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早几年热起来的海岛游到2012年的时候我也跟了一把风年初星星老师就开始约伴,订廉价机票,制定行程,望眼欲穿地足足等待了近八个月后,向日葵色板官方8名来自长沙和郴洲的驴友终于从广州出境,登上了机身花里胡哨的亚航班机,在11月上旬完成了这次为期10天的巴厘岛\新加坡之旅......在巴厘岛上，向日葵色板官方走山观海、浮潜深潜、看日出日落、骑行乡村田园，在享受阳光、椰风、海韵的同时，将快乐传遍了库塔、罗威那、图兰奔、乌布和蓝梦岛......不知道是因为广州大雨还是别的什么原因,亚航的飞机也晚点了近一个小时,国内航空公司因此可以松口气了经过近四小时的飞行,红眼航班飞临吉隆坡 向日葵色板官方踏上马来西亚的土地为的是过境中转第一次接触马币 在宽大的机场餐厅里,,我要了杯马来西亚咖啡,吃了3个中国馒头,当然还是从长沙带去本来准备路上吃的......在这里得呆几个小时,因此可以摆摆POSE再次登上亚航的这种每排左右各三个座位,共计31排,座位有点挤,且不设商务舱的空客320--200型班机这是唯一一次空座率在三分之一左右的航班,后面十几排基本没人因为是廉价航班,亚航不提供任何免费的附加服务要了一小瓶水,收了我7元人民币向日葵色板官方这一路的天气超好,运气也!印度尼西亚是个千岛之国,因此看到的除了大海就尽是海岛浩淼大海中貌似蚂蚁的远洋巨轮蔚蓝的大海给人无限的遐想飞机下降,梦幻巴厘岛到了在巴厘岛的日子里,这种独特的印度尼西亚宗教建筑----我就把它叫做"劈开的塔"吧----随处可见,即便在普通百姓的民居里都是如此 从机场直接打的到库塔,来到向日葵色板官方先前在网上订好的酒店办理入住手续中......等待的过程中,一杯附送的冰镇果汁就端到了你的面前房间不大,却很干净,这在向日葵色板官方巴厘岛的每一处落脚点都是如此,给人的印象深刻除了民居每个旅店无一例外都有自己的小游泳池,放下行李,美女们迫不及待地就湿了身连浮潜的工具也提前试用了库塔海滩是观落日的好去处,当然不可错过晚霞灿烂醉人心这里的沙细如泥虽然不够白但踩在上面非常惬意静心坐在海滩上自然是一种上佳的休息方式在这里惟独不缺的肯定是浪漫!([]
最新章节： 第521章 逆战 （ 2025-05-07 10:29:59）
更新时间： 2025-05-07 14:49:24
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陈雨喜十年的修持，是无言的长诗遇上你是我的缘守望你是我的歌 ——谨以此纪念一段情、一份爱是你，触动了我心底的柔软遇见，便已爱上 十年的等待，只为今天与你一起谱写浪漫的长诗 缘自神游，情定梅里半生浮云，一世倾慕 2006年夏，初次遇见梅里，在飞来寺居然好运到一排山峰全开，由此便刻下了不可磨去的烙印。最爱最爱的是缅茨姆，也许是因为美丽的传说？2010年想要走梅里外转，无奈最终没能成行，从此对梅里更加念念不忘。11年夏、12年夏分别再次去到飞来寺，仰望梅里。走进梅里的念头越来越强烈，今年夏季在格聂的时候就一直在想这事，假期假期。。。幸运之我，得益于多方的相助（人助、神助、天助），梅里外转终于如愿了（此处省略3千字）。。。梅里雪山又称太子雪山，位于云南省迪庆藏族自治州德钦县东北部的横断山脉中段。主峰卡瓦格博海拔6740米，为云南省第一高峰。主要山峰有五座，飞来寺、雾浓顶在梅里雪山的东面；外转路上最好的全景观景点是朗通拉垭口下面一点（网友通常称为辛康拉垭口），此处位于梅里的西偏南，正好与飞来寺、雾浓顶隔了座梅里。在飞来寺、雾浓顶看到的梅里，从左到右依次是：缅茨姆峰、吉娃仁安峰、玛兵扎拉旺堆峰、主峰绒赞卡瓦格博及粗归腊卡峰。缅茨姆峰，亭亭玉立，气质若兰，传说是神山卡瓦格博的妻子，海拔6054米，又称神女峰吉娃仁安峰，形似法冠，也称五方佛峰、五佛峰、五冠峰，海拔5470玛兵扎拉旺堆峰，号称无敌降魔战神，威武雄壮，海拔6365，也称将军峰。在主峰的左边主峰绒赞卡瓦格博，一座完美的金字塔雪山，海拔6740米，是云南省最高峰，更是藏区八大神山之首主峰右边的是粗归腊卡峰，海拔5993，因峰顶平平无尖，仿佛被砍掉了首级，又称无首峰 在外转路上朗通拉垭口的全景观景台所见的梅里，排序正好相反，从右到左是缅茨姆峰、吉娃仁安峰、玛兵扎拉旺堆峰、主峰绒赞卡瓦格博及粗归腊卡峰。今年是羊年，是梅里雪山的本命年，据说转山1圈等同12圈还是13圈的功效，所以今年转山的藏民特别多，慕名而去的户外朋友也特别多。我，则属于巧合加入了这些大军之中的一员。从研究路线到召集到出发，也就35天的时间（当然2010年的时候研究过），过程省去1000字。。。我自然还是想轻装慢走，轻装没有问，但苦于假期不够，慢走似乎很难实现。经过和向导的再三确认，最终定了个9天的徒步计划，其中永久村到多拉垭口（第一个小垭口）、阿丙村到格布村之后的格布拉垭口都是坐车的计划，其余为徒步。实际上，向日葵色板官方前面有两天走了计划中三天的路，而到最后又因为大家出山心切不想在扎西牧场住宿，所以比计划少了一天（全程住宿小卖部，只有一天男生需要搭帐）：D1：永久村—（坐车）多拉垭口（第一个小垭口）—阿色垭口—隆那—永是通—多克拉垭口下的小卖部宿营D2：宿营点—多克拉垭口—咱俗塘—章切路（咱俗塘后第二个小卖部）D3：章切路—作阿江德—卢阿森拉垭口—曲那塘—辛康拉—朗通拉垭口观景台（网上称朗通拉垭口为辛康拉垭口，但向日葵色板官方向导说不是）D4：朗通拉垭口—阿丙村—（坐车）察瓦龙D5：察瓦龙—（坐车）格布村之后的格布拉垭口—（部分队员坐摩托部分队员徒步）达古拉垭口下小卖部（到垭口的第二个小卖部）D6：宿营点—达古拉垭口—来得桥—来得村D7：来得村——梅求补功（第二个小卖部）D8：梅求补功—（部分队员坐摩托部分队员徒步）说拉垭口（垭口下有两个木屋）—扎西牧场—小卖部—梅里石—（坐车）飞来寺，转山圆满结束在此，感谢全体同伴。感谢大厨熊猫、叶子和一健，感谢笑容常开、热心助人的财务梅朵，感谢细致认真的飞毛腿财务驿动，感谢默默干活、坚定行走的花花，感谢被妈妈忽悠而第一次参加徒步的小鲜肉舟舟，感谢出发前两天临时加入、经验丰富的阿成和叮叮猫。因为你们，向日葵色板官方才能平安、顺利、愉快地完成这次梅里外转！说明：风景照大部分为本人之拙作，少部分为队友之精品；人物照大部分是队友的杰作。征得队友的同意而发，不一一注明，在此一并鸣谢！悲催的前奏曲：缘止于此？一大一小两个包，再一个手提袋装了月饼和抓绒衣，阿成看照片说，包包不大啊，我哭。。。直至和熊猫汇合，熊猫说，别人看到我的大包都跟旁人说：赶紧躲着走。。。广州直飞香格里拉，一大早6：30起飞，感谢叶子收留了一晚。在广州早上4点多起来的，悲催地发现不但感冒了，还来大姨妈了。。。匆忙吞了颗感冒药就赶飞机去了，当天直接奔到飞来寺。依然入住守望6740，这已经是我往返合计第5次入住了。飞来寺的晚霞不错，只是山峰几乎都没露出来感冒不但没见好，在飞来寺的夜里咳嗽不断，如何是好？撤？如何舍得！如果仅仅是一般感冒，我不会太在意，但咳嗽让我不再淡定了。肺水肿，在我脑海里呈现。。。难道，我与梅里就缘仅于此？一早，同伴还没起来，我独自打了个车去往县城医院，值班女医生压根没把我的病情放在眼里，在我万般求情下才给开了一针和一瓶止咳药水、一合感冒冲剂，还一再给我说明不要随便用抗生素、不要随便吃消炎药，嘱咐我连续吃她开的药三天，万一没有好转再吃消炎药。万幸的是，三天后我果然好得差不多了。不知道该多谢神医还是该多谢神山？或许应该一并感谢吊针完毕，饿极，来一碗米线和先头部队在县城汇合采购进山物资，市场已经搬迁，不再是12年我逛过的那个地方了中午，全体队员于飞来寺集结完毕，开往永久村。基于胃口极好，我决定到永久村再说。LGG和MK都关心问候了我的病情，在此深表感谢！德贡大桥([]
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林义心新加坡樟宜国际机场航站楼内出租车行驶在绿意浓浓的街道上蓝天白云映衬下的街区 便利的交通、交流无阻的普通话、良好的治安管理、发达的经济、干净整洁的环境、绿意充盈的热带风情，充满活力的新加坡是出国旅游不容错过的观光地。 由于时间有限，很多游客都是跟团旅游，在新加坡逗留的时间只有1、2天，多是走马观花。 其实，如果能够静下心来慢游，新加坡是非常不错好地方。新加坡在细节上让人感觉很舒服，一切细节都是以人为本，换钱问路和交通都很方便。 进入新加坡，首先要达到新加坡樟宜国际机场。樟宜机场相当漂亮，据说是全世界唯一的5星级机场，也是国际上最繁忙的机场之一，给人的感觉是大而不空旷，干净温馨，到处都是绿化，很漂亮。 机场里有汉语指示，跟着指示，能来到出关与填入境卡的地方，机上没填的或者不合格的在这填吧，边上就是WC，这里有各种语言的新加坡地图和旅游资料，可根据自己需要随便免费拿走。这些新加坡地图和旅游资料相当实用和人性化（在新加坡市内，仅一张旅游地图就需要10新币，相当于人民币50元）。 樟宜机场有3个航站楼，t2和t3都可以坐地铁，t1需要坐机场的快客到t或t3坐地铁，在机场乘公交和打的也很方便。 在新加坡住5天以上最好办个Elink卡，地铁、公交、小超市和一些小店都可以用，每次坐车能便宜不少钱，离开时退换余款留个卡可做纪念。新加坡的地铁孩子90cm以上就要买票。 在新加坡旅游，完全可以自己坐地铁、公交或出租车去每个景点，很方便。新加坡的地铁系统发达，互相换乘方便，而且新加坡地铁站许多与公交站是纵横交叉的，可以不出站换乘公交车。新加坡的公交系统也很发达，上下车自觉刷卡就可，根据行驶距离自动计算收费。但新加坡车厢里不准吃东西、喝饮料，否则罚款几千元人民币，逃票罚款也很严厉。 新加坡曾是英国殖民地，开车习惯与国内相反，方向盘在右边，车辆和行人都是靠左行驶，刚去时很不习惯。有一天，看到一辆车里面一个很小的女孩在开车，很惊讶，再仔细看，她是坐在副驾驶上，她爸爸在另一边开车呢。哈哈！ 在新加坡的七天里，几乎没有见过警察，更不要说站在马路边上的“协警”了，最繁华的十字路口也没有警察指挥交通。 新加坡的治安也是国际上出名好的地方，在这里旅游，你会感觉很安全。感受新加坡之一——漫步岛国看狮城 干净清新亦繁华（概述篇） https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2172957-1-1.html感受新加坡之二——休闲小岛走不停 亚洲最南寻风情（圣淘沙篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2182169&page=1&extra=#pid50347652感受新加坡之三——参天巨树生满园热带风情绿无限（植物园篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2231866&;page=1&extra=#pid53500784感受新加坡之四——绿意充盈总统府世外桃源乌敏岛（总统府和乌敏岛篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2253589&page=1&extra=#pid55203314感受新加坡之五——海风轻拂鱼尾狮 流光溢彩夜迟迟（滨海湾篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2255988-1-1.html感受新加坡之六——狮城国花胡姬花千姿百态芬芳开（胡姬花篇）https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2299743&page=1&extra=#pid58352540感受新加坡之七——小印度里寻缩影甘榜格南回族情（新加坡河等篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2322447-1-1.html感受新加坡之九——狮城春节气息浓牛车水里最喜庆（春节和牛车水篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2330106-1-1.html感受新加坡之十——方式灵活有初院 环境优美好校园（南初篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2344728-1-1.html感受新加坡之十一——享誉全球名高校 环境优雅美校园（南大篇）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2354269-1-1.html 从首都北京离开心爱的祖国 中英文对照的新加坡地铁线路图 夜色下的首都机场停机坪 到达新加坡就遇到在国内难得一遇的彩虹天 行驶在街道上的公交车 有的地方地铁线和公交并行 干净整洁的街区 司机在清洗大车车轮，在国内很少见过这样洗车的吧。 新加坡的组屋（普通新加坡人主要的住房，有政府资助），组屋一层供居民聚集、休憩、活动用。 新加坡旅游地图 在新加坡更多的是全英文的地图和志 等车的人们 新加坡有的地铁站带有中英文对照的站牌 等机的乘客 樟宜机场停机坪 樟宜机场停机坪 樟宜机场航站楼内 宽阔的道路车并不多，新加坡有私家车的人较少（政府严格控制私家车购买）。 公交停车站 道路两旁都是绿色 处处都干净整洁 清洁工多是印度人 地铁站多与商场相接，且接的很自然。 商场里可谓玲琅满目 街上的雕塑 精品店 河边的街区 街边的大厦 街边的居民([]
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刘盈甄行走在EBC的徒步线上，四周高山林立。伟大的珠峰、洛子峰、马卡鲁峰、卓奥友峰庄重而慈祥，默默地注视着人头攒动的顶礼人群。我向上仰望，感觉自己犹如井底之蛙，渺小又可怜。 ——记 感谢彪之队，他开扩了我的视野，他提供了我四处游走的动力。 感谢8264的游记攻略，这些攻略为向日葵色板官方合理地规划行程提供了极大的帮助。 感谢留姐、三月，感谢她俩的刚强、毅力和执着，感谢她俩为我提供的体贴、包容、和激励。 尽管向日葵色板官方三个人的岁数加起来已是137岁，尽管向日葵色板官方每周都在一起爬山，尽管向日葵色板官方一起走了许多长线（安纳普尔娜大环线、秦岭螯太穿越……），但向日葵色板官方在路上，仍然有分歧，有争执，但大家能坦诚交流，相互让步，最终让艰苦的过程演化为美妙的结果。 EBC徒步线路简介（地球人都知道）。 从JIRI前往珠峰大本营(EBC)是希拉里爵士登珠峰的路线，这是传统的EBC徒步线。自LUKLA机场修好后，多数人就选择从加都乘机到LUKLA，再徒步到珠峰大本营，从JIRI起步走的人就稀少多了。 EBC徒步线上的美景就是那些世界级的雪山，最佳观景点分散在东、北、西三条线上三个村子，分别是春昆CHHUKHUNG—4730米、GORAK SHEP-5140米、GOKYO-4790米。这三个村子边上都有一个制高点，也就是一座小土山，分别为CHHUKHUNG RI—5550米、KALA PATTHAR—5550米、GOKYO PEAK—5360米。在5550米的CHHUKHUNG-RI，你会感到洛子峰就在你的头顶，马卡鲁峰也比较亲近；5550米的KALA -PATTHAR是看珠峰的最佳位置，黑三角的珠峰和尖利NUPTESE（7861米）异常耀眼；5360米的GOKYO -RI据说是看卓奥友峰最佳位置，我在其上面仅看到半个卓奥友峰，还不如在GOKYO村看的全面，在这看珠峰倒是更全些。 有人说从JIRI到LUKLA的景色不美，我不以为然。诚然，这段路上没有雪山，但滔滔大河、千米瀑布、湍湍溪流、起伏山谷、多姿花木前所未见，异常新奇，美不胜收。 JIRI到NAMCHE BAZAR，距离长，起伏大，天气湿热，这七天，每天都很辛苦，需要日常的体能储备。 NAMCHE BAZAR开始的九天，如果不出现高反，每天都会感到又轻松又幸福 原计划徒步20天，由于向日葵色板官方三人都没出现高反，天气也很照顾（高山地区，少见迷雾，空气透明），结果16天就走出来了。珠峰洛子峰马卡鲁峰卓奥友峰关于图片这些图片全部用图片处理软件的自动锐化功能锐化过一遍。10月6日，Kathmandu---JIRI（1955米） KATHMANDU---JIRI，188公里。向日葵色板官方三人花了9000尼币（相当人民币810元）包了一辆天津夏利大小的车子，在弯曲不竭的山路上跑了近7个小时，到了目的地。途中，留姐如厕，遭遇不良蚂蟥极端骚扰，性感部位血流如注，害得留姐只好向尼泊尔坐店医生一展国人玉体。第二天，我和三月也一样幸运，一只美丽的女蚂蟥爱上了我的小黑手，两只英俊的男蚂蟥贴上了三月那两条小白腿。JIRI景色D1---10月7日，JIRI(1955米)---BHANDAR(2190米) 起步就爬坡，约两个小时到达MALI(2220米)，然后就下坡，约一个小时后，到达喜马拉雅—SHIVALAYA（1770米），向日葵色板官方就在这午餐。这个地方有汽车出出进进，只是不知道，它们来自何方，又各自通向哪里。 午餐后，向日葵色板官方就不停拔高，SHIVALAYA始终在眼前，只是越来越小。爬到DEURALI(2710米)，天就蒙黑了（北京时间20：00左右）。又开始下山，约一个小时，到达目的地---BHANDAR(2190米)，天已大黑。下山途中，我跌了两跤，肯定不是我腿脚无力，肯定是道路湿滑。山上公共自来水经常可见，天热，洗了三次头。可口可了也随处可见，我一瓶都不买，贵，6元、8元、10元，渴了，就喝自带的西洋参冲的开水。 晚上，留姐胃肠感冒发作，心跳剧烈，不能吃带油水的食物，我们都开始谈论后事了---前行，还是后撤。 这一天都忙着爬坡，相机背在包里，没有精力赏景取景。景色SHIVALAYA村口那座桥D2---10月8日，BHANDAR（2190米）---DAKACHU（2920米） 从BHANDAR（2190米）一路下行，最低到了1490米，这时过条小河，沿河到达美丽的小KINJA(1630米)村，向日葵色板官方在这午餐。 在村口，有个检查站，登记护照。三月看了那个登记簿，没发现今年走这条线路的中国人。留姐的病情加重了，气色不好。 午餐后，又是一路上坡，经SETE(2580米)到达只有两家HOSE营业的DAKACHU(2890米)。向日葵色板官方住在比较大比较干净游客比较多的那座黄色HOSE里，店主亲欧远亚，把向日葵色板官方安排在挑夫、背夫住的副楼上。 留姐情况更加不好，一个德国朋友为留姐请来了乡村医生，另一位名叫尼古拉斯的德国朋友给留姐一包药。留姐吃了，病情马上好转，第二天基本康复。1490米处的小河。D3---10月9日，DAKACHU（2920米）---JUNBESI(2670米) 胃肠不折腾人了，身孕般的难受消失了，留姐的精神头就上来了，我和三月的心情也跟着欣欣然起来。 今天的路途虽然漫长，但不辛苦，坡很长，但不陡峭。沿途都是高大茂密的杜鹃花树，三、四月份应是火红处处。经GOYAM（3220米）到达前七天路途的最高点LAMJURA LA山口（3530米），转而开始漫长曲折的下行。下降850米后，到达繁荣的JUNBESI(2670米) 向日葵色板官方住在清静、整洁、惬意的夏尔巴家庭旅馆，三层小楼，外接明亮的餐室、30多平方米的蔬菜大棚。旅馆里只有向日葵色板官方三个人。主人是近30岁的年轻人，是把持家的好手。在这里，我洗了向日葵色板官方三人的衣服，还冲个凉水澡。 下山途中，遇到一群可爱的孩子，那个稍大点姑娘请我给他们照相，看到自己的影像，他们欢喜异常。上行所拍。下行所拍。可爱的孩子。([]
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赵佳颖浮梁八卦形古城坐落保存最完整的清代五品古县衙，曾经繁华梦，万国求瓷茶.本帖精华及主要图片放在帖子后面，请读贴的朋友关注！一块饱经岁月留存下来的砖头也往往比拆掉重建的城郭更让人感动，体制是文化的躯壳，游览过后照亮的确是现在-------------轻松，浮梁县旧县城，自唐代以来，一直是浮梁县治所在。浮梁自古以来一直是“望县”，其县署品级为五品，高出一般县署 2级（一般县为七品）。较高的政治地位是因为其重要的经济地位，原由便是当地灿烂的陶瓷文化和茶文化。（中国古代的三大国际贸易为：瓷器、茶叶和丝绸。） 景区以五品古县衙和千年红塔为核心，浓缩了千年古县悠久的人文历史和灿烂的茶瓷文化，被誉为“江南第一衙”。轻松，谢谢同行的小妖拍的到此一游的留影照片，代表一行5人也谢谢好友明月提供的车辆。 城门楼高 15.6米，由城墙、主楼和角楼组成。主楼座落在8米高的城墙之上下筑券门洞 ，洞顶甚高，底阔 3米多。中部为主楼。门楼面阔5间，进深3米，重檐三滴水，歇山顶； 据称是唐代留下的古狮雕刻，形态动态雄壮有力，动态可掬，这算是这里最老的遗存；巍峨耸立的宋代红塔有“江西第一塔”之称 红塔又名西塔，“西塔夕照”为历史上著名的昌江八景之一。记载了浮梁一千三百多年要事珍闻和浮梁作为瓷都之源的发展历程。 全塔共七层，从地坪至复盆顶塔高37.8米。塔身皆用大型青砖实砌，每层均用青砖叠砌出外挑平台，不设钩栏。 红塔反映了北宋初期塔的建筑外貌和艺术造型的时代特征，是座具有融合中国古塔特殊风格和江南建筑特色的佛塔。“西塔夕照”为古代昌江著名风景之一，若春和景明或秋高气爽，则有“文照胜朝晖，紫烟连霄汉”的壮观。 红塔的历史渊源和典故； 现保留有头门、仪门、衙院、大堂、二堂及三堂，基本保持了县衙原有风貌。整座建筑布局多路，错落有致，廊道相接浑然一体。 江西省景德镇浮梁旧县城始建于唐朝元和十一年（公元817年），距今有一千一百八十多年的历史。这里已发展为以名胜古迹为特色，以历史文化为内涵的独特旅游区。 浮梁古城八卦形的城廓轮廓； 古县衙的建筑具有徽派与赣派相结合的特点，最具特点的是县署里面的楹联，其丰富的内涵，涵盖了封建社会地方官处事方法和原则； 唐代诗人白居易在《琵琶行》中有诗句曾叹：“商人重利轻别离，前月浮梁买茶去”。根据《新唐书·食物志》记载：“浮梁每岁产茶七百万驮，税十五万贯”（这个数字相当于当时朝廷茶叶税的八分之三，为全国之首）。 浮梁古县衙景区地处长江三角洲、珠江三角洲、闽东南“金三角”，长江中游经济区和京九铁路经济带结合部中心地区； 仔细观察会发现，这座县衙的规制有越级之处，浮梁原本只是一个县，按理县官只有七品的官阶，但浮梁的县衙确是五品的规制 古县衙，建于清朝道光年间，距今 170年，占地64495平方米（95亩） 全木质结构，徽派建筑木式结构体系； 整个设计给人的感觉是庄严和轻松并存，厚重与俏雅生辉，建筑艺术实为“奇妙”，同时也显示出封建衙门特有的那种官府威严气派。 体制完整，刑房，兵房，工房均具备；想想现在的公务员的数量，不得不让人心生感慨； “帝制早废，县衙犹存”，“珍贵史迹，进门有益” 这里的建筑院落，充分体现了徽派建筑的四水归一的理念； 衙署内陈列了古代官服、刑具、十八般兵器、讯杖、官轿、夹棍， 五品的县令也许相当于现在的副省级地市级别； 根据《新唐书·食物志》记载：“浮梁每岁产茶七百万驮，税十五万贯”（这个数字相当于当时朝廷茶叶税的八分之三，为全国之首）。 议事厅，相当于现在的常委会议室；([]
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夏淑珍Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evalsuate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
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张嘉湖2012年6月2日，又逢周六，天气阴，我决定从河北省邢台市邢 台 县西黄村镇的前马厂村翻山越岭到后青峪村再到上马庄最后到邢 台 县皇寺。早8点我从前马厂村北侧开始上山，到皇寺正好中午12点。 嗨，一边登山一边听自己喜欢的音乐，那种感觉真的超爽超美妙哦，现在我爬山的感觉很爽，脚步轻快，如同走在平路上一样。上山下山都没有一丝累的感觉。朋友都说佩服我的毅力，其实，登山并不需要毅力，而是一种爱好，一种享受，我爱登山！ 人生是一次登山，沿途有擦肩而过的荆棘刺痛，有粗砺的山岩的拌脚，但这一切均无损于山的光明磊落，山的坦荡忠诚。 人们常常抱怨登山道路的坎坷，登山路途的遥远，害怕山中的荆棘和山岩。弱者在山的前面俯首臣服，不敢上前；强者不畏艰难险阻，涉水翻山。在翻越了大山之后，我发现：原来成功在山后。 山险固然可怕，山路固然难走。但人们同时也应想到：登山道路周围的景色是何等之秀美，有青山翠树的美景，有极目远望的无限风光，有鸟儿婉转的歌唱声，有泉水叮咚的悦耳声。 其实，向日葵色板官方可以换个角度去看待山。为什么不把山看作是磨练自己的工具呢？一路登山，一路欣赏美景，一路磨练自己。待翻越了大山，成功也就在你的前面了。 生活中的困难是一座座的山，要想取得成功，你就必须不怕坎坷曲折，不惧山高路远，努力拼搏，战胜困难。也许你会有“山重水复疑无路”的感觉，也许你会感到精疲力尽，也许你心中会升起后退的念头，但是，“天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能“。你应该认识到成功就在困难的后面，只要你鼓起风帆，坚持到底，终会到达成功的彼岸。 成功，永远在山的后面，牵引着人一生不息的脚步，风霜雪雨，一路踉呛赶去。只有走过一生泥泞的道路，才能摘到芬芳艳丽的成功之花! 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！见到的红布条，路！很亲切！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！遇到一群驴友！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！上马庄村天真孩童！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！上马庄村！沿途见到的红布条，路！很亲切！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！看到了棋盘山！ 行走在前马厂村—皇寺的山路上！见到的红布条，路！很亲切！([]
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