏天的对话，我清醒的记着。当年的博格达，我正是踩着夏天的脚步，一步步登上了碎石达坂。但是眼下，我却走不动了！我不知道后来当我抓着夏天的胳膊倒下去的时候，夏天的心情和举动。平素里夏天是个沉稳的人，好人说正是因为沉稳的夏天发出了“会急救的赶紧下来”的呼声，他们才觉得事情严重，四五个人迅速地赶到了我的身边...... 在路上我曾经想过，夏特之行也许是我最后一次行走了，也许这次就走不出去了。感谢上天垂爱，我不仅平安走出，还结识了一帮生死弟兄！兄弟们，有你们，真棒！艰难的路...... 万古冰川消融...... 美丽的雪莲峰目送着向日葵色板官方....... 丰腴的夏塔牧场包容着向日葵色板官方...... 平安夏特，向日葵色板官方感恩天与地！永志涅槃之旅......看到零队的夏特计划，咋又动心了呢？！([]

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走进世博会——中国2010年上海世博会介绍（世博系列之一）目录前言一、世界博览会历史 1、世界博览会的由来 2、历届世博会主办城市、名称和主 3、以往部分世博会简介二、中国与世界博览会 1、中国与世博会的渊源 2、中国参加世博会的获奖向日葵视频色版下载 3、新中国参加过的历届世博会 4、中国以往举办的世园会三、2010年世界博览会（Expo 2010）总体介绍 1、上海世博会申办的过程 2、世博会主 3、会徽 4、吉祥物 5、确认参展的国家和组织 6、上海世博会场地 7、上海世博会园区规划 8、2010年上海世博会门票 9、上海世博会世博轴 10、上海世博会世博公园 11、上海世博会演艺中心 12、上海世博会世博中心 13、上海世博会世博论坛 14、上海世博会网上世博会 15、上海世博会文化演艺活动 16、上海世博会世博村四、参展展馆 1、上海世博会主馆 2、上海世博会中国国家馆 3、亚洲馆 4、欧洲馆 5、美洲馆 6、非洲馆 7、大洋洲馆 8、其他国际组织馆 9、企业馆 10、上海世博会城市最佳实践区1# 老顽童thtsjy 前言 2010年是世博年，向日葵色板官方作为本届世博会举办地——上海的市民，愿为世博会尽绵薄之力。为此，向日葵色板官方综合了参观《走进世博会——中国2010年世博会暨世博会历史回顾展览》（在上海展览馆举办）、探访“中国2010年上海世博会展示中心”（位于淮海中路香港新世界大厦三楼）以及收集的有关世博会资料，整理成庚寅年第一帖，奉献给诸位参考。鉴于向日葵色板官方自身文字和拍照水平的局限、收集资料渠道的受限、整理功力的有限，本帖存在诸多不足，恳请各位指教，深表感谢！ 16# zj522522 感谢以上各位支持，祝你们虎年吉祥！ 17# 老顽童thtsjy 一、世界博览会历史 1、世界博览会的由来在古代农耕社会，人们往往在庆贺丰收、宗教仪式、欢度喜庆的节日里展开交易活动，后来逐渐发展成为定期的、有固定场所的、以物品交换为目的的大型贸易及展示的集会。这就是世博会的最早形式。公元5世纪，波斯举办了第一个超越集市功能的展览会。 18世纪，随着新技术和新向日葵视频色版下载的不断出现，人们逐渐想到举办与集市相似，但只展不卖，以宣传、展出新向日葵视频色版下载和成果为目的的展览会。1791年捷克在首都布拉格首次举办了这样的展览会。随着科学技术的进步，社会生产力的发展，展览会的规模也逐步扩大，参展的地域范围从一地扩大到全国，由国内延伸到国外，直至发展成为由许多国家参与的世界性博览会。 26# 老顽童thtsjy 2、历届世博会主办城市、名称和主1851年英国伦敦万国工业向日葵视频色版下载大博览会1853年美国纽约万国工业向日葵视频色版下载博览会1855年法国巴黎世界工农业和艺术博览会1862年英国伦敦国际工业和艺术博览会1865年爱尔兰都柏林世界博览会1867年法国巴黎第2届巴黎世界博览会1873年奥地利维也纳世界博览会1876年美国费城美国独立百年展览会1878年法国巴黎第3届巴黎世界博览会1880年澳大利亚墨尔本世界博览会1883年荷兰阿姆斯特丹国际博览会1889年法国巴黎第4届巴黎世界博览会1893年美国芝加哥哥伦布纪念博览会1897年比利时布鲁塞尔世界博览会1900年法国巴黎第5届巴黎世界博览会1904年美国纪念路易斯安娜购置一百周年博览会1905年比利时列日世界博览会1906年意大利米兰世界博览会1908年英国伦敦世界博览会1910年比利时布鲁塞尔世界博览会1913年比利时甘特世界博览会1915年美国旧金山巴拿马太平洋博览会1925年法国巴黎国际装饰美术博览会1926年美国费城建国150周年世界博览会1929年西班牙巴塞罗那世界博览会1933年美国芝加哥世界博览会——“一个世纪的进步”1935年比利时布鲁塞尔万国博览会——“通过竞争获取和平”1936年瑞典斯德哥尔摩世界博览会1937年法国巴黎现代生活艺术世界博览会——“现代世界的艺术和技术”1938年芬兰赫尔辛基航空世界博览会1939年比利时国际水资源博览会1939-1940年美国纽约世界博览会——“明日新世界”1939-1940年美国旧金山金门世界博览会1949年瑞典国际体育博览会1949年海地王子港世界博览会1953年以色列耶路撒冷世界博览会1954年意大利航海世界博览会1955年瑞典世界生活艺术博览会1955年意大利都灵国际体育博览会1956年以色列柑橘栽培展览会1957年德国柏林世界博览会1958比利时布鲁塞尔世界博览会——“科学、文明和人性”1961年意大利都灵世界博览会1962年美国西雅图廿一世纪博览——“太空时代的人类”1964-1965年美国纽约世界博览会——“通过理解走向和平”1965年德国慕尼黑交通运输世界博览会1967年加拿大蒙持利尔世界博览会——“人类与世界”1968年美国圣安东尼奥世界博览会——“美洲大陆的文化交流”1970年日本大阪日本世界博览会——“人类的进步与和谐”1971年匈牙利布达佩斯世界狩猎博览会1974年美国斯波坎环境世界博览会——“无污染的进步”1975年日本冲绳国际海洋博览会——“海洋-充满希望的未来”1981年保加利亚普罗夫迪夫世界博览会1982年美国诺克斯维世界能源博览会——“能源-世界的原动力”1984年美国新奥尔良路易西安纳世界博览会——“河流的世界-水乃生命之源”1985年日本筑波万国博览会——“居住与环境人类的家居科技”1985年保加利亚普罗夫迪夫世界博览会1986年加拿大温哥华世界交通与通讯博览会——“交通与运输”1988年澳大利亚布里斯班世界博览会——“科技时代的休闲生活”1990年日本大阪世界博览会——“人类与自然”1991年保加利亚普罗夫迪夫世界博览会1992年西班牙塞维利亚世界博览会——“发现的时代”1992年意大利热那亚世界博览会——“哥伦布-船与海”1993年韩国大田世界博览会——“新的起飞之路”1998年葡萄牙里斯本海洋博览会——“海洋——未来的财富”1999年中国昆明世界博览会——“人与自然，迈向二十一世纪”2000年德国汉诺威世界博览会——“人类-自然-科技-发展”2005年日本爱知爱．地球博——“自然、城市、和谐——生活的艺术”2008年西班牙萨拉戈萨世界博览会2010年中国上海世界博览会——“城市,让生活更美好”2012年韩国丽水世界博览会2015年意大利米兰世界博览会 29# 老顽童thtsjy 3、历届部分世博会简介水晶宫的魅力——1851年英国伦敦第一届世界博览会纪实全世界第一场世界博览会——1851年万国工业博览会在英国首都伦敦的海德公园举行，展期是1851年5月1日至10月11日，主要内容是世界文化与工业科技，借此博览会英国在当时展现了工业革命后技冠群雄、傲视全球的辉煌成果。 “天时、地利、人和”催发了首届世博会 19世纪前半叶，欧洲工业革命正如火如荼地进行，科学技术的飞速发展，使人类生活发生了巨大的变化。在英国，自维多利亚女王登基后，当时的英国在世界工业中一马当先。同时资本的高速聚集和运作，英国也成为当时欧洲金融的中心。这些因素触发了英国将在世界舞台上演绎主角的欲望。此前，欧洲各国举办工业博览会已不是新鲜事，特别是英国、法国在工业革命的推动下，都举办了多届有影响的工业向日葵视频色版下载博览会，以此来推广本国的工业生产技术和宣传新向日葵视频色版下载。频频举办工业博览会使英国萌发了举办一次世界各国参与的博览会。成立于1754年的英国皇家艺术协会历来承担国家展览会的组织工作，担任皇家艺术协会主席的阿尔伯特亲王具有一种与传统理念所不同的开明思想和创新精神。1849年，艺术协会开始酝酿筹划规模更大的博览会时，阿尔伯特提出“博览会必须是国际性的、展品要有外国向日葵视频色版下载参加”的设想，要求能在伦敦海德公园中找到最好的展览场地，以举办一届规模宏大的世界博览会。 “天时、地利、人和”催发了第一届世博会在英国诞生。确立规则，女王广邀宾客 1849年6月30日，一次历史性的会议在白金汉宫召开，参加者有皇家艺术协会成员、全国博览会组委会成员、建筑公司成员和阿尔伯特亲王。会议作出了7项重要决定：1、世博会展品分为四个大类：原材料、机械、工业制品和雕塑作品；2、将建一幢特别临时建筑作为世博会展厅；3、举办场地选在海德公园南侧；4、博览会将是国际性的，由国家发出参展邀请；5、组委会将提供大量奖金以鼓励参展者；6、将成立一个皇家委员会来主办世博会；7、世博会财政集资由艺术家协会负责。会议之后，组委会立即起草并提交给政府关于成立世博会皇家委员会的申请。组委会成员到英格兰、苏格兰和爱尔兰的65个城镇和法国等一些欧洲国家进行了游说，动员参展。 1849年10月17日，组委会举行了一次大规模的公共会议，向伦敦市最有影响力的商人和银行家描述了世博会的整个计划。艺术协会的项目融资也有了进展，25万英镑的保证金解决了财务问。很快，议会两院也以多数票同意在海德公园内举行博览会。 1850年1月3日，世博会皇家委员会成立。随后，维多利亚女王便以国家名义向世界各国发出世博会参展邀请。 31# 老顽童thtsjy 一个方案拯救了首届世博会世博会的筹备工作开局颇为顺利，但是困难却是接踵而来。一是时间紧，距世博会开幕仅有一年半，具体工作尚未启动；二是集资困难，运作资金尚有很大缺口；三是社会上有大量意见反对使用海德公园举办世博会，因为建造展馆将会破坏树林和环境。但最大的麻烦是世博会展馆的设计与建造问。 1849年底成立的世博会建筑委员会立即向各国发出展馆设计的邀请。尽管方案征集仅有三个星期，但委员会仍收到245个方案，却没有一个获胜者。因为所有方案都是古典、永久性的建筑形式。这不仅使阿尔伯特等陷入困境，甚至有导致世博会流产的危险。正在皇家委员会一筹莫展时，一个不经意的方案不仅成功地挽救了世博会，更是成为人类历史上的里程碑作品，甚至建筑物作品的本身成为了第一届世博会最成功的展品。这便是园艺工约瑟夫·帕克斯顿和他的创作“水晶宫”。意外发现睡莲化作“水晶宫” 1837年，一位英国探险家在圭亚那发现美丽的王莲，便采集种子带回英国交给查丝华斯庄园首席园艺师约瑟夫·帕克斯顿(Joseph Paxton)种植。三个月后，王莲长出11片巨大的叶子和开出美丽的花朵。帕克斯顿将花以维多利亚命名王莲Victoria amazonica Sowerby（Royal Water Lily,Amazon Water-platter），并作为礼物送给了维多利亚女王。自此他与阿尔伯特亲王相识并成为挚友。王莲越长越大。有一天他把7岁的小女儿抱在其中一片叶子上观赏花朵，水上飘逸的绿叶居然轻而易举地承担起她的体重。帕克斯顿翻开叶子观察其背面，只见粗壮的径脉纵横呈环形交错，构成既美观又可以负担巨大的承重力的整体。这个发现顿时给了他灵感，一种新的建筑理念在脑中形成。不久他在为王莲建造查丝华斯温室时，用铁栏和木制拱胁为结构、玻璃为墙面，首创了新颖的温室。该建筑除了简洁明快的功能外，建筑构件可以预先制造，不同构件可以根据建筑大小需要组合装配，这样的建筑成本低廉，施工快捷。帕克斯顿听说了在海德公园建造展览场馆之事，立即毛遂自荐愿意提供他的建筑方案。帕克斯顿的设计方案在众人的关注下最终被敲定，记者Douglas Jerrold在报上将它称之为“水晶宫”，这个名称一直流传至今。1850年9月26日，水晶宫奠基。6个月不到就竣工了。整幢建筑是现代化大规模工业生产技术的结晶。 38# 老顽童thtsjy 博览盛会，创造历史水晶宫建造的同时，组委会挑选和收集各类展品的工作进展加快。博览会共有18000个参加商，提供了10万多件展品。组委会另设特别评选委员会对展品评选，评出5084奖项，其中外国人获得3045项。 1851年5月1日早上9时，水晶宫开门接纳来参加开幕式的客人。50多万人聚集在海德公园四周。11时30分，9驾皇家马车列队离开了白金汉宫前往海德公园参加世博会开幕大典，12时的钟声敲响，在“哈利路亚”乐曲声中，王室和他们的随行人员进入展览宫。水晶宫内挂满万国彩旗，参观人流摩肩接踵，各种工艺品、艺术雕塑琳琅满目、目不暇接。人们惊奇地观看来自不同国家的发明、珍奇和不同产品。参观者最感兴趣的是不同的机器发明。人们目瞪口呆地看着开槽机，钻孔机，拉线机，纺纱机，造币机，抽水机等各种机器工作，让人领悟到工业革命给世界带来的变化。当然，最受赞誉的还是水晶宫，这座原本是为世博会展品提供展示的场馆却成了第一届世博会中最成功的作品和展品。水晶宫成为世博会的志。水晶宫成就了世博会的举办，世博会的成功又为世界上第一次聚集众多国家，为了一个和平的目的交流不同文化、科技成果开创了先例。 1851年共有6039195人次参观了首届世博会。同年10月14日伦敦世博会举行了闭幕式，世博会圆满结束，并获得了186437英镑的利润。世博会结束后水晶宫移至伦敦南部的西得汉姆，并以更大的规模重新建造，1854年6月10日由维多利亚女王主持向公众开放。它作为伦敦的娱乐中心存在了82年。1936年11月30日晚上6点，中央大厅员工厕所突然着火，大火烧遍了整幢建筑。水晶宫的焚毁宣告了辉煌的维多利亚时代结束。 43# 老顽童thtsjy 1853年美国纽约世博会 1853年的世博会在美国纽约举办，主办者效仿英国也用钢铁和玻璃建造了一个大型展馆，同样称之为“水晶宫”，但规模却小得多，仅及英国的三分之一。 45# 老顽童thtsjy 46# 老顽童thtsjy 胜家缝纫机公司（Singer）是美国第一家成功的跨国公司，其主打向日葵视频色版下载——缝纫机被誉为继农用锄具发明之后的又一伟大发明，并被称为“世界上最著名的机械”。1853年纽约世博会上展出的胜家缝纫机已具备以后一百多年间的家用缝纫机的基本功能。 47# 老顽童thtsjy 48# 老顽童thtsjy 1852年，奥的斯发明了动力上升梯子的安全装置，并在1853年纽约世博会上演示其发明。现代电梯仍使用奥的斯当年的发明创造。 52# 老顽童thtsjy 1865年爱尔兰都柏林世博会 1865年爱尔兰都柏林世博会上，一种起源于古罗马、风行于16世纪欧洲宫廷、而为爱尔兰妇女所钟爱的蕾丝作品，以其华美典丽而令人炫目，并由此推广成为平民女子的美丽服饰。 54# 老顽童thtsjy 1867年巴黎世博会 1867年在法国巴黎举办的世博会，已经具备了现代世博会的雏形。主展馆为490X380米的巨大橄圆形建筑，中心为公园，四周为展厅，16条通道分割展区，给各参展国设计自己独立的展馆。 57# 老顽童thtsjy 蓝色的多瑙河——记1873年维也纳世博会世博会的举办与规划十九世纪中后期，通过举办世博会来提高国家地位，已被许多国家认同和追逐。1870年，奥地利政府为将首都维也纳推进到世界先进城市行列，同时也为清除1866年普奥战争失败后的笼罩在城市上空的阴霾，向世界宣布：举办1873年维也纳世界博览会，主为纪念约瑟夫一世执政25周年。世博会举办地选择在风光秀丽的多瑙河边，这条河随着几年前施特劳斯著名的圆舞曲《蓝色的多瑙河》而名声鹊起。维也纳中央公园被选作博览会会场，面积达233公倾。维也纳市政当局想利用举办世博会的时机，对旧城区建筑大举实施改造，拆去城壁，打通市中心与郊外的联系，多瑙河也在整改范围之列，涉及水道绵延半英里，拓展河道工程产生的50万立方的砂砾被用于世博会会址之用。整个工程规划由建筑师凯利·哈森那根据意大利文艺复兴时期的风格设计。由于前几届世博会的启示，维也纳世博会的组织者已开始注重建筑的功能与美观结合，强调建筑的整体魅力。设计中的宏伟庞大的主建筑群——工业宫，面积达7万平方米,工业宫建筑结构合理，长907米,宽206米。中央与园顶大厅相连,两侧留有宽25米主廊，主廊与长145米、宽15米的侧廊相交。侧廊之间有多个宽45米,长75米庭院,所有建筑均建有屋顶，观众入口装饰处建造了凯旋门和不同历史风格的大门。工业宫建筑开创了世博会历史中建造大型联体展览建筑物的先列。 60# 老顽童thtsjy 世界第八大奇观——圆顶大厅罗托纳达维也纳世博会上建筑亮点是由斯各特·罗素设计的工业宫中央圆顶大厅罗托纳达。罗素曾担任1851年伦敦世博会参展委员会的秘书。该大厅设计显然受到了1851年世博会“官方”建筑计划书的启发，风格极其相同。罗托纳达圆形大厅，顶高83米,直径约110米,成为当时世界上最大的圆顶大厅建筑，比罗马的圣·皮耶尔大教堂的48米圆顶和伦敦的圣保罗大教堂37米圆顶确实大了许多。圆形大厅的结构也是用金属制作，建设周期仅18个月,时间之短在当时令人难以置信。建筑被称之为世界第八大奇观。圆形大厅其锥形屋顶由32根粗大的柱子支撑，圆顶之上有一个直径为28米的穹隆塔顶，再上面是一个直径为7米的小型穹隆灯塔，最高处是一个奥地利皇冠的巨大复制品，由皇冠珠宝的仿制品装饰。这个巨大的园顶建筑物引起了轰动效应，也倾倒了观众。世博会期间共有206270位参观者踏着台阶登到圆顶皇冠处，饱览维也纳城市的迷人景色并为壮观的建筑而荣耀。整个博览会除工业宫建筑群外，还有机械厅、美术馆、园艺馆等新建190多幢建筑，整个世博会把现实和艺术，现代和古老，东方和西方不同建筑元素和谐地融为一体。 64# 老顽童thtsjy 布展独特展品丰富建筑群内的中央广场呈东西走向，圆形大厅中央安放着土耳其苏丹二赠送的美丽装饰喷泉。四周由回廊环绕，陈列各国展品。维也纳世博会组织者，为了使展品分类越加合理，将展品分成26种，分类数增加到162个,其目的是“将创造发明、工业化生产与人类教育、生活品味和生活质量的发展相适应”。 16个展示厅内布局根据国家位置而设计展示体系，每个国家的展品都靠着其地理上的邻国，所以只要观赏了不同国家的展品，就可以获知基本的世界地理知识。奥地利展品中给人印象比较深的是一副刻画政治家在普法战争中形象的象牙棋子和一颗重达8吨、长50英尺放置在水银池中的巨型炮弹，使人想起1866年那场不幸的那场战争。埃及展示了世界注目的苏伊士运河工程模型。埃及政府把设计展区的任务委托给了一批德国的著名埃及史研究专家。他们在设计中将四年前刚开始动工的工程建筑与埃及风光、风情巧妙结合，把埃及的地理、历史和社会进程关系完美的展示给观众。瑞典提供了一个模范学校的教育展示，从教室的课桌设计到学生教材丛书和办学规划，让观众了解公共教育的重要性。　　维也纳世博会主办者强调发明和设计理念：科学和艺术，工业和手艺、过去和将来之间，需在美感和实用性的大前提下具有审美价值，构建完美的和谐关系。文化艺术类展品则显示了主办国-维也纳城市特有的强项。世博会中，奥地利为维也纳城市设计了专展览，展览以丰富多样的形式，详细阐述了建成于罗马时代的维也纳城市中城堡、宫殿、街道、广场和著名建筑物的历史故事。该展览最令人激动的是节日欢庆和比赛活动部分，每天的露天音乐会，由约翰.施特劳斯指挥管弦乐队演奏不同圆舞曲和圣歌，当然最受欢迎的便是“蓝色的多瑙河”，因为只有在音乐之都-维也纳，在美丽的多瑙河边，在世博会特有欢乐的氛围中聆听施特劳斯亲自演绎的“蓝色的多瑙河”，才能真正体验和感受到艺术家的真情和艺术作品的魅力所在。维也纳世博会中有两个艺术展馆展示来自世界各地的艺术珍品。法国、俄罗斯提供了众多的名家绘画作品。维也纳画家汉斯麦卡特画成的那幅长17米宽4米的巨作，尤其受人瞩目。古典艺术品中有希腊、意大利送来的大理石雕像，其中有帕台农圣庙的复制品和米洛的维纳斯雕像，据说当时维纳斯的双手还在。　　维也纳世博会于1873年5月1日开幕，11月2日闭幕，共有35个国家、4万多参展商应邀参加，仅有725万人次参观了世博会。最后财务的统计表明，世博会的总投资956万美元，但收益仅是其开支的六分之一，被认为是19世纪重大的财政失败例子之一。维也纳世博会结束后，工业宫部分建筑群成为了维也纳玉米交易所，机器厅等被专门划出用于北方铁路货物和谷物储存中心。但是工业宫建筑和著名的圆顶建筑也同许多历史上世博会建筑一样，遭遇了悲惨的命运，它被1937年的一场大火摧毁。 66# 老顽童thtsjy 1876年费城世博会 1876年的美国费城世博会是一次重要的博览会，这是一届为庆祝美国建国百年而举办的世博会。费城的费尔蒙特公园，是世界上最大的城市公园，也是1876年世博会会址。 68# 老顽童thtsjy 自由女神像是法国赠送给美国的礼物。为参加费城世博会庆典，就将已完成了的自由女神像手臂和火炬先送去。直到1886年，自由女神像才在美国纽约安装完毕。 70# 老顽童thtsjy 爱迪生是19世纪最伟大的发明家，他的许多发明都曾在早期世博会上展出。 73# 老顽童thtsjy 就在这一年，贝尔博士发明了世界第一部电话，立即送到了博览会上展出，也是在这一年，中国第一条铁路在吴淞至上海开通。 75# 老顽童thtsjy 1878年法国巴黎世博会爱迪生发明的话筒、留声机等在本届世博会上展出。 78# 老顽童thtsjy 永远的埃菲尔铁塔——1889年巴黎世博会的产物铁塔的由来 1884年11月8日,法国下院议会做出决定：1889年5月3日至11月6日，法国巴黎将举办第三届世博会。主：庆祝法国大革命胜利100周年。 1886年5月，世博会组委会组织博览会的规划设计招。中者中有设计师古斯塔夫·埃菲尔。埃菲尔建议世博会场地放在巴黎火星广场和托罗卡德罗地区，展览面积100公顷。他在规划中创意建造一座300米高的志性建筑塔。世博会的组织者们更是兴奋地建议：百年盛会中建造的志性高塔建筑，必须征集到大师们的作品，因为只有大师蕴涵的艺术天赋作品才能完美体现法国崇尚文化，独具和无可争议的优势。招的结果是收到了1000份极富创意的方案，其中花样百出。如，设计一座巨大的断头台以象征帝国的死亡。设计一座350米的金字塔，塔上雕刻有英雄雕像和浮雕以描述大革命的主要事件等等。但是，最“异想天开”的设计，还是来自年轻的设计师，古斯塔夫.埃菲尔的金属拱门塔方案。埃菲尔创意：“建造一座新颖的金属凯旋拱门来为现代科学和法国工业增光。这座拱门会给人独特的印象，也会超过历史上各种凯旋门形式。” 组委会委员、市政当局经比较和讨论，最终埃菲尔的铁塔门方案获得批准，当时新闻界大多数人也都对此方案表示欢迎。不过，所有人并没有料到，他们通过的这个方案成就了世博会历史上最激动人心的作品，也使1889年的世博会成为了经典。 80# 老顽童thtsjy 铁塔设计和建造古斯塔夫-埃菲尔，1832年生于第戎，中学毕业后，他到巴黎中央大学求学。他在设计建造波尔多的杜罗河桥时，由于解决了桥梁支柱的稳定性的难而初露峰芒。很快，他又参与设计在美国纽约“自由女神”像，因内部复杂的结构而名杨四海。通过一个个大胆创新的建筑项目中，年轻的埃菲尔的才能很快得到了充分展示。埃菲尔在方案通过后，在40个助手帮助下，绘制了5300幅工程图，涉及到建筑18038个部位。 1886年11月5日，法国贸易部长批准了埃菲尔团队提交的最后方案。并提供其预算2750万法郎中五分之一的资金。埃菲尔抵押了他的公司并设法筹足剩余五分之四的资金。 1887年1月铁塔正式开工，整个工地成了一个巨大的钢铁加工厂，每段钢材都在工厂里依照严密的计算，根据图纸精确制造，然后又严格检验、编号、并按图纸进行组装。高塔建造时现场并没有什么辅助脚架,全靠精密的计算和严密的管理，一根根沉重的钢材凭借手动液压装置精确顶到位置，再由人工用一个个烧红的铆钉，挥舞着铁锥一锤一锤加以铆接固定。铁塔用去15000根钢铁材料，二百五十万个铆钉，整座塔楼在水泥混凝土加固的底座上矗立。工程在28个月工期里，始终体现着严格而科学的秩序。 82# 老顽童thtsjy 铁塔引发的争议埃菲尔自设计铁塔开始，面对的不仅是创新的技术难，还有因铁塔而引发的一场社会争议。因为，他的“通天塔”不仅激发了人们浓厚的好奇心，也产生了巨大的困惑。巴黎杰出的哥特建筑学派专家认为从数学角度考虑建造铁塔是不可能的。而最大的反对意见来自于巴黎的文学艺术家们。以著名作家盖.德.莫泊桑为首的47位著名人士发起了一项反对铁塔名活动，名的备忘录提交给巴黎政府并在报纸上公开发表。反对和争议没有阻止建筑的进程，埃菲尔面对各种压力，始终沉着冷静，他认为铁塔一定会成功，他坚信建造铁塔将是完成一座人类理想的丰碑。铁塔在塞纳河边渐渐升高，反对的意见逐步减少。人们开始冷静地看待铁塔，并对它的整体进行评估：大胆独创的铁塔，新颖别致的造型，直冲天穹的力量，张扬中却又充溢着浪漫的轻盈。这一切不又体现了法兰西民族独有的创造和创新的精神吗？ 84# 老顽童thtsjy 铁塔建造成功 1889年3月31日星期日，铁塔主建筑完工，埃菲尔与一些世博会高官一起登上了塔顶，并发射了21发礼炮以示庆祝。埃菲尔升起法国三色国旗并骄傲的宣告“现在，世界上只有法国国旗能飘扬在300米的高空”。艾菲尔铁塔，这个曾被嘲笑为“悲剧式的蜡烛台”，“可怕的钢材堆”“巨大的工业烟囱”为法国1889年巴黎世博会带来激情和滚滚财源。艾菲尔与巴黎政府的铁塔合约在1889年5月起开始回报，根据合同条款，20年中，铁塔收益归艾菲尔所有，铁塔就象一个金矿，这个金矿给艾菲尔带来了极大的效益。当20年后，铁塔移交给巴黎市，艾菲尔和巴黎市政府并没有料到，铁塔的收益会不断延续，在一个世纪后，铁塔仍然游人如织。 86# 老顽童thtsjy 世博会时的铁塔 1889年5月6日，随着埃菲尔铁塔上一声炮响，世博会正式开放，会期每天早晨铁塔上的炮声和晚上铁塔的灯光不仅成为世博会的景观，更是成为巴黎都市浪漫生活的组成。由于采用了电灯照明技术，这也成为第一次晚上也开放的世博会。 1889年世博会期间，登塔成为参观的主要目的和时髦，共有2百万人在会期参观了铁塔。埃菲尔铁塔有三层：第一层为57.63米，设不同的餐厅；第二层115.73米，设不同的办公室，特别是费加罗报的办公室，负责为参观者办理登塔证书；第三层276.13米，是向日葵视频色板APP官网区、气象台，实验室（物理，气象，生物）和艾菲尔的办公室，一般不对游人开放。埃菲尔铁塔有一部电梯，每次可容纳100人，斜升到57米高一层，另外一部可载50人的垂直电梯，开到115米高。电梯每小时可供2400人用。参观人也可以通过1792级楼梯徒步登塔，到顶层鸟瞰巴黎全景。 1886年，本茨制成世界上第一辆三轮内燃机汽车。1889年，本茨亲自驾驶着汽车在展示，大受欢迎，也预示人类的汽车时代已经到来。 1889年11月6日，法国卡尔诺总统主持了的盛大的世博会闭幕仪式，世博会明星爱迪生用新近发明的留声机，以播放埃菲尔宣布闭幕的声音作为博览会闭幕节目。 88# 老顽童thtsjy 铁塔的精神 1923年埃菲尔去世时，他的铁塔仍是世界上最高的建筑物，这一记录一直保持到1930年纽约克莱斯勒大厦建成，它比埃菲尔铁塔仅高出几米。 100多年来，埃菲尔铁塔历经风雨，屹立在塞纳河边，并成为巴黎城市的组成部分。百岁铁塔并没有因时间推移而失去代表时尚的美名，它那高耸、浪漫的丰韵成为了法国的志。它凝聚着崇尚创新的法兰西民族精神，它张扬着近代科学文明的威力，它彰显着巴黎城市无穷的文化魅力。当然，人们也不会忘记伟大的世界博览会，正是这样的一个创造、创新的舞台造就不朽的埃菲尔先生和永远的埃菲尔铁塔。 90# 老顽童thtsjy 1893年美国芝加哥世博会而今我们日常生活中离不开的拉链是由美国工程师Whitcomb L Judson发明并在1893年芝加哥世博会上亮相。 ([]

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2013年开始的直播内容在这个帖子：旅行这点事儿《继2012年后峰子环游中国&亚洲2013年续篇直播贴》（更新至云南）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1678988-1-1.html内容是从成都-理塘-稻城亚丁-香格里拉-丽江-大理-昆明-普洱-西双版纳-磨憨口岸-------老挝-泰国-柬埔寨-越南---------------国内剩余部分……………………………………………………………………… （2012年10月2日更新说明）谢谢大家的支持，现在身在尼泊尔的一个小城市。　　这里wifi很不给力，不能一一回复大家，我暂时把接下来的路线大致说下，游记继续更新，每天配有视频！　　如果证没有问的话，俺会今年一直待在国外，国内部分会在年后去做。　　同时很多朋友微博 @骑鹅的峰子 @ 我说，要改名字，俺想想也是，现在不能再过环中国了哈。。　　不多说，大致路线可能如下：　　尼泊尔-印度-斯里兰卡-马来西亚-东南亚其他几国（过年前为限）　　再次感谢大家的关注，国外的游记俺会整理完发出。新藏线的所有视频已整理过半，另土豆可以搜索到前十多天的视频，网络好了会陆续发到天涯来。　　再次谢谢大家！！　　------------------------10月2日峰子于尼泊尔 pokhara -----------------------------------------------------2012年8月10日开始第三部分旅行前的一点说明：已旅行完成：北京-河北-内蒙-宁夏-甘肃-青海-甘肃-新疆-帖子更新的一点说明】截止2012年8月10日，从北京出来第110天，今天到达新疆叶城，新藏线国道219的0公里处，预示着俺本次深度环中国旅行十部份中的第三部分云端天路新藏线】开始。同时第一部分出京一路向西】和第二天部分踏寻丝绸之路】都顺利完成。第一部分【出京一路向西是从北京到兰州，途中经过河北，内蒙，宁夏，甘肃。在帖子中通过游记方式呈现了途中故事和旅途感受；第二部分【踏寻丝绸之路是从兰州到喀什，途中经过甘肃，青海，甘肃，新疆。由于多方因素，主要还是俺比较懒，帖子基本处于停滞状态，对不住支持俺的朋友们。从第二部分的兰州开始，尝试了用摄像机和相机两种方式呈现旅途，所以在接下来的帖子会继续更新，不会直接跳到第三部分。俺也尝试用一种新的方式：视频+每日故事和感受配合一到多张照片，这样的方式来更新第二部分【踏寻丝绸之路。这部分更新可能会持续一月之久，也正好是俺在新藏线的途中。第三部分【云端天路新藏线会在途中完成，视频是必须的，因为太多人对天路新藏线，即世界海拔最高公路国道219，感到神秘和向往。游记打算继续沿用第一部分的游记方式来完成。俺继续努力，谢谢很多朋友一直以来的支持，感谢途中同行过的XDJMS，和途中帮助过俺的“陌生人”！谢谢你们，是你们给了俺继续前行的动力和信心！2012年8月11日凌晨于新疆叶城峰子****************************************************************（2012-5-13后加说明）5月，从#宁夏#开始，会把好玩和有意思的景点及路上的见闻，除了用文字和图片展现出来，同时，慢慢也学着用视频的方式加以呈现。4月，从#内蒙#开始，为感谢大家一如既往的支持，在这谢谢大家。游记里会把各个地区的景点和值得去的地方在里边写出，并在游记正文介绍路线，门票价格等对朋友们以后可能去会用的信息（当然不包括自驾，包车，打车这种看导航就能到的方式）并有一些旅行经验分享，用“tip”示。2012年4月10日出发****************************************************************4月………………看后边更新的帖子吧，哈哈，谢谢大家支持了！4月10日：出发了。4月8日：：今天把视频发上来了，《峰子骑鹅游中国出发篇》因剪辑视频耽误了几天，4月9日-4月11日择日出发，在此记录自己旅程，和同是山友和骑行的兄弟们分享乐趣，也在此学习学习，向上向上！！今天开始预播哈，欢迎各种意见建议和扯淡：PS<路线路线各部分答谢卡装备整理等陆续在第二，三页更新>20岁前，勾画着梦想，20过后，遥不可及；25了，觉得梦想就是个屁，快到30，恍然大悟：若真是屁，那么没有梦想，俺连屁都不是！好吧，俺承认俺的粗俗。不过话说回来，俺一直敬仰并尊重着那些默默坚持自己梦想的人们，因为拥有梦想本应被尊重，而当梦想着地，就更应得到尊重，因为梦想不能一直在天上飘着。所以俺在快到三十而不立之时，也选择接接地气。工作多年后，梦想于我是奢侈的，大家都曾像短片老男孩年轻那样有着伟大的梦想，而在现实的奔波中，已经荡然无存，忘了当初的梦想，甚至都不知道什么是梦想了，快奔三了，但我依然年轻，为什么不能在年轻时把梦想抓的更紧些呢？ ----------峰子扯淡于出发前4月6日夜《线路图》《微电影第一集出发前记录》https//www.tudou.com/programs/view/0qhl4UoRHAw/?rpid=89861856&reSourceId=89861856_06_05_99特别感谢：编剧：@骑鹅的峰子 @Floydfilm009摄像后期：@Floydfilm009音乐配音：@张鱼片发几张以前的照片试试贴图，也以此作为回顾：俯冲小山峰也许是这样开始的。。第一次徒步扎营在北京第一高峰的蛋疼第二次户外穿越，登上中国东部最高峰太白的兴奋和那箭扣长城互助的友谊以及后来。。。华北第一高峰小五台的常客锡林郭勒草原中没不过膝盖的秋泳（俺们都爱重口味）走西口中历史的厚重站在黄土高坡，对大自然的敬畏藏区南迦巴瓦峰下淳朴的藏民老龙窝顶找回的童真雾灵山顶的恶搞北京之巅的钢管舞以及以后无数次的恶搞后来，西湖林成了环保哥云蒙峡奠定了此后环保哥的殊荣也曾，在甸子梁石板烤肉夜探后河的烤鱼海陀山的不眠夜和每个周末的自驾旅行而后为了深度环游中国，2011年末尝试第一次骑行买“白鹅”后第一次远行北京到秦皇岛一夜340公里的“遭罪” 可只为听那海的声音后来平遥之旅追寻着爱……………………………………………… --------------------------------------此分界线后，想哪说哪，拍啥贴啥，可能直播很久，具体多久，俺也不清楚，但绝不太监--------------------------------------《前传》出发前，北京的十年很重要，容俺回顾下：生命中不可磨灭的一个十年，此后就离俺远去，记录下俺的这个十年。 2011年冬的某个周末，滑雪追尾，韧带扭伤，休息了个把礼拜，想了很多，意识到要做的事太多；以前大部分时间都在为别人忙活，真正为自己那点子所谓的梦想并没多去把握，而是一再修正一再拖延，追其所以，可能并没那么洒脱，豁达，牵盼太多。 2012来了，奔三迫在眉睫，却依然…… 只是留下了很多快乐和追求快乐的心态。 02年来京求学正好10年，回顾十年，依稀记得那个刚背包迈出西站，仰望高楼车流，乳臭未干的青年。光辉的大学留下一堆朋友和一道手腕疤痕和无尽的回忆素材与谈资；未毕业，先在国内某原创动漫做了半年动画，年少轻狂选择离开技术，而现实的逼迫离开了最初的艺术梦想；其后广告公司上班1年有余，中途和公司老板及朋友弄B2C，在人流中低头不见双脚的双井，开了家实体店，却因个人，网购方向，市场等尚未成熟，失败告终；期间接着读广告学学位，那时脑袋进水，或是被门挤了，为了中途开饭店，学业未遂。饭店的关闭，至此经历着人生一段低估，无所事事，对生活惶恐，命运再次转折；为了谋生，进入一家房产公司，在经济楼市低潮的07年底08年初，一个月卖出资产达千万的三套房子，可能即将荣升店长之时，似乎自己和自己又开了一个玩笑，选择了离开；重整旗鼓继续从事广告，而这次选择了广告业务，大概半年，觉得不能默默无闻，选择离开；随后一直经营着一家广告公司至今，客户也算行业内数一数二的，但为了内心那个声音，现今只能暂时关掉，断掉自己的后路，背水一战。写这个经历，或许是想给自己一个放弃现在生活，重新开始的理由，只需要一个微不足道的理由。记得当时还是看尼尔斯骑鹅旅行记的那个年龄，趴在家里书桌旁，眼望窗外，想着有一天我也要像尼尔斯一样去旅行，去看看这个世界。所以走出了湖北，来到了北京求学，这么一来就是十年。而今又回到了原点，依然怀揣着最初的梦想：是想去看看这个世界，看看自己生活的位置，看看外边的精彩和无奈。也许一年也许两年，但肯定的是我再次和自己开了一个玩笑，一个让自己睡觉都能笑醒的玩笑。等俺旅行回来，会去赡养父母，结婚生子，相妇教子。这个十年于我最大的收获就是：学会了对自己诚实！上段写的比较长，这一段用个词语总结下就是：不着调《拼音》bùzháodiào 《解释》北方方言。 1 比喻说话、做事不着边际，不靠谱的把公司关掉，骑着单车深度环游中国； 2 形容一个生活在北京十年的80后，丢掉北京十年积淀的一切，去完成三十岁之前的一个梦想，从头开始。《示例》关掉公司峰子骑鹅环中国俺叫它：圆梦之旅《主淫》 80后85前，小名：峰子，坐骑：白鹅。湖北襄阳人士。十年来一直独居北京，热衷疯玩、瞎掰、自虐、骑车、徒步，行动迟缓于思想。《生活现状》关掉公司的不着调旅行者。多年的北京流浪生涯，从事过多种职业：学生，动画师，设计师，电子商务，饭店老板，房产经纪，广告业务，公司法人。《附属品》新浪微博@骑鹅的峰子（同步直播）《时间》2012年4月至 2013……2014…… 如果玛雅预言失败。。。感谢卡钱不是问，没钱是有问的。北京户外2年有余，圈内认识不少领队和品牌代理，朋友都说，为何不找些赞助，曾也考虑过。但旅行本身是自由的一件事儿，不想自己的梦想太商业化，故不考虑商业赞助。当然，一年半载的旅程，经济也是要考虑的。钱毕竟有限，所以如果您在俺途径的某个地方，只希望在不打扰到您的情况下，您能提供俺一个沙发，一个地板，抑或一个可供扎帐篷的角落，俺就泪牛满面了。当然，俺最想结识的是途中遇见的每个朋友，这是您对俺最大的帮助！感谢卡：正面背面整理装备出发今天把散落在家里各角落的装备捯饬起来，整理真是费时费事的事，伤不起啊！没个女秘更是伤不起啊！选个良辰吉日出发！不多说，有图有真相，有木有？大部分都是陪俺走过大江南北的古董了！数码：笔记本（1），上网卡（1），移动硬盘（1），耳机（1），单反（1），卡片（1），手机（1），移动电源（1），插线板（1），三脚架（1），手电（1），尾灯（1）；住宿：帐篷（1），睡袋（2），地席（1），防潮垫（1）；厨具洗漱：套锅（1），油炉（1），挡风板（1），水杯（2），调料瓶（2），水袋（1），藏刀（1），洗漱套装（1），刮胡刀（1），吹风机（1）；衣服：头盔（1），骑行裤头（2），速干裤头（2），速干内衣长袖（2），速干内衣长裤（1），抓绒上衣（1），抓绒裤（1），羽绒服（2），速干T恤（2），衬衣（1），冲锋衣（1），冲锋裤（1），软壳上衣（1），速干裤（1），牛仔裤（1），袜子（3），徒步鞋（1），运动鞋（1），拖鞋（1），分体雨衣（1）；护具：魔术头巾（2），头套（1），帽子（2），眼镜（1），手套（3），护膝（1），套袖（1）；修理：气筒（1），外胎（1），内胎（1），修车工具套装（1），刹车线（1），变速线（1），魔术扣螺丝（若干），补胎片（若干），链条油（1）；药品：路上现买《理论路线》目录第一部分出京一路向西北京——兰州第二部分丝绸之路兰州——喀什第三部分天路新藏线喀什——拉孜第四部分走完天路逛珠峰】拉孜——珠峰大本营【至尼泊尔（暂定）第五部分梦回拉萨珠峰大本营——拉萨第六部分茶马古道滇藏线拉萨——丽江第七部分茶马古道丽江——普洱第八部分迂回向南狂奔天涯】普洱——海口【至东南亚（暂定）第九部分环海南岛第十部分一路向北东海岸线海南——山东第十一部分一路向北环渤海山东——大连第十二部分极北的呼唤大连——漠河第十三部分回家漠河——北京《各部分》理论路线第一部分出京一路向西北京——兰州（北京段）北京（河北段）---189km---张家口（内蒙段）---174km---乌兰察布---140km---呼和浩特---172km---包头---252km---巴彦淖尔---150km---乌海市（宁夏段）---155km---银川---63km---吴忠---88km---中宁（甘肃段）---257km---白银---86km---兰州-------------理论里程：1726km------------2012年4月北京出发第二部分丝绸之路】兰州——喀什（甘肃段）兰州（青海段）---111km---民和回族土族---111km-西宁【丝绸路小插曲之环青海湖西宁---110km---西海镇---环湖一周约---360km---（青海段）西海镇---110km-西宁（甘肃段）---127km---门源回族---225km---张掖---222km---酒泉---160km---玉门---244km---敦煌---130km---柳园（新疆段）---294km---哈密---327km---鄯善---97km---吐鲁番---100km---达坂---95km---乌鲁木齐---61km---阜康---418km---富蕴---237km---阿勒泰---107km---布尔津---218km---乌尔禾---98km---克拉玛依---140km---奎屯---178km---精河---226km---霍城---49km---伊宁---189km---新源---409km---库车---41km---新和---215km---阿克苏---421km---阿图什---43km---喀什-------------理论里程：5873km-------------预计2012年7月末8月初到达喀什，因天气封山的因素，可能会提前走天路新藏线第三部分天路新藏线（含海拔）喀什——拉孜（新疆段）喀什（海拔1278M）---67km---英吉沙（海拔1290M）---124km---莎车（海拔1231M）---70km---叶城（海拔1365M）（219国道的起点）---柯克亚乡（海拔2046M）---71km---普沙村（海拔2183M）---89km---库地（海拔3041M）---4km---204道班（海拔4557M）---麻扎（海拔3811M）---83km---黑卡道班（海拔4084M）---75km---三十里营房（海拔3675M）---73km---康西瓦道班（海拔4017M）---50km---红柳滩（海拔4240M）---91km---甜水海兵站（海拔4842M）---98km---死人沟（海拔5151M）---56km---松西（海拔5218M）---97km---多玛（海拔4450M）---66km---班公湖（海拔4259M）---17km---日土县城（海拔4270M）（西藏段）日土县城---124km---狮泉河（海拔4307M）---扎达---巴尔兵站（海拔4576M）---53km---门士乡（海拔4422M）---63km---塔尔钦（海拔4672M）冈仁波齐山转山塔钦---止热普寺---塔钦圣湖玛旁雍错巴嘎---霍尔乡---79km---公珠措湖（海拔4834M）---60km---马攸木拉检查站（海拔4844M）---45km---铁桥帐篷茶馆（海拔4644M）---63km---帕羊镇（海拔4590M）---75km---新仲巴（海拔4575M）---76km---拉藏乡（海拔4594M）---87km---萨嘎县城（海拔4485M）---69km---22道班（海拔4932M）---118km---桑桑镇（海拔4611M）---65km---卡嘎镇（海拔4334M）---60km---拉孜县城（海拔4012M）（219国道的终点）-------------理论里程：2210km 第四部分走完天路逛珠峰】拉孜——珠峰大本营（西藏段）拉孜---61.7km---加措乡---20km---白坝白坝---6km---鲁鲁边检站---7km---达切村---乌拉山口---26km---扎西宗---40km---绒布寺38km---珠峰大本营-------------理论里程：195km 【至尼泊尔（暂定）第五部分梦回拉萨珠峰大本营——拉萨(珠峰至拉孜预计搭车，不走重路)（西藏段）拉孜县城---154KM -日喀则---91KM -江孜---107KM -浪卡子---158KM -拉萨-------------理论里程：705km(拉孜-珠峰-拉孜-拉萨) -------------预计2012年年底前到达拉萨-------------理论累计11000公里(北京-拉萨) 从第六部分后，因国外线路不确定因素，等走完西藏段，在拉萨停留期间计划！！3天后出发，以后路上会即时来看帖子，欢迎大家建议意见和各种扯淡！！！顶贴是美德，要不写帖可蛋疼了。。。。回复科比涛的帖子谢谢兄弟的支持了。火不火不重要，只要俺出去得到我想看到的，感受的就好了，谢谢了。。。4月8日：：今天把视频发上来了，《峰子骑鹅游中国出发篇》！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！4月8日：：今天把视频发上来了，《峰子骑鹅游中国出发篇》https//www.tudou.com/programs/view/0qhl4UoRHAw/?rpid=89861856&resourceId=89861856_06_05_994月8日下午，，出门逛街，无意看到这个#尤克里里#，赶紧入手一架，MINI，从零开始，路上学门手艺~4月9日：朋友送来一堆药品，感动的泪流满面啊。。太多，只能挑几样必须的带着。。2012年4月10日，10：33，出发！昨夜整宿未眠，并没有以前任何一次出行的兴奋。早上早早起床，开车去银行把捯饬了几张常用的银行卡，在上地最近的村里吃了最近常光顾的那家饭店。而今天的北京城刮起了大风。。也许并不是一个出行的好日子，但这又算什么呢？出发永远是旅行最重要的部分，就像选择和决定永远是任何事情最难的一样。耳机循环播放着的北京北京，北京对我的意义已非第二故乡那么容易理解，因为这有我的亲人，我的朋友和我的爱人。今天我用离别来祭奠在这个城市逝去的十年青春。别了，北京！别了，生活十年的城市！带着梦想，带着希望，带着未知，上路！更新完这段，关上电脑，出发了。再次谢谢大家的关心和支持！！！ ---------------备注-------------------以后只要晚上不太累，有时间，有电，有天翼信号，俺就上来更新，因为白天骑车，晚上写东西太累，主要发些以图片为主的游记；；等到休整的时候再写文字性的东东。Day1：北京-怀来东花园（第一部分出京一路向西） 2012年4月10日上午1033莫名出发了，说莫名其实是没有计划，一切随事情进度来办；前些天，为剪辑视频，和同学耽误了几天，所以推迟；不过还好，开始的准备都没有按部就班，而是超长弄完，为此感谢几个朋友和同学，熬了尽一个礼拜通宵。前夜，没有以前任何一次出行的兴奋，但还是无眠，辗转反侧。早上神奇般醒来，冥冥之中，自有安排吧。惺散开车出门，把要精简的银行卡都搞定，吃了早餐，回来卷好铺盖，就出发了。上路心情转微博一则：听着shuffle里汪峰狂吼的#北京北京#刺痛心扉，十年的画面飞速闪现。强忍，狂蹬脚踏，泪水飞溅，我承认，已失控！这有我的亲人，我朋友，我的爱人！今天我用离别来祭奠在这个城市逝去的十年青春！别了，北京！带着梦想，带着希望，带着未知，上路！2012.04.10北京上地有些困，发几张图片吧：从楼上搬下车，呆呆坐在小区抽烟（思考往哪走哈）俺会再回来滴~出了六环，一路休息的娱乐项目就是看微博，回帖子南口的驴肉火烧，此图只为记录出行第一餐以前木有负如此之重骑车，居庸关的辅路盘山，骑得很销魂，荡气回肠啊此后，八达岭长城雷声轰鸣，怕俺小吉他还木学，就进水，只能等雨停了。说明，北京下雨天每年寥寥无几，为啥今天俺出门，就下了？？这…………难道是人品问？Oh！on！！这样，淘宝花不少银子整的分体雨衣算得以亮相话说，躲雨后出来，一路就换成狂下坡，整爽之时，发现进入鬼城，熙攘的八达岭，居然看不到一个人，灵异的，俺速速闪了。远远看到这个，以为是通县狗市，近眼一瞧，靠！是犬！是干架的犬！心想，这非人品问的阵雨，怎么说也出不来京城了吧，谁知，不小心那么一蹬，干河北的，鹅的神啊！既然到河北了，好吧，总有理由庆祝了。找好旅店。需要补充下，本来要天气好，打算在官厅水库扎营的，可是，，哎~~人品问这就可以导图片，更新帖子了~~今天积极一次，怎么说也是出行处日。下次，就，就，不为例了哈！--------------------------------------所有照片均为手机和卡片机原片，没时间修改，讲究看吧，原汁原味。。。。今天在骑行中发现货架一些问。晚上整理，重装了下。花了很久，，所以今天没法更新了，不过会在下次一起更新。谢谢大家的关注，关心，微博也有直播，是新浪的，名字也是@骑鹅的峰子当然所以图片还是会稍后下次发这个帖子。再次谢谢大家了。。。谢谢大家的专心和专注，不一一回复大家，谢谢你们了。下面更新帖子哈。。。([]

天美传媒沈茹雪tm0096

林琦桂

Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evalsuate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]

白俄罗斯atomtex

詹家玮

前段时间准备休年假，和老公讨论去哪玩儿。俺俩都是爱吃的人，对美食情有独钟，在郑州基本每星期都要吃几个地方。想当年谈恋爱的时候，一个重要的保留节目就是：吃饭。呵呵，那时候他父母正好在广州给他哥哥带孩子呢，所以俺们是每天，中午，晚上都在外面吃，吃了大半年，就这样吃进了婚姻……哈哈，废话少说，转入正。话说两个爱吃的人最想去的地方是哪里（补充下，俺俩都可能吃辣）？当然是天府之国——四川了。其实这个念头向日葵色板官方去年就有了，可是，可是，由于众所周之的原因，俺们没能去成……去年4月，俺们决定5月份去成都玩，结果没去成，震了；去年12月份，俺们又准备去三亚玩，结果又没去成，霍乱了……俺老公QQ的个性名都变成：度个假咋这么难呢？呵呵。俺的年假是10天，可是工作繁忙，领导只同意俺休5天。老公时间比较宽松，所以，加上两个周末，俺们只能休9天的假。于是，定于6月13日正式出发。第一步，定机票。一个朋友告诉我了一个定机票的网址，上去一看，赫，价格还真是便宜哦。郑州飞成都，最低价237元，加机场建设费也才287，比火车卧铺还要便宜哈。最重要的是非常节省时间，因为俺们总共才休9天啊。但是因为领导还没正式批俺的假，所以没敢定。等周一上班跟领导说好，机票价格又涨了！还是俺那个朋友，她是经常到处飞的，说帮俺定算了，结果……人家在南航网站上定了个往返套餐，1人750含机场费，有够便宜吧？但是，人家只订上了一个人的！我慌了，这不让我和老公分道扬镳嘛！于是赶紧又定，结果那个票价是一路飙升啊，我犹豫了两小时还是定了，万一最后同班飞机没票了咋办，后果相当严重啊！最后的价格是两个人往返所有费用1838元。搞定！接下来，定酒店。先是看上了成都国际青年旅社，后来觉得太专业了，俺们可是离驴友的档次还差好大一截呢。后来在熊猫故乡网站上看到了推荐酒店的一个帖子，就上去看了下，没想到还真找到了满意的，是一个酒店式公寓，名字叫“成都之家”，展示图片都很漂亮，就像自己家一样感觉。我很喜欢就定了6晚。后来等真正住进去，发现真是物有所值，房间真的很漂亮。一室一厅一厨一卫，40平米左右，还有一个大阳台，位置在王府井，太平洋百货后面的正成财富id，离著名的春熙路北口走路只要5分钟，价格是128一晚。而且闹中取静，晚上也不吵，很好睡哦。描述：酒店的房间先发张酒店的房间图，这个是老板拍的哈~~~我自己也拍了几张，后面附图——是不是很有家的感觉？然后，该安排成都的行程啦。和老公意见一致，此次度假以休闲游为主，不要搞的那么累。真是两个懒人哈哈~~~鉴于时间有限，而向日葵色板官方又想过过嘴瘾，乐山和峨眉山就不去了——这可是著名景点啊，哭~~~但是，估计以后出差有机会去滴，就留点想头吧。老公强烈要求去都江堰，于是决定行程安排如下：青城山1天，都江堰1天，熊猫基地半天，锦里、武侯祠半天，杜甫草堂、青羊宫半天，其他时间就在市内逛逛，吃些大餐和小吃，呵呵。以吃为主~~~对了，插播一下，成都市今年4月份发行了熊猫卡，因为当时已有去成都的念头，就申请了2张，花了十几块钱邮寄回来的。别小看这张卡，这趟下来向日葵色板官方省了将近1000块钱呢，就这还只逛了一半景点，呵呵。今年想去成都的TX赶紧申请吧。闲话啰嗦完毕，正式飞赴成都。话说6月13日，俺们起了个大早，赶8点的飞机，随身携带两个拉杆箱，两个背包，还有偶提前打印好的自助游攻略和美食指南，嘿嘿。到成都已经是10点多了，出了机场大门就是大巴，10元1人，如果打车的话到住的酒店要50元左右。该省的钱就要省啊，俺们还是坐大巴吧。不得不说下，成都的机场大巴比向日葵色板官方新郑机场的班次多多了，基本上买了票就能上车不用等，一班坐满开走马上就来班新的，也许是因为人流量大吧。这点向日葵色板官方还是没法比的。大巴坐到终点站岷山饭店，然后打车去酒店，花费9元。上楼找到老板，办理了入住手续，已经12点多了。老板是一对年轻夫妇，大学毕业后在此创业，人很不错。偶把打印的美食攻略给他看，请他帮忙指正，居然他说了好几个我都有打印，哈哈，看来我的功课做的不错哦。描述：从客厅看过去描述：大大的阳台还是卧室，是不是感觉很通透？住的酒店图片，实拍~~~挺喜欢的是不是很有食欲嫩嫩的蛙肉豆花，真的很好吃，也是成都特色一盘凉菜，好像是鸡，香辣香辣的成都的第一顿饭：中午决定去吃老板推荐的一家店“自贡好吃客”，那里的跳水蛙是一绝（环保人士请自动忽略哈）。不过他事先提醒向日葵色板官方要微辣就可以了，因为他吃中辣觉得太辣了。偶们已经有些迫不及待了，立马打车直奔目的地，在科华北路川大西门旁边。这个店的门脸不大，第一次路过竟然没看到。出租车司机又兜了一圈才发现。进店一看，100%的人吃的都是跳水蛙，呵呵。闻着那个香气，俺们的哈喇子都快流出来了~~~等了20分钟，终于端上了锅来，二话不说，开吃！不得不说，真的很辣也很香，借用一句成都话：巴适！岳飞写的前出师表后园美景巨大的滴水观音，离的有点远看不出效果孔明锁，据说可以打开，但我摆弄了半天仍不得要领接着说啊。吃完了美味的跳水蛙，决定去武侯祠和锦里逛逛。到了武侯祠，熊猫卡派上用场了，刷卡免费换票，感觉不错呵呵。因为是周六，所以里面的人还挺多，风景不错，向日葵色板官方顺着人流闲逛，看了几个景点就出来了。印象最深的是后门附近有一个小小的花园，不像向日葵色板官方这里的小花园都是种的花啊草啊什么的，这里种的都是盆景，有盆栽的，也有直接种在地上的，都非常巨大，真是南方特色啊。逛完武侯祠，出来发现还不到5点钟。锦里就在隔壁，但是听说锦里的晚上是最漂亮的。怎么办，就在我们犹豫该去哪里打发时间的时候，一个桥边的露天茶座映入了眼帘。哈哈，真是想瞌睡就来了枕头，早就听闻成都的茶馆是街头一景，泡上一杯茶，你可以懒懒的坐上一天，那个悠闲~~~这个茶座的名字也很美：花间月。于是，向日葵色板官方就找了个靠栏杆的位置坐下来。桌椅都是木质的，头顶有遮阳伞，身后是浓浓的树荫，飘来阵阵凉意，舒服啊~~~一人一杯茶，品味悠闲人生要的是青城山特产的竹叶青，开水一冲，绿意盎然~~~夜色中的锦里休闲的人们你见过这样的星巴克吗？像不像大红灯笼高高挂？在茶座坐了一个多小时，眼看天色渐暗，向日葵色板官方准备去小吃街吃些东西。一路走来，各色小吃琳琅满目，刺激着我们的眼球。肥肠粉不能不尝，伤心凉粉名字特别，还有三大炮什么的~~~我俩东买西买了一堆，开始大快朵颐~~~光顾吃了，没怎么拍照。吃饱喝足，开始逛逛锦里的夜景。白天挂着的一串串的灯笼派上了用场，次第点亮。果然夜色中的锦里美丽迷人，弥漫着浪漫和悠闲的气息。呵呵，住的地方个人觉得还不错。推荐大家去成都的可以看看他们的网站：www.9090950.cn锦里小吃街的肥肠粉肥肠粉，不得不尝的四川小吃，估计爱辣的MM都喜欢~~~台阶旁的同心锁幽静的小路绿意逛完锦里，已经快9点了，向日葵色板官方都有点累。坐车回到酒店，洗洗睡吧，明天一早准备去青城山。6月13日行程结束。14号早上，我定的7点钟的表，结果等向日葵色板官方出门，都已经8点多了。就在酒店旁边的小吃店一人吃了碗牛肉面做早餐，花费10元，味道还不错。貌似成都的随便一个小吃店味道都不错哈~~~吃完面，打车到游客集散中心（10元），几乎所有省内游的线路都在那里发车。忘了说啊，我和老公都非常不爱跟团，感觉那样不自由也玩不好，所以向日葵色板官方一直都是自助游的。买了2张10点钟到青城山的车票，19.5元一张，花费29元。同车的老外很多，几乎占了一小半，想起近来流行的HINI，有点小寒~~~顺利到达青城山，已经快12点了。向日葵色板官方决定先吃点东西再开始爬，不然饿着肚子没力气了~~~在此鄙视一下自己，还没开始行动就吃了两顿了这顿午饭吃的，简直是......反正强烈不建议在青城山脚下的这个饭店（好像叫什么阁的）吃饭！饭是夹生的，还很硬，菜也是，前所未有的难吃。我勉强吃了小半碗饭，就咽不下去了，老公吃了一小碗。不过附近好像就这一家店，生意还很火爆勉强果了腹，向日葵色板官方就开始向青城山进发。一进山门，一股凉意扑面而来，满眼绿色。不愧是青城天下幽啊。虽然是周末，但游人不多，走到幽静处，更是前后无人，颇合我意。突然想起一句话：山中日月长。在这幽静的山中，就是什么也不做，静静的发呆也是好的。爬了10多分钟，向日葵色板官方这经常坐办公室的身板就不行了，俺俩都是汗流满面，气喘如牛。“不行了，歇歇吧”，老公率先垂范。就这样，向日葵色板官方三步一停，五步一歇，2个多小时才爬了一小半。在半山的一个茶社又歇了会儿，吃点东西喝点茶，我们向天师洞进发。终于到了，再歇会儿看来这身板真是该锻炼了。听说去年地震的时候把老君阁震坏了，眼下还在维修，向日葵色板官方就不准备往上爬了。说实话也爬不动了。眼看时间快到5点了，向日葵色板官方还要赶到都江堰住宿，俺们就咔嚓咔嚓拍些片片打道回府了。有个很奇怪的现象，向日葵色板官方爬山的时候，经常在大石头底下看到密密麻麻的树枝，顶在地和石头中间，不知道虾米意思。石头和地之间全是树枝，啥米意思啊山上的道观天师洞，俺们上的最高处天师洞后面的道观夜晚的南桥桥顶的图案独自莫凭栏桥下的滔滔江水继续更新哈。话说我们一路下了青城山，差不多5点半左右，很顺利地在停车场找到了通往都江堰的101路公交车，上车1人2元。不过这2元钱可真值啊，坐了差不多1个多小时（注：都是郊区公路，跑的飞快哈）。主要是听说都江堰的夜市很不错，所以俺们两个爱吃的人，就打算在这里住一晚了，呵呵。因为当初我定计划的时候，是准备住在青城山的，所以都没有查都江堰的宾馆。现在两眼一抹黑，到底住哪儿还心里没谱呢。不过隔不住咱运气好，就在车到了都江堰市区俺们东张西望的时候，发现俺们后面坐了两个老先生好像当地人，于是就请教：都江堰有什么宾馆好住的，离都江堰景区近一些的？俩老先生笑了：跟我们走吧，向日葵色板官方就住那旁边。俺们一听，哈哈，真是老天有眼，下了车屁颠屁颠的跟在人家后面就走。原来就在都江堰景区大门旁边就是一座桥，叫南桥，过了南桥就是南街，街两边全都是旅馆，有点象家庭旅馆那样子的。老公有点洁癖（哼，在此鄙视一下），没办法向日葵色板官方一直往里面走，找了一家99元连锁酒店住了。房间倒是挺干净，可惜太小，连个桌子都没有，包和衣服什么的只能挂墙上，跟向日葵色板官方在成都住的没法比。据说在北京还有连锁，也是99元，难以想象会是什么样子，难不成是地下室？强烈建议在都江堰住一晚上！夜晚的南桥很漂亮，而且很干净，桥下就是滚滚的江水，或凭栏远望，或斜坐桥面，微凉的夜风吹在身上，怎一个爽字了得！对了，临行前我整理了一些青城山和都江堰游玩的攻略，回来后结合自己的体会重新整理了一下，在此发出来，以供TXM参考。青城山前山、都江堰自助游攻略一、交通费用1、成都新南门车站——青城山前山，车票19.5元/人。2、青城山前山——都江堰，出前山山门，在停车场乘101路直达车到都江堰，路程1个小时，车票2元/人。3、都江堰客运站——成都茶店子车站，车票15.5元/人。（注：都江堰客运站只有到成都茶店子车站的大巴，不过茶店子公交车比较多）二、青城山游览路线1、游览门票前山90元/人。2、前山索道（月城湖→四望观）单程30元/人，往返50元/人。3、前山月城湖船票5元/人。4、步行游览路线：前山山门→天然图画（0.8公里）→天师洞（1.5公里）→朝阳洞（1公里）→上清宫（1.5公里）→老君阁（0.5公里）→四望观（1公里）→月城湖（2.5公里）→建福宫。游览下来大约需要半天多。索道游览路线：前山景区大门→怡乐窝→月城湖（渡湖）→缆车上山→凌云山庄→上清宫→老君阁→下山原路返回到上清宫→朝阳洞→祖师殿→天师洞→五洞天→凝翠桥→山荫亭→天然图画坊→怡乐窝→前山景区大门（整个游览需要5个小时）。三、都江堰游览路线1、门票90元/人。2、推荐游览路线：景区离堆入口→清溪园→伏龙观→宝瓶口→飞沙堰、离堆→鱼嘴→安澜桥→二王庙→秦堰楼→玉垒山→玉垒关→西关→城隍庙→十殿→玉垒山景区出口。游玩时间3-4个小时。地震后二王庙后面的景点不能游览（2009年6月份）3、观光车10元/人不需要坐，路程不远。四、住宿前山：星级酒店、山庄别墅不少，适合来青城山度假、养生的游客，间从两百元至上千元不等，但一般季节均可打折。山中部分道观，如上清宫、天师洞（推荐）等也可住宿，20—60元/人。山中还有农家乐，30—80元/人。都江堰可住在南街，有很多旅馆可供选择。五、注意事项1、前山主要是道教文化，文物古迹多集中在这一区域。门票为90元/人。2、重要景点介绍：青城前山的主要景点有天然图画、天师洞、朝阳洞、上清宫、老君阁、四望观、月城湖、建福宫等。3、提醒：青城山的山道入口和出口几乎被各种索道和新修的仿古庙宇遮没了，要找到登山入口和出口不太容易，甚至会有不良工作人员告诉你上山只有坐索道一种办法。所以强烈建议喜欢徒步的朋友买好导游图再上山。还有青城山后山的自助游攻略，因为现在后山没有开放，没去成。听说比前山好玩。在此也发出来，给后来者参考吧。据说年底就能开放了~~~青城山后山自助游攻略一、交通费用1、成都新南门车站——都江堰，车票16元/人。2、都江堰——青城山后山，从秦堰楼后面直接出都江堰景区离堆大门，门口乘101路直达车到青城前山，路程30分钟，大巴车票16元/人。3、青城山后山——成都新南门车站，车票25元/人。二、游山费用1、游览门票前山90元/人，后山40元/人。2、前山索道单程30元/人，往返50元/人；后山金骊索道单程35元/人，往返60元/人；后山白云索道：上行35元/人，下行30元/人，往返60元/人。3、前山月城湖船票5元/人；后山翠映湖船票2元/人。4、后山白云万佛洞门票5元/人；后山水晶溶洞门票10元/人。三、住宿后山总共有三四处可以住宿：(1)山脚下，有很多私人旅馆，也有稍大型的酒店。 (2)山上三分之二处的又一村。 (3)坐缆车的话，还可以住在白云寨。(4)山顶白云寺，寺庙内。如果你想第二天一大早登山，可以提前住在山脚下，但这里四周的风景绝对比不上山上的环境和空气。建议还是住在又一村，这里是整个青城山后山山上住宿和餐饮最集中的地方，全部都是很是私人的旅馆，二层的阁楼，一般都是一层是敞开式的灶台和吃饭的地方，二层或三层全是住宿，基本装修都是差不多，除了两三家外把自己家的外墙和屋檐装修成古代风格的，其他的基本是木本色，一律是落地的窗户，屋里装修一般，有电热水器，所以只要有电，24小时有热水，有电视（频道有限）。又一村住宿的地方比较多，建议你尽量往里多走一些，不要光看眼前的旅馆，在后面还有几个，环境比前几家好一些，前几家基本都是集中在一起，你在二层楼，楼下的人稍抬头就看得到你的全景。后面有一家欣欣酒家的，环境不错，他的楼下是一处平台，好像是一处延伸到山那一面的平台，比较有私人空间，几把太阳伞，下面一个长条四人桌，上面铺着好看的镂空的白色桌布，几把四川味道的竹椅，可以坐在那里看着青山，呼吸着清新的空气，喝得茶，或是撮着饭，最美不过。房价淡季价格为两人间40元/天（不含早）。四、攻略1、青城山后山风景都围绕着山间的溪水，一路飞瀑和水潭，风景好的路线都是溪水流经的路线山间清幽，不会热。但一路溪水多，路虽然好走，但有些地方比较滑，大家要注意。2、最好的主要在两段：五龙坊——金娃娃沱——又一村和翠映湖——百米长桥——金骊索道下站。从又一村——九僧洞——白云寺——天桥这一段只是爬山，没什么特别的风景，可以不去。3、山势不是很陡，路面也不错，且有两段缆车可坐。从山下到半山有金骊索道，从又一村到天桥有白云索道。4、我个人感觉，比较好的旅游路线是：五龙坊——金娃娃沱——又一村——坐白云索道——天桥——翠映湖——百米长桥——金骊索道下站。这条路线可游览所有风景好的地方，且省去了九僧洞——白云寺一线比较无聊的地方和一次门票（5元）。只是需要坐一次缆车（35元）。如果不想坐缆车也可以从又一村水平沿金骊索道上站步行到翠映湖的下方，然后向上走到天桥再折回。只是要坐两次船（共4元）。到旅馆简单洗洗，向日葵色板官方就沿着江边走，看看有什么好吃的。沿江两岸全是小吃摊，一家挨一家屋顶连绵不绝。夜色渐暗，一串串的红灯笼亮起来，星星点点投射到滚滚江水中，此情此景，说不出的心旷神怡。真羡慕都江堰的市民，这种悠闲的生活是他们的常态，而向日葵色板官方，却是匆匆过客。不过小吃的品种让向日葵色板官方有些失望，和郑州的夜市差不多，都是些螺蛳、大虾、野味、野菜之类的，感觉没有当地的特色。和老公来回转了两趟，也不知道该吃啥。突然想吃串串香。问了路边店的老板，说是市区有一家本地人喜欢吃的“西川红太阳”串串香，于是向日葵色板官方就坐了个本地特色交通工具三轮车，跑了差不多15分钟到地方，花了5元钱。不得不说，都江堰的消费还是很便宜的。端上锅来，二话不说，点串开吃。点串的时候，偶和老公有好多东东都不晓得是什么，左问右问的，汗一个别说味道还真不错。他家的料碟有特色，有两种，一种是香油碟，一种是辣椒碟，就是那种干辣椒末混合了磨碎的干花生，蘸着吃起来很香也够辣！另外发现每个桌子上都有一个蚝油瓶子，不明白干什么用的，后来回成都吃著名的玉林串串香的时候才发现，原来也是加在料碗里吃的，我试过，吃起来有种特别的香味。不过好像只有串串香才有这个，正宗的火锅是没有的，比较迷茫吃完一结帐，一共消费73元。呵呵能吃啊~~~吃完饭，我们又回南桥吹了好久的江风，还看了好多美女（主要是老公看，我间或点评），直到夜深了，才恋恋不舍地回去睡觉了~~~6月15日早上，因为前一天爬山的疲劳，起床已经是快8点了。梳洗完毕，把不需要带的东西整理好，到前台退房并寄存，向日葵色板官方就出发去都江堰景区。走在南街上，天空下着蒙蒙小雨，游客并不太多。向日葵色板官方找了一个小面馆解决早餐。成都人习惯早上就吃面食或米线，基本没有馒头稀饭什么的。入乡随俗，向日葵色板官方要了两碗牛肉面，一小碗焖鸡。说实在的，我俩都是很能吃辣的人，可也没有早上吃辣的习惯呢，呵呵。看看这油汪汪的辣椒！牛肉面5元一碗，焖鸡6元，共花费16元。早餐的牛肉面，这么大碗才5块钱焖鸡，6块([]

香蕉永久海外地域网名

谢泰平

一个人的旅行，自拍就变成了技术活。想一个人自由的旅行，想去哪去哪，但是又怕没人拍照？那就继续关注吧，末尾我会告诉大家我是怎样自拍的~【768楼已更新自拍心得】第一次正式发帖写游记，先自我介绍一下，我20岁，大二，工程系女...15岁以后一直在美国上学，家在北京，祖籍湖南人。我是一个爱旅行，爱摄影，爱户外，爱大自然的姑娘~ 苏格兰的小镇风光比大城市的景点对我要更有吸引力。如果想抢先行看到我旅行的图片，可以上instagram找jackieechen )这次旅行分两部分。第一部分是5.20-6.4游学（边旅游边上课），第二部分就是课程结束6.4-6.15以后我一个人的穷游。我会主要分享一个人的旅行部分，末尾会分享游学时的自拍，和自拍教程~自己十天，吃住行花费400英镑左右。住主要是青旅平均一天20磅，十天200磅。行主要是火车，大概200磅不到。吃全是水果和饼干花生酱。我不是很在乎美食。属于eat to live（为了活着而吃）的人。对于有些live to eat（为了美食而活着）的人就会很难在吃上面省钱了。【照相设备】照相设备：佳能60D, 头18-135mm，三脚架，快门遥控，iphones(很多都是手机拍的), GoPro我爱好摄影，所以设备比较全，但是我觉得技术比设备重要所以一直没有换全副或者上红圈头。免得大家问一个人旅游怎么拍的这些照片，我都是用三脚架支着自己拍的。苦逼哄哄啊没有一个会拍照的男朋友。仔细看很多照片都可以看到快门遥控器哈哈我和相机的自拍一张~行头齐全向日葵色板官方出发吧~我一直想在大学毕业前能够周游世界。学生时代有时间没金钱，步入社会有钱却没时间。这个世界这么大，不去多看看永远只是活在自己的世界里，以为这就是全部。我总想走得远一些，爬的高一些，看得多一些。在以后的某一天，回想起那年少轻狂的时光，花样年华，三月桃花，一个背包，浪迹天涯。老爸总是说我，女孩子乱跑什么，放假多看看书，给我搞上哥伦比亚再说！老爸保护欲很强，但是平常忙也没时间管我。我在身边就会管得严，不在身边就任由我自己。所以放假我不想回家，回了家老爸就不放人了，不在他身边的时候他就不管。爸妈一直很相信我，我这次一个人出去，他们都没有多说什么。反而路上遇到很多人提醒我，一个小姑娘要注意安全，还心疼我天天吃饼干什么的。平常在学校我打工做助教判作业，食堂兼职，一礼拜20小时，一年也有4000多美金收入。老爸每年给的零花钱也绝对有的省。出去前老爸还说打工的钱快没了就给你打点，但是我也没要。我不爱开口求人，钱多有多的花法，钱少也可以活的很潇洒。看，我这次出来，不算机票，吃住行才400多磅！哈哈哈我特自豪。吃饼干我也开心【行程】集体游学5.20-5.23 Dublin,Ireland (3 nights)5.23-5.27 Londonderry, Northern Ireland (4 nights)5.27-6.5 Belfast, Northern Ireland (10 nights)独自旅行6.5 从Belfast做游轮去Cairnryan, Scotland 距离北爱尔兰最近的苏格兰的地方。然后做Bus去Glasgow随便逛逛然后做火车去Stirling（小镇，很有风情）一下午往返，然后最后一班车去Oban6.5-6 Oban (海岸小镇都别有风情一定要去一个）6.7-8 爱丁堡 Edinburgh6.9 Inveness （尼斯湖所在）6.10 晚上回爱丁堡住一晚，第二天一早火车去York6.11 York 早上到晚上火车去Oxford6.11-12 Oxford（可以去Bicester North购物嘿嘿女生嘛无论我多么爱大自然我还是一样爱逛商场，最后没去成，懒得了哈哈）6.13-6.14 伦敦唯一一个提前定了住宿的因为怕旅游高峰找不到地方住几张预告片。明天开始正按时间顺序~ 【第一天】6.5一大早从Belfast做7点多做最早的游轮到达苏格兰最近的地方Cairnryan，一个小港口。22.5英镑，2个多小时达到。我打车去的港口，花费大概10英镑。提前半小时去就好。像飞机一样会托运大行李checkin之类的。不过很快。游轮在direct ferries（订票链接 3w.directferries.co.uk)游轮环境很好，里面有餐馆，购物，免费电影院。里面很大很多层，可能是因为我买的很早的游轮，人也很少。大家都找个舒服的地方躺着睡会养精神。我最喜欢跑到最上面的甲板上吹海风。一个人感觉特别自由。终于一个人出来旅行了我是个很随性的人。但是在生活中能有多少能随着自己感觉走呢。这次我什么计划也没有定，没有提前定火车票，没有提前订住宿，就连要去的地方也是跟着当地人口中的美地而随时变化着。（在这里说一下，如果想要在上一层次的省钱，并且知道自己要去的地方，可以提前上网订火车票或者巴士，哪怕提前一两天都会便宜一些。）简单说一下衣食住行【行】出行真的好多方法。飞机，火车，游轮，大巴。1.飞机提前买也很便宜，但是看不到沿途的风景。尤其是苏格兰，沿路实在是太美了。苏格兰给我的感觉就是一个字，绿。哪儿哪儿都是绿油油的。沿途还有紫色的花，听当地人说貌似是野花。这么美的野花，给一路上的绿加了点彩。2. 火车我这一路的首选。在欧洲，我觉得首选还是火车，方便快捷。**火车通票。可以选择买BritRail Pass，但是必须要在国外买好。我本来要买的，但是到了才发现，只能国外买，英国本地不卖。一张通票，随时，随地hop on hop off。想去哪去哪，免去了排队的麻烦。 **省钱法。但是一定要有确定的行程。可以去3w.thetrainline.com 提前订票。避免高峰期（大约早上10点前）就和飞机票一样，价钱一直在变，要提前订。选合适的时间。这种票只能上你买的特定的那个时间的那一班火车，通票和临时买的就可以任何时间的任何一班车。**临时买。到了火车站临时买也可以，会稍微贵一些。近的地方我都选择的临时买，因为我没有确定行程。一天当中随时想哪一趟火车就上哪一趟。起晚了也没事。往返票很划算，一般往返票和单程相差价格不到一英镑。临时买的往返票，当天任何一班车走，返回的票一月内有效，任何一班车回。唯一一个远途的从爱丁堡到伦敦，临时买的话要150+英镑，有朋友飞机才50磅。所以这一段我采用的提前定。提前订分了两部分，从爱丁堡到York（37磅），York到London（20磅）。York再去伦敦的路上，不防去玩一趟，不大的小镇一日游可以。提前订省了100磅。Glasgow火车站~3.游轮去英国周边的小岛玩啊什么的。这次有点遗憾没有去一个岛玩玩。Oban是个港口小镇，非常方便的。英格兰玩到后面去Oxford时候都懒得拍照片了，都差不多，可能只是对我，大自然风光更吸引我。我宁愿后面不去Oxford省下那一天在苏格兰边上的小岛玩玩。4.大巴大巴很便宜，但是耗时间。在Inverness的时候碰到一个澳大利亚背包客，提前两天买的大巴去伦敦，才20多磅。但是要12小时从Inverness到伦敦。有时间的话，大巴还是很不错的。这张图是到了Cairnryan后一出来就有citylink到Glasgow的大巴。17.5磅，2个多小时到。大巴站离Glasgow Queen Street火车站很近。一路上风景绿油油的。感觉特别惬意。我是一般一上车就睡，但是尽管那天早上5点多就起床，我也不愿合一下眼。苏格兰第一印象，绿油油的。【住】住的都是青旅。平均20一天，伦敦会贵一些最好提前订。我一般定离火车站近的地方。除了伦敦，我感觉英国各个城市都和小镇一样，很小，走就能到各个地方。一个女孩子拎着行李还是火车站近的地方比较方便，而且一般都在是downtown市中心。爱丁堡一下火车站就是最繁华的王子街，全部是购物。伦敦很大，不过地铁很方便。我觉得住paddington附近不错，回去的时候可以直接搭去Heathrow机场的快轨 15分钟到机场，很方便。而且离Hyde Park海德公园，Oxford Stree牛津街（购物血拼的地方）也很近。走路10多分钟。这是在Oban的Backpackers Plus，很干净。这是Belfast的青旅里面的样子。看到下面的小铁笼子了吗，可以自己上锁的。有些青旅会有自己的小柜子或者小笼子。有些被单也需要自己铺一下。我在Oban的时候，10点多才到，临时找的地方，最后一张床...不然我就要露宿街头了。所以后面我学乖了，前一天或者当天早上找好里火车站近的青旅。补充一下【住】如果经济富裕，可以考虑住民宿或者B&B。环境好住在当地人家。这是几个出游很方便的app第一排1,2是查火车时刻的the train line和National Rial; 3是citymapper在伦敦的时候看路，差地铁线路。第二排都是住宿。hostel world查青旅；2是airbnb可以查当地民宿，很想住但是还是节约钱买漂亮衣服吧；3是coach surfing没有用但是推荐下，可以免费驻当地人家，可能是一个沙发，或是客房。但是我没有时间建个人主页了所以没有用。最后一个tube map是查伦敦的地铁线路【食】我主要就是吃饼干蘸着花生酱。其实我一点也不介意，我觉得很好吃哈哈。除了这些我就买水果吃。懒人嘛水果洗洗就好了。饼干1英镑一大包，花生酱4磅。10天后，两包都没有吃完。去了几次超市卖水果，一次10磅左右。大概吃就花了40磅不到。10天… 不雅的说，我感觉吃了就拉了，没啥用，就满足那一下。我不如省下那钱买几条漂亮裙子，可以穿好多年呢。哈哈这是我十天的伙食。中间有买过酸奶，鸡蛋什么的补充一下。但是我对吃的要求真不高。在爱丁堡的时候遇到一个马来一个泰国的男生，听说我吃饼干可怜兮兮的还请我吃好吃的，好感动。还是好人多。【衣】我带的衣服不多，很多青旅可以洗衣服的，这一个多月我总共洗了2次。只带了4件T恤，但是我带了15条内裤…哈哈女孩子的话衣服什么的尽量少带，因为到这里肯定会买哈哈。留着地方。带衣服尽量可以多穿几层的。因为天气变化很快。我带了这些：4件T恤（黑白灰，一件彩）2条裤子（穿一条，一共3）一堆堆内裤3件格子衫一样的随便可以在t恤外面一套的1黑色长袖1薄针织衫1睡裤（legging）1裙子牛仔马甲真的装起来很少~ 来了以后买了些衣服什么的。最重要的是件军绿外衣，不然我冷死了- -出行要带的少又要在照片里多变，就要多带基本的黑白灰内搭。上面一个T下面可以短裤可以长裤，可以半身裙，冷的话外面穿上针织衫，大衣什么的。这边5月底大概10多度。但是太阳出来会很暖。所以尽量多穿几层，热了脱，冷了套外衣。现在终于理解以前看的街拍为什么穿着t恤戴围巾，穿着裙子穿大衣了哈哈。【其他】雨伞/雨衣，感冒药（这边冷，天气多变，备着吧）学生证（有些门票会便宜~）锁（我忘带了，囧）在青旅多人间床铺下会有一个小铁笼放东西，可以锁起来安全。【通讯/wifi】我住的各个地方都有免费wifi。因为离开Belfast以后就是独自旅行了了，所以买了张sim卡。主要是要用google map免得丢了。有网还是很方便的找吃的啊，地图啊，传照片啥的。各种便利店都可以买到，跟他们说需要simcard就好。很多选择，其实都可以，反正就用这么半个月吧。我买的3公司的卡，信号不错，火车上大多都有3G。1英镑Sim卡，最低充值10英镑。是按流量收钱，不过很便宜，我狂用也都够用。【第一天】6.5继续坐游轮到达Cairnryan大概9点多，外面立马有citylink的大巴到Glasgow。临时上车买的票。大概中午12点左右到达Glasgow.初定计划是去Oban住一晚，Stirling住一晚，但是错过了中午去Oban的火车下一班要4点多。买好了票要等三个多小时。走不住的我不到一小时就坐不住了，发现去Stirling的车很频繁，火车站还有寄存行李的地方，问了问当地人说Stirling三小时玩+往返足够。留意了下最晚一班今天去Oban的是6点半左右，我有4个多小时呢。于是我就突发奇想的跑去了Stirling。在Stirling火车站。很小清新的火车站。在小镜子前自拍了一张哈哈。最前面发的站在火车站边上没有行李的那张就是Sitrling火车站。在晚上去Oban的路上，更是一路看到很多小清新车站，爱得不得了，但是停车时间超级短，无奈没有拍照啊啊啊。如果有喜欢小清新，森女文艺范的摄影爱好者可以去啊。从Glasgow到Oban的火车途中经过很多qq的车站，记忆很深刻的是Lock Awe的车站。很窄的火车道但是旁边有探出头的紫色野花，边上绿油油，不大但是精致。这两张是在城堡外面的城墙那里拍的。苏格兰这边很多小镇都有一个小山头可以俯瞰整个小镇，Stirling城堡和爱丁堡都是在山上，可以看全景。在城墙外Stirling往返Glasgow的票才7.8磅临时买的。单程票7磅。大概40分钟左右到。Stirling是个很Q的小镇，有Stirling Castle。拿着三脚架走走停停的拍照，最后只剩一个多小时，没有进去城堡，反正我是打算去保存最完好，最大的爱丁堡城堡，所以就没有多花那十几磅看这个了。感觉都差不多。【第二天】6.6 Oban前一天晚上搭着最后一班6点半的火车到达Oban。全程3个多小时大概十点到。很幸运，火车上有个Oban当地的男生，他在英格兰读研究生，跟他聊了一路，告诉我Oban去哪里玩，可以住在哪个青旅，一路上还给我指出经过的湖还有遗弃的城堡。聊了聊美国英语和英国英语一些好玩的用词区别。比如美国的裤子叫Pants但是在英国指的就是Underwear内裤。当地人叫湖泊loch而不是lake。等等。俩家Oban小哥给推荐的青旅只剩一张床位，正好留给了我这个空降人员。哈哈。很幸运第二天是个大晴天~~这次旅行最喜爱的两地方一个是Oban一个是Londonderry。Oban属于苏格兰高地，附近有很好的登山地方。火车上的Oban小哥告诉我可以去BeninLora Hill。他就要去那爬山，要是我多呆一天就可以搭个顺风车和他一起，可是我时间不充裕。Oban很小，整个小镇就一条主路，又临着水，还有林荫小路。爱得不得了。两个景点，Dunollie Castle 和McCaigs Tower。出发~见镜子必自拍哈哈沿着岸边的路走走停停拍照片，坐在海边吃面包片（peanutbutter sandwich花生酱+面包片哈哈）沿岸风景。哈哈拍了几张游客照~到了三点多实在是热，而且相机快没电了，我就跑回青旅换了条裙子穿。带来了这么久终于暖和到能穿上裙子了。现在出发去小城堡~ 一路上全是绿油油，特别适合拍小清新，森女范儿哈哈路上看见作画的老爷爷，他自己也融入了画里~我想说，没有时间观念的我，一路拍拍停停，到了的时候都5点多了，正在拍这张照片的时候来个人看我自拍呢跟我说话，我就问他城堡往哪走，他说已经关了，10am-4pm。我问在哪我去门口看看，因为我明早8点就走了，他一听让我沿着路往前走他去屋里拿钥匙给我开铁门去了…真是好人多啊好人多。好人一生平安~当当当~小城堡Dunollie Castle~ 好Q啊哈哈，里面在修建不让进。背面的树藤，古老的感觉。小城堡边上奇形怪状的树哈哈从城堡回来，慢慢开始冷了，回去加了件衣服，大概8点多去找McCaigsTower. 不是很远，在小山坡上，在上面可以看全景~ 今天天气特别好，因为白天慢悠悠的拍照片，我也是无意的选了这时候来，正好赶上了落日！超级美！真恨当时没有拍延时拍摄做视频… 苏格兰这边晚上10点才落日，11点才黑天。早上3,4点就开始天亮，一天很长。慢慢天黑的Oban今天多写点，明天要去跳伞...不知道还能不能活着回来【6.7】Edinburgh 爱丁堡早上搭着最早8点多的车回到Glasgow转车去Edinburgh。一出火车站就爱上了这里。古老的城市，不一样的气息。【6.7】Edinburgh 爱丁堡继续爱丁堡街头，拿着地图找Castel进城堡很幸运又是一个大晴天，在城堡上可以看到爱丁堡全景，还能看到远处的海岸。我会告诉你们我为了拍那几张照片爬到城墙上，被security保安警告好几次嘛。哈哈。在这种旅游人多的地方就是管得严，我在Londonderry的时候爬上爬下都没人管的。晚上去Calton Hill上看日落。上面有几个纪念碑。爱丁堡慢慢天黑漏了一张Stirling城堡大门的照片。要睡啦，现在还在美国有时差。明天去跳伞，如果活着回来继续更新~~ 今天去跳伞~我活着回来啦！谢谢支持，不好意思没有时间一一回复大家，只有快快更新给大家饱眼福啦~插播几张今天跳伞的照片~太爽了！在空中飘着，看着远方的地平线，感觉一切都在脚下，那么渺小，时间都静止了。下一步打算考个跳伞证，以后自己跳！！！PS 有朋友问这些是谁拍的。这几张跳伞的照片是跳伞的地方都会有的随行录像和照片。我本来特意买的gopro手腕带也不让带。。所以没办法自己拍自己录。心疼死了一百多美金...不过人生第一次，记录下来也值得的~ 不好意思啦大家，今天一天没更新。因为白天去跳伞什么的。回来整理了剩下的一些照片，先发上来给你们饱眼福，字之后再加把，现在美国这里已经凌晨了，困死了但是中国是白天，不想让你们等着，所以熬夜更新一下再睡觉~我乖吧~这是继续【爱丁堡】的几张这在爱丁堡城堡里面calton hill上面准备看日落【6.9】Inverness继续【6.9】 Inverness这个小镇也很小，很喜欢，就是沿着一条河River Ness好像是。因为附近有很有名的Loch Ness（尼斯湖）（好像是15分钟大巴，不记得了，因为我没去...我知道，跑那么远上去高地不去看尼斯湖不是白去了，不过这就是一个人旅行的自由所在。我后来觉得这个小镇很Q很美，想留在这边拍照，可能去尼斯湖时间就会很紧。打听了一下，那边又是一个城堡，看过爱丁堡的了感觉都差不多。又不想仓促拍片，所以决定不去了）这个镇很绿很绿，让我想起Oban通往迷你小城堡的那条小路。绿油油的，像秘密花园一样。偶尔还有哪些紫色的花。被一片绿色环绕着，原本浮躁的心也沉淀了下来。决定多在这里享受一会悠闲的时刻，不去扎堆看尼斯湖了。沿着湖走，在河中央有小岛！小道上面超级绿超级大棵的树。就问路人Ness islands在哪就好。真的超级绿...适合拍摄小清新，森林系的片~([]

午夜一级在线看极品—级午夜

陈信旭

前提：这是2011年的游记，只是发布的比较晚而已~回答下大家的疑虑有时候会觉得，独自旅行并不是一件看起来那么风光的事。在机场等飞机的时候，在lignon hill呆坐着等火山的时候，孤独的夜晚在legaspi的政府宿舍里看电视的时候，咬着呼吸管睁大眼睛看着紫色珊瑚的时候，子夜拿着手电筒走山路回家的时候，星光下泛舟海面看萤火虫的时候，在饭店里苍蝇围绕哦中洗无穷无尽的盘子的时候，在MRT出站电梯上回头望着汹涌人潮的时候，经常会想到很多东西，关于旅行，承诺，生命，时间，以及所有的一切。我似乎是为了寻找其中存在的某种意义，想要变得更坚强，更隐忍，更闪亮，更勇敢，所以才迷恋一个人的旅行。但是回首时，发现旅行仅仅是旅行本身，意义之类的东西只是转瞬即逝的心灵悸动，我害怕忘记，渴望惊喜，所以，我背上包，第二次探索菲律宾，我钟爱的国度。我希望你不是为图而来，而是用心和我一起体会这段旅行，文字有13000多，如果没有耐心，请不要看了。*沙发couchsurfing指的是“沙发客”，一种通过网络联系当地居民免费获得住宿的办法。D1：我回来了依然是红眼delay航班，依然是怨妇一样的心态，每次旅行的开端心境仿佛都不怎么好，没心情欣赏广州的夜色，翻出《挪威的森林》英文版开始看第十遍。不知不觉睡着了，醒来已经是在马尼拉，打的去了international youth hostel.这里就像是我的家一样，每个向日葵视频色板APP官网生我都认识，每个微笑我都熟悉。在凌晨2点冲进门，说出“我回来了，亲爱的们。”的时候，仿佛时光倒流，一切美好的事情还会重演。D2：我的家早上出门的第一个目的地显然是Intramuros，当跪在教堂的椅子上，仰望彩绘玻璃窗的时候，上帝告诉我，尽管过去了3个月的时光，尽管这世界上发生了千千万万的事，马尼拉还是那个马尼拉，Intramuros还是我的Intramuros，youth hostel还是我的家，内心安稳。每次回到马尼拉，最重要的事情非购物莫属，尤其Makati是我最爱，这次刚好赶上FOREVER 21打折，所有女孩像疯了一样在里面抢来抢去。全年都是夏天的国度，毛衣比夏装还便宜，每次都有一种乡下老鼠进城的感觉，眼睛都看不过来的五光十色。逛完大商场就是Baclaran market，因为青旅在附近，Baclaran market成为每天的必经之地。或许你在马尼拉，看过马尼拉湾的落日，去过各大shopping mall血拼，进过Intramuros的每一座古老建筑，但是这还不完全是真实的马尼拉。这座城市有摩天大楼，有古老建筑，更有Baclaran market 污水横流的逼仄街道，在泥水中嬉戏的儿童，推车卖饮品的小贩，鳞次栉比的服装小店，炸鸡的香味，钱币递出的响声，五花八门的Jeepny，街边鲜艳的各种切好的水果……这个世界真实的一面在彼处，也在此处。晚上在青旅和大家聊天拍照，感叹facebook终于可以用了真是太难得了。D3：没有火山青旅的隔音效果很差，晚上常有很吵很吵的摩托车经过，宿舍里住的基本都是菲律宾人，早上6点她们就会起床洗漱，睡得不沉，就会被吵醒。可是很奇迹地，我睡到10点才起。和一个日本哥哥一起拼车打的去机场。每次听到我说出自己的名字Sukey时，他就开心得手舞足蹈.....在机场等去legaspi的飞机的时间里，注意到一个女生，化着很得体漂亮的妆容，穿MUJI的衣服，看的书，文字是竖着写的。她就是我后来搭讪的山田蓝子，日菲混血，少见的英文超好没有口音的日本女孩，在legaspi的私立大学读书，在飞机delay的时间里，向日葵色板官方聊到donsol，聊到异国生活，被她表扬我的日语没有中国口音，非常开心。可惜飞机降落后就再也没有见到她。旅行中有无数的离别，我知道只有相逢的喜悦才能冲淡离别的伤感。这次来菲律宾之前匆匆忙忙在couchsurfing联系到了legaspi和coron的两个host，legaspi的host Pearl Marian 是位非常善良的大学老师，竟然来机场接我，带我去cagsawa church ，可惜天气阴沉，不能看到火山全貌。一路上她对我讲述2009年那一场台风，夺去了许许多多的生命。马荣火山就在那里，有时像守护神一样，惠泽方圆百里的田野，有时又称为猛兽，伤害山脚下的人。pearl带我去pacific mall里吃了晚饭，又叫她的医生朋友Jay帮我联系，让我住在政府宿舍里，RMB28一晚还是有空调有电视的单人房，电视可以收到好多中文频道，异国他乡能听到中文是非常开心的事。晚上下起大雨，pearl介绍我去宿舍附近的Bicol Blends Cafe 吃东西，第一次吃到云呢拿辣味雪糕，非常刺激！雨一直不停，她拿出笔记本电脑上网，我拿出书慢慢看。背景音乐是无穷无尽的爵士乐，我喜欢这种安静美好

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