张智钧 88974万字 58875人读过 连载
Honolulu机场窗外的景象~很像一幅画~~拎起行李出发咯~~可爱岛Kauai虽然很小,可是到处都是五颜六色的,让人心情很好~很喜欢这种前方能看到海的公路~~就这么一直开下去吧~~这个场景让偶想到了灌篮高手片头曲的一个画面~ 专拍到了Waimea附近的一个学校,也是咱们第一站要去的大峡谷的所在地~~开错地方了,却意外遇见一片很棒的海~~开错地方了,却意外遇见一片很棒的海~~半山腰上就这么美啦~~可爱岛上好多野生公鸡,忍不住想,应该很好吃~~后面大叔太可爱了~终于到啦~Waimea Canyon, 夏威夷群岛上的"Great Canyon"~现在到哪都拍张和地的合影,免得时间长了都忘了自己去过的地方叫什么~ 刚到的时候雾气蒙蒙,以为就是一个小景点罢了...结果雾散后,彻底被震撼到了~~海岸线发着蓝宝石般的光~山里的一个观测台~~依旧?a href="http//rizhao.8264.com" class="keyword" target="_blank">日照怕繁陗很像面疙瘩的地形~On my way...在这样的山路里行走,一点都不累,因为有很多树,天然氧吧~~天然氧吧~~路途中又见到熟悉的景象~~悬崖边的美景~悬崖边的小树~到达终点~!Spouting Horn Blowhole (可爱岛第二天)第一天晚上住的地方,晚上没注意,第二天早上才发现是这么别致的地方~等饭中~~早餐引来了鸟~~耶,开动啦~~([
最新章节: 第521章 神奇之旅 ( 2025-02-22 08:03:47)
更新时间: 2025-02-22 08:05:42
Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享,俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦,俺先来个免责声明:1。杨同学不认识俺,也没有授权俺,如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止;2。俺没有商业目的,译版版权归杨同学,俺啥也不要,也不承担法律责任;3。没有杨同学授权,不敢擅自发在国外网站,发在原帖处,荣誉归8264;4。俺英语水平有限,欢迎指正,欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分,不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦,希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子,原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co, where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30), 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
江西我去了4次,第1次是2010年11月份,去了婺源,三清山,龙虎山,龟峰,梅岭,云居山,庐山,第2次去江西是2011年4月份,去了武功山,仙女湖,第3次去江西是2012年3月份,去婺源看油菜花,第4次去江西是2013年5月下旬,徒步穿越武功山2013年5月2号开始陆续在淘宝商城买东西,5月17号货全部收到,5月上旬一直查江西萍乡的天气,感觉19号--23号是晴天,另外非周末,非节假日,游客应该很少(在世纪之碑拍照没人争),最后决定5月19号从家坐汽车去安徽淮北,从淮北坐火车去江西萍乡,5月23号从江西宜春坐火车回到淮北,从淮北坐汽车回到家,5月14号在安徽萧县火车票代售点买5月19号从安徽淮北到江西萍乡的火车票(硬卧中铺),19号下午4点20从淮北发车,20号早5点半到江西萍乡。本次穿越武功山路线(沈子村--九龙山顶--铁蹄峰--金顶--吊马桩--白云客栈--赤脚凹--法云界--沈家大院--明月山)先上2张2011年4月份去武功山的精彩图片 本次穿越武功山精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 精彩图片集锦 5月14号在安徽萧县火车票代售点买5月19号从安徽淮北到江西萍乡的火车票(硬卧中铺),240.5元,(外加5元,代售),共245.5元5月15日下午,负重20公斤在萧县龙山子热身5月18日下午准备东西5月18日下午准备东西 腰包重4斤6两,里面放单反相机,电池,移动电源 背包重43斤3两(3升水袋没有装水,1.2升保温瓶没有装水,0.6升保温杯没有装水) 5月19日早上体重85公斤,下午1点21分,出发前在家里留影2张 出家门200米,在交通东路拦电动三轮车,4元钱坐到萧县汽车东站,在汽车东站买车票到淮北9元钱,1点55分发车,2点50到达淮北汽车站,出站在门口,3元钱坐摩托三轮,于2点57分到达淮北火车站马上去售票厅买23号从江西宜春到淮北的火车票(硬卧下铺),230元3点10分进入淮北火车站候车室,人很多,显得候车室很少,大部分人是去合肥的 4点05分开始检票,4点09分到达站台,这班火车应该是连云港到广州的,怎么写着徐州到广州4点05开始检票,4点09来到站台,这班车应该是连云港到广州的,怎么写着徐州到广州 已经2年没有乘火车了,最后一次乘火车是2011年5月份,从徐州坐火车到武汉(硬座),卧铺我这一辈子只睡过一次,2003年从徐州到北京(卧铺),今天要再次感受一下卧铺,上车后,收拾东西放在铺子上 换上拖鞋,把登山包和登山鞋放在过道边在火车里用手机上网看向日葵视频黄色视频,看帖子,晚上也没有感觉饿,省一顿饭钱,明早下火车一起吃吧,晚11点钟,用手机定好闹钟,明早5点起床,5点半到萍乡,睡前用移动电源给手机充满电 5月20号早5点起床,刷牙,洗脸后,把1.2升的保温瓶和0.6升的保温水壶装满开水,登山包的重量这时候应该是24公斤,腰包2.3公斤,现在全身负重26公斤,一切收拾好后,5点35分下火车来到萍乡火车站门口火车站门口有私人车去沈子村的,不过我没有坐,1人包车很贵,我先去车站附近吃早点([]
长篇百余精美图文连载,可直接选择右上角“只看该作者”浏览,感谢!这是一份迟到了一年的作业,2012年的10月8日至21日,我来到了非洲南部国家之一的津巴布韦,短短的14天时间,跟随津巴布韦旅游局从首都哈拉雷再到接壤赞比亚的瀑布城,我在这个神秘国度溜了狮子,也当了传说中的津巴布韦亿万富翁,在这里看野生动物更加原始天然,这里的人民纯朴热情,这就是Zimbabwe,让人会永远回忆的美丽国家。 感谢纳丽德对我的津巴布韦之旅支持,这次旅程我也把纳丽德向日葵视频色版下载带到了津巴布韦,并送给了那里有缘的朋友。 在飞往津巴布韦之前,我的行李箱里一半都是药品和方便食品,因为关于那里的旅游信息少之又少,可在到达津巴布韦之后一路上这些也一并作为礼物送给了当地的人们,因为津巴布韦不是贫穷和脏乱。 成都出发飞北京,北京飞迪拜,最后迪拜飞往津巴布韦首都哈拉雷,中途还要落地经停赞比亚首都卢萨卡,这一趟旅程飞机算是坐值了,不过机票就要一万三大洋,心疼。迪拜飞往津巴布韦首都哈拉雷又需要十个小时,飞机上空望下去总是一片荒芜的南非大陆。 中途落地经停赞比亚首都卢萨卡,降落Lusaka之前飞机在上空盘旋了半小时,整的飞机上人基本都有要吐的趋势。关于赞比亚,后文会重点说一次,现在回想起来还是一把辛酸泪。 飞机上一路我还在喝难喝的藿香正气水,好吧,在进入津巴布韦之前我真的对南部非洲国家很敏感,方便的奈爱扣件,以及飞机上可爱的小黑妞。 在降落哈拉雷(Harare)之前,上空望下去满是石头阵,看来终于到地方了。津巴布韦在班图语中意为石头城,境内已发现200多处石头城遗迹,其中以大津巴布韦遗址最为著名。取完行李并填写完入境表后,一行人很顺利的入境,此时津巴布韦已是傍晚时分。 飞机上那两位可爱的小黑妞,我对她们充满兴趣,她们亦对我好奇,出了机场,终于进入到津巴布韦了! 黑暗之城,这就是我对津巴布韦首都哈拉雷的第一印象,许是赶上停电,整个城市都没有路灯亮,到了酒店倒是金碧辉煌,好不气派,这酒店有个美丽的名字,THE RAINBOW TOWERS彩虹酒店,中国援建的。 到达酒店之后很快办好入住,五星大酒店,大堂很气派,这是鸵鸟蛋,好玩吧!一夜好梦,梦醒时分,窗外,紫薇花开,这便是津巴布韦带给我的第二印象,紫色,满城,而这正是我钟爱的! 十月,正值津巴布韦首都哈拉雷满城开遍紫薇花(jacaranda),到处洋溢着一派生机盎然,美得让人沉醉。当地时间早晨五点半哈拉雷已经天亮,哈拉雷有着众多的美誉,紫薇之城、不眠之城、阳光之城,因为这里一年四季如春、百花盛开,所以这里也堪称非洲花都。 从酒店窗外望去,不远处就是津巴布韦执政党民盟也称公鸡党的总部大楼,向日葵色板官方住的五星大酒店,够气派吧! 其实津巴布韦五星级的酒店房间内设施还不如国内的三星级,国内来的人基本都入住The Rainbow Towers,虽然设施陈旧,但是安全第一,服务也很好。 不过彩虹酒店的大堂还是相当气派的,酒店里到处可见津巴布韦石雕艺术品,在哈拉雷北部150公里外的热带丛林中,有一个居住着八、九十户特殊居民的小山村坦戈南戈(TANGENANGE),这就是巴布韦石雕的发祥地。 再来一组,酒店的无线网络也很给力。在津巴布韦基本都是吃西餐,彩虹酒店的西餐做的很地道,我也见识了这里的人吃甜点居然比我厉害多了。在津巴布韦的中国人不少,但是来津巴布韦旅游的中国人并不多,种种原因吧,向日葵色板官方被这些不同肤色的人拉着拍照,不过他们真的很真诚。接下来要开始正式的旅程了,离开哈拉雷之前向日葵色板官方先去了Sam Levys' Village办电话上网卡,SLV是一个步行购物街,因为街道设计有些欧式风情,且为当地欧美人的重要购物集会场所,被在津巴布韦的中国人俗称为小伦敦。不得不称赞津巴布韦的3G网络信号要强于国内任何一家,虽然这个国家还需要中国援建,但是人家的网络太给力了。 哈拉雷城市内匆忙掠影,可见随处兜售的小贩,这里,应该没有城管吧。 加油站,价格貌似跟国内差不多。 津巴布韦特色,广告树,因为所有的广告都张贴在树上。还有背娃娃,也经常能看到。 漂亮的教堂点缀在城市中,与蓝天白云相映,满城紫薇花开,很美。 经过一所学校正巧遇到学生放学,津巴布韦学生的校服还是很漂亮的。旅程第一站乘车前往羚羊公园(非洲独一无二的狮子保护基地及基金会),津巴布韦的公路类似国内的省道,不过车辆很少,途中即景。 这是最真实的津巴布韦,虽见脏乱,但是却让你移不开镜头。([]
秋天,是个多彩的季节,金黄的草垫,火红的枫叶,橘红的橡树,米黄的白桦,犹如眼前一幅画卷,层林尽染漫山野,色彩斑斓入心脾。秋天更是一个适合出行的季节,不像冬天和春天那么枯燥乏味,也不像夏日那么烈日炎炎,更难得的是,还有一路的美景欣赏。在这样一个充满色彩的季节,我们不户外,更待何时?让向日葵色板官方背起背包出发吧,身体换一身装备出门,灵魂换一种态度回家,金秋季节,去欣赏那最美的秋景,错过了,那就只能等明年啦。。。 人生就是一场漫长的旅行,在乎的是沿途的风景,在乎的是看风景的心情,带着自己的心与灵魂去旅行。。。去吧、孤石自然美、原生态美才是真正美!去吧、走向自然的户外天地,享受生活,享受户外! 美好的东西总是迫不及待想与朋友分享。孤石清新凉爽的空气,碧绿水嫩的青草,蔚蓝悠远的天空,千变万化的白云,绚烂绽放的野花,可爱的马儿,猪儿,羊群,奶牛。。。农家院依山而建,构成一幅美丽的风景。车出大滩镇,柏油路就消失了,取而代之的是比较平坦的砂石路,车速可以达到三、四十迈。又过十公里,比较平坦的砂石路变成了颠簸的砂石路,车只能以二、三十迈的速度向前。路两边的景色渐入佳境,开始的时候两边还是农田,穿过几个小村子之后,两边已经被草甸所代替。终于,在经过了略显漫长的颠簸之后,向日葵色板官方到达了目的地——孤石牧场(孤石军马场)。 孤石的秋天,一路穿行在金黄色的山脊大草甸中,感受秋天醉美的风景与魅力。。。 东猴顶是燕山山脉的最高峰,海拔2292.6米,号称“京北第一峰”。其上广袤生长着高山草甸,远远望去象猴头顶,位于东面,故名东猴顶。东猴顶一年四季三季有雪,一季节是雾;山势雄伟,高峦截云,层陵断雾。站在其上,南望首都北京,北观坝上大草原,方圆千里群山峻岭,尽收眼底。山顶处生长着各种鲜花野草,还有大片乱石窖,游人垒成“玛尼塔林”,山顶西侧生长着满身长剌的鬼箭锦鸡儿,胜似好玩。秋季更是层林尽染,景色如同画中,被誉为摄影者的天堂。 秋天,一个美丽的季节,一个收获的季节,一个浪漫的季节,一个多情的季节。在秋的思绪里,永远是那么浓郁,那么着迷。走进自然,融入自然,让心和静谧的黑龙山融合在一起吧。 坝上草原—京北最近的天然氧吧,平均海拔1486米,以其特有的丘陵式草原地貌及滦河水脉的发源地而著称;湛蓝的天、秀美的山、清澈的水、遍地的花,勾画出四季各异的绝美佳境,孤石军马场便坐落于此境之中。 坝上的秋色是一种诱惑。一望无际的草原, 曲线优美的丘陵,多姿多彩的白桦树林,都刚刚开始渲染秋色。。。 人生最美的事就是游遍世界,世界那么大,应该出去看看。 大滩镇草原在河北省承德市丰宁县,大家也称它丰宁坝上草原。非常凉快,空气没有污染,非常洁净。十一假期白天十七度左右,晚上五度左右。2015年10月1-5日,向日葵色板官方自驾越野小分队一行3车12人,早上730分西直门集合出发,北京——八达岭高速——赤诚怀来出口——赤城——沽源——大滩一线,三日重装扎营徒步探险穿越东猴顶—黑龙山—三岔林场—老掌沟—孤石牧场等,5日全体队员安全返京,结束了十一假期五天的户外活动。在秋高气爽的季节,呼吸一下新鲜的空气,每次去都会有不同的感受和欣喜,在中国的版图上又留下了一个脚印。户外自驾路线:1:北京——八达岭高速——赤诚怀来出口——赤城——沽源——大滩一线,一路非常顺利,路况很好,车速基本在100公里以上,特别是乡村公路,车少、路平、景美,那叫一个爽!从八达岭清河口出发到目的地320公里。2:丰宁坝上草原距北京马甸桥270公里。走京承高速公路-出怀柔口-走京加(G111)路,一直就到坝上草原。 东猴顶一年四季三季有雪,一季节是雾;山势雄伟,高峦截云,层陵断雾。山顶处生长着各种鲜花野草,还有大片玛尼堆,是游人垒成“玛尼塔林”,山顶西侧生长着满身长剌的鬼箭锦鸡儿,胜似好玩。置身于此,俯瞰燕山群峰,细品林壑云沟,充分领略大自然的雄壮,尽享“一览众山小”,“山高我为峰”之妙。山顶前后各有清泉一处,深不可测。清康熙帝因向往此处“层峦叠嶂 ,群山俊秀 ,松桦并茂 ,草木苍翠,珍禽异兽,出没其里。”故将此地划为皇家西围场,以供皇家行围打猎。 有了阳光,就有了光与影,也就有了迷人的景色。 远近的树木,地上的花草,青青的山,都披上了霞光,充满了朝气。 孤石军马场位于内蒙古与河北交界,丰宁坝上草原最深处。拥有20万亩原始无人草场区。孤石军马场夏季平均气温16-24度,凉爽宜人,成为北京游客的避暑休闲地。驾驭爱马,在阳光的普照下,走过田野,踱步坡头,穿过丛林,深入谷底,跳跃溪流,体会勇士豪情,诗情画意。 太阳渐渐升起。 这是上到东猴顶的土路。东猴顶,雄奇秀丽的猴顶山位于赤城县东北部,距县城80公里,最高峰东猴顶海拔2293米,是赤城县第一高峰 。清康熙帝因向往此处“层峦叠嶂,群山俊秀 ,松桦并茂,草木苍翠,珍禽异兽,出没其里。”故将此地划为西围场,以供皇家行围打猎,猴顶山以其峰险、石奇、林茂、泉多和丰富的野生资源而被人们向往。山顶的玛尼堆为登山象征! 秋天,层林尽染,满山红遍,五光十色,大家不约而同为了东猴顶的金秋美景而来。 越往高处走风景越好,远山近景、五颜六色的花草让向日葵色板官方不得不停下脚步,举起相机拍个不停,到达东猴顶感觉自己是最幸福的人,那里的景色是我从未看到过的让我震撼。 秋色正浓。 人们堆成的玛尼堆,每一块石头,都是一个信仰,也是一份念想。在这大自然鬼斧神工塑造的仙境中,向日葵色板官方心中所有的杂念都将会抛之脑后。 峰险。大大小小的山峰突兀奇立,似鹰嘴,如人形,像斧劈……千姿百态。每逢阴雨之前,云雾迷漫环绕山间,群峰若有若无,飘渺不定?“海市蜃楼”般使人疑是到了仙界,最诱人的是登临猴顶山的最高峰东猴顶,极目远眺,百里风光尽收眼内,这时才让人真正体会到“无限风光在险峰”的意蕴。峰顶地势平坦开阔达百亩,绿草如茵中有一泉眼,称“绿泉”,泉水呈绿色汨汨而出,泉眼深不可测,相传“萧太后千军万马也饮不尽绿泉之水”,泉旁有无数石块垒起的座座小石山,苔痕点点,满目沧桑,不知是何年何月何人所为。 石奇。猴顶山巨石造型各异,千姿百态。被称为“大石王”的巨石如苍鹰展翅;“仙人指”如一飘逸仙人举手为人指点迷津;“钓鱼台”曾是名相刘墉和乾隆帝微服私访时纳凉消遣的地方,钓鱼台上棋盘清晰可辨;“风动石”重约3万余斤,临壁而立,仅以两块拳头大石头支撑,山风吹来,微微晃动,真的是惊险绝伦;石人洼的“殉情石人”似一男一女紧紧相拥,更有一段悲壮感人的爱情传说。最具有特色的是有“北方石林”之称的猴顶山石林,独特的岩溶地貌,使石林或独立成形,或连片挺立,或鳞次栉比,让人不得不惊叹大自然的鬼斧神工。 林茂。猴顶山的原始森林和次生林达20万亩,森林覆盖率85%以上。苍翠的松柏、挺拔的白桦树、郁郁葱葱的灌木丛依山势而滋生、蔓延,一望无际,令人心旷神怡。春天,百花争艳,姹紫嫣红,鸟语花香;夏天,万山披绿,千蝶翻飞,飞彩流霞;秋天,层林尽染,满山红遍,五光十色;冬天,千里冰封,山舞银蛇,雪压枝头。 泉多。猴顶山泉水丰富,除峰顶著名的“绿泉”外,还有明泉、暗泉30多处。这些泉水或涌于山顶,或溢于山间可腰缠半山 ,或流于谷底,或高涯壁悬,且泉水或寒或暖各不相同,正是“六月冰雪未化尽 ,腊月也有未冻冰”。有两处泉水,一处喝了要坏肚,名曰“坏泉”,一处喝了能补肚,名曰“好泉”,甚是令人惊奇。小石林下的五、六处泉眼,汨汨而出,顺坡流下,在一山凹处汇成一潭,绿水盈盈,行人渴了,掬一捧清澈透明的泉水,送入口中,清冽甘甜,沁人心脾,顿觉周身通畅,精神振奋。 东猴顶山势雄伟,高峦截云,层陵断雾。引引站在其上,南望首都北京,北观坝上大草原,方圆千里群山峻岭,尽收眼底。。清康熙帝因向往此处“层峦叠嶂 ,群山俊秀 ,松桦并茂 ,草木苍翠,珍禽异兽,出没其里。” 白云再给美景添彩。 金黄的秋色,让人陶醉。 爬到东猴顶,那是一片秋黄的高山草甸。东猴顶上还有成片的玛尼堆。远方那成片的风力发电风车依稀可辨。放眼望去让人心旷神怡。这里的风景绚丽多彩,这里的风光优美如画,这里的感觉如醉如痴,这里的色彩如梦如幻,这里的山水让人流连忘返,这里的景色用任何语言来形容都显得苍白。最值得称道的还它的色彩,简直就是上帝的后花园。 东猴顶是燕山群锋之首(比雾灵山高176.6米),是京北第一高锋。其上广袤生长着高山草甸,远远望去象猴头顶,位于东面,故名东猴顶。 玛尼堆,登山人的汗水和石片堆成。([]
有幸参加2012远征贡嘎秘境——NEXTORCH(纳丽德)探索之旅和蜀山探险彭小龙,紫笛,阿苏,老廖,晓风一起探秘贡嘎附属山峰朗格漫音雪山的攀登,最后因为紫笛和小龙在攀登过程中遭遇小型雪崩,紫笛直接被砸的整个人半空中悬着转了360°,幸亏小龙做了三个冰锥保护。在下撤途中由于和阿苏,老廖分开路线(雪太深突然遭遇雪崩为安全分开攀登)下撤器材不够,小龙和紫笛把所有办法都用尽才安全下撤。最后扔在路线上很多器材。 前几天十一前后刚刚从稻城出来,此次由来到康定看到以前老榆林和贡嘎转山熟悉的一幕一幕,当年走贡嘎的时候高反和带了三箱方便面进山,那时候六月的天气也是非常的美丽(https//bbs.8264.com/thread-417724-1-1.html铁丐一张照片引发的贡嘎转山)现在进山足够的蔬菜和补给,十一月的贡嘎的美景和六月的同样都非常震撼。此次贡嘎的美景更坚定了以后要重走贡嘎大转山线路。此次贡嘎拍到很多美丽的照片期待你的关注新浪 @丐帮帮主铁丐 老榆林大家在苏导的导演下一路跳起江南style,一群开心的朋友经过这次生死遭遇,大家结成一辈子的朋友,有点絮叨了上片吧左起:铁丐 蜀山李波 阿苏 紫笛依扬 蜀山小龙 高山厨师杨二 老廖 晓风点击只看作者就可以直接看帖子 1.交通方式:成都新南门汽车站到康定135元(车站门口有拉人的100元到康定)康定汽车站包车到老榆林或者让老榆林向导接60元面包车。2.路线行程:老榆林--两岔河--上日乌且--下日乌切--贡嘎寺---子梅垭口--上木居3.客栈与户外店:成都武侯祠有很多户外店可以补充装备,气罐在康定也有买,一般在康定租液化气罐4.装备建议:驮包或70升背包,雨衣,头灯,雪套,羽绒服,登山杖,50以上防晒霜,防水冲锋衣裤,防水袋(做好防水准备)六天食物,建议多带蔬菜。5.向导建议:老榆林多吉大叔长期租马价格比较规矩正常是6天按照9天算(因为有回程)注意事项:1、对于长距离行走,最重要的装备不是别的而是自己的脚。保证脚的完好,不受伤,不打水泡是最为艰巨的挑战也是必须完成的任务。2、食品 需要尽量选取能量密度大、容易处理的食物作为主食,比如米、面。另外新疆当地的各种馕是非常好的户外食品,不但轻便而且便于长期存储。另外,携带一些蔬菜补充维生素也是必须的。 建议携带的食品:(依照个人食量按照预计行程时间计算携带量,并留有一定余量) 主食: 米、面粉、、挂面、压缩饼干 路线全程的营地海拔大约在3700---4200要用高压锅才可以煮熟米面的。当然如果你不放心也可以多带一些熟食或者即食食品。 副食:蔬菜(圆白菜、茭白、番茄、辣椒等)、鸡蛋(走之前把若干鸡蛋打进一个脉动瓶子内,就不用担心鸡蛋在行走过程中磕碰而被打碎了)、榨菜(或者其它各种用于佐餐的小咸菜)、咸鸭蛋(流油的最好)、火腿肠等 蔬菜是非常重要的缓解疲劳的食品,长距离大强度长时间的徒步穿越不仅仅需要热量高体积小的食品,也非常需要碱性食品来平衡身体酸碱以及补充维生素。此外新鲜蔬菜在野外长时间的行程中对士气是极大的鼓舞。(谁也不想连续8天每天都只有压缩饼干)生大蒜:强烈建议携带,是非常有效的杀菌和预防肠胃疾病的食物干果:数量不需要太多,主要用于补充微量元素 另外,必须携带一些体积小便于补充热量的巧克力等,强烈推荐大白兔奶糖。带上一些果珍、奶茶之类在扎营时或者午餐时冲泡饮用会是非常完美的享受。即使是路餐,把馕泡在果珍或者奶茶中也会让人吃的心满意足。3、常用药品 6天5夜的大强度行进,身体上任何小的伤口如不及时处理都有可能造成伤口感染并造成严重后果,因此切不可对任何伤病掉以轻心。 感冒药:行进地区气候极为多变,早晚温差大,容易感冒止痛药、创可贴、防晒霜、消炎药、医用绷带,高反葡萄糖和散利疼其它个人所需的药物 老榆林不讲信誉的向导马扎西本来谈好的价格,中途罢工涨价。大家警惕小心此人美丽的康定::“跑马溜溜的山上,一朵溜溜的云,端端溜溜的照在朵洛大姐的门,朵洛溜溜的大姐人才溜溜的好哟,会当溜溜的家来会为溜溜的人……”座落在康定宾馆旁的寺庙老榆林向导马扎西,在此做重点介绍相当不靠谱的向导在进山前讲好的价格在我们快到达大本营的时候,有意罢工增加一天费用才给向日葵色板官方的物资送到大本营,一开始说好的出山去接也反悔没来,还是要增加费用。最后在向日葵色板官方从玉龙西的向导(价格比马扎西便宜一半还多)才出山。希望大家注意了---老榆林的马扎西非常熟悉的场景,又一次来到老榆林水电站,上次也是从这里出发,上次路线因为上日乌且雪太深改到盘盘山,这次终于圆梦不光路线走完全程而且见到了最美的贡嘎出发喽,马上一会主人物出现喽 紫笛抑扬: 极限户外玩家9829;攀冰 829;攀岩9829;登山9829;滑雪9829;长板ϖ9;旅行b29;摄影♥HENIX.ELAN.OSPREY.DMM约运动员知名户外时尚传媒人邓琳,金犀牛奖首届最佳户外摄影获得者,攀冰赛女子冠军,蜀山探险市场总监彭小龙:蜀山探险技术总监彭晓龙,曾获得“2007年度中国户外金犀牛最佳攀登成就奖” 阿苏:把登山当做好玩的人,问他登过几座雪山说不清了,贡嘎一路多次充当我模特在悬崖上,山脊上,才拍到很多好的照片,可惜只是点缀,哈哈哈.苏导的大片视频要在后期才能上。老廖:业余爱好登山者,多次和小龙一起登贡嘎山区雪山本人铁丐:丐行天下云游四海晓风:长期盘守在太行山脉高山厨师杨二日隆镇人,擅长高山做饭和向导老车:观摩团拖着一条残腿观摩攀登蜀山李波:蜀山探险工作人员([]
四川康定贡嘎山各种形式的穿越无可置疑的是国内徒步爱好者最喜爱的路线之一。它以沿线众多气势雄伟的山脉,连续不断的各种高山景色而著称。我早就为之所动,几年前曾花了近一年的时间在8264收集资料和作线路的准备,并在2011年的6月初作了我第一次的穿越尝试。但最后因高反等原因而未能成功。我为之非常的后悔和懊恼。这个情结一直在我的心上。今年的早些时候,我又萌发了去四川西部背包徒步的念头,实际上是个更大徒步计划中的一个阶段。我因此从国外带回几乎所有的背包徒步行装,并花费了相当的时间作线路上的准备。我于2014年6月25日至7月3日完成了四川康定贡嘎山的单人背包徒步穿越,没有借助向导人员和马匹。这条步行的线路为康定县城>榆林村>日乌且沟>上日乌且垭口>莫溪沟>下次梅村>草科村。全程距离大约为100公里。除了一整天在下次梅村的村民忠一家的休整外,其间共用时七天半的时间。徒步期间天气的基本特征为每天都有降雨,没有固定的时间,时早时晚;而且我感觉在白天里比几年前的那次徒步更频繁。从老榆林村至下次梅村,加上巴望海以东几公里均为人畜小道,令我有点吃惊,尽管每天有不少的降雨,但路面却相当的硬实;偶尔出现的泥潭稍微绕道就能解决。至于沿途的水源和涉水过溪的细节,我将在每天的纪实里更详细地说明。我的背包徒步线路和每天的营地或住地。我在2014年6月23日下午5点多钟搭乘去四川成都的火车。我从南京站出发,第二天中午就到了成都站。我出了成都站后,赶紧往附近不远处的成都城北汽车中心走去,想购买12点钟去康定的班车。幸运的很,车站仍然有余票。国道G318与往常一样,因修筑隧道,在这些地方车辆只能单向行驶,堵车耗时很利害,确又无能为力。这样我又花上了10个小时,在下着大雨的夜里来到了康定县城。我随即在康定县城的哈达客栈住下。在去康定县城途中的路旁。第一天 2014年6月25日起点 康定城哈达客栈,海拔高度2554m (手表读数8380')启程时间 945 AM终点 格西草原,海拔高度3572m (手表读数11720')扎营时间 445 PM当日行程 20公里(+/-)天气 白天多云到晴,夜里小雨~中雨。我的背包徒步线路和每天的营地或住地。我昨晚在康定县城的哈达客栈住下,12点钟以后才休息。我早上6点多钟起来,明显休息得不够。我有意再在康定呆上一天,以消除旅途的疲劳和适应高原的海拔高度,但一早起来看见天空出现的蓝天,不禁改变了念头,决定慢慢地走,去更高的海拔进行调整。既然决定今天上路,就赶紧去超市买一些食品,后来证明是多余的,不过最后都送给见到的藏族同胞了。雨季里的河流水位暴涨,急冲而下,势不可挡。不得不承认,现代的工业能力使得其附近的人类文明得以长期地保存。康定县城依旧很漂亮。虽然有很多现代化的建筑,和外来文化的展露影响,但它在很多方面都非常体现出藏族文化的特色和风格。这个城市的格局,气候,海拔,四周的群山及人文等,一直都是我的喜爱。康定市区中心的街道,广场是我每次必去的地方。对我来说,两次来去匆匆,这里的一切都尚未仔细地探索,觉得很新奇,不知何时才能消除这样的感觉。简短的购物完毕后,在回客栈的路上,抓紧留下一些更多对康定的记忆。我以前没有注意到桥上的一组雕塑。它们具有历史上汉藏民族交流的主思想。此时相对于我夏季每天开始徒步的时间已经很晚了。我知道今天的路还很长,不敢多久留,赶紧回到了哈达客栈,吃了早饭,打点好行装,踏上了去贡嘎山的经典穿越。与我在8264所了解许多徒步朋友的做法不同,我从县城里开始步行,而不是从老榆林村的水电站开始。所以这增添了大概15公里的路途。但从缓慢地适应高海拔的意义上讲,我认为是还有益处的,同时又能省下单人包车的费用。国道G318公路进出康定城的这座桥梁是乎是城郊的分界点。看着天空的乌云,心里开始有点疑惑,毕竟是在雨季里。在刚才走过的右手路边上,碰见了一位昨天一起从成都搭车来这里的藏族同胞。在我打招呼后,他也认出了我来,显得非常的友善。向日葵色板官方彼此相互寒喧,握手道别。 离开了国道G318后,转上了去康定新城的岔道。我实在被路边正在修建的大型建筑所震惊,到处都是建筑工地。这一带可能是最后一片开发地区。我不是专家,但一直在思考在这多地震的川西地区,从安全角度来讲,修建高层建筑是否恰当。可能我的顾虑为多余的。与上次来这里一样,人们依然在路边放养马匹,但牦牛已经看不见了。显然动物数量上的减少意味着它们的生活环境的减小,和人类的开发活动的加大。此时道路坡度增加,我能感觉到我的行走速度开始有些缓慢,心里明白我的高反已经开始。不过从康定出来的行走是个慢慢的适应高海拔的过程。我的时间还算比较充裕,即使旅途的劳累还没有消除,只要不下大雨,今天走到预订的营地,格西草原应该没有问。虽然四周的景色依然不错,但这一带的土地开发规模却十分的惊人。康定的确是个居住生活的好地方。希望开发者在完成其项目后,尽量地将环境还原其本色。道路两旁的景色很漂亮,不过在天气晴朗的大道上行走的确有些乏味,尤其是日晒皮肤的感觉也来了。我的腿部和手部的晒伤就是从此时开始的。我十分缺智地假设川西雨季的白天以乌云天气为主,即使是出太阳,也为短时间的,紫外线对皮肤的伤害影响不大。所以在启程前的一两天,我决定不携带手套,和通常在这种情况下穿的帖身长内裤。幸好带着条两节速干裤,等到明天扎营时发现自己的双腿晒伤后,便赶紧穿上了。康定新城里的非常具有藏族特色的建筑。 回望康定县城。很多东西现在都在脚下了。环绕它四周的群山此时看得更加清楚。对生活在丘陵地带的我来说,这样的市镇座落是个很大的惊奇。而左手的山腰上的G318的交通清晰可见。我试着去辨认昨晚在哈达客栈结识的几个骑车去拉萨的年轻人,但根本做不到,只希望他们平安走运。康定新城的生活区旁一组反映当年汉藏贸易交往的历史人物的塑像,应该是茶马古道上的各种生活细节。 这俩兄弟的形像挺逼真的,很有色彩。 不小的队伍。好象比实物都大不少,蛮生动的。那石头上刻的字,"西出炉关" 不知意味着是否当年的茶马古道在此结束,再往西就纯粹是藏区了。康定新城的生活区。我在这分岔路口向几个过路人确认了去老榆林村的路。天热,口真渴,但带出来的两升水每时还必须谨慎地控制,不敢多喝。人的皮肤感到太阳的火辣,平时不太注意的我,尽找阴凉的地方走,但我还没有意识到皮肤实际上已经开始受伤了。 在回头朝康定县城方向看去。它已在山粱的背后了。可能是最后能国道G318的地方。还是想说,特喜欢这个被群山环抱的新城。高山前的康巴大酒店,很有异域的风格和特色。其色彩与背景天空调和得那么粉彩绚丽。想不到来自远方的宗教在这里偏僻的地方居然能够出现。这也充分体现了现在国家对宗教存在的容忍和民众信仰的多样化。又是一个密集的居民区和商业点。其附近还有一些政府的机构。这里是康定新城的边缘。我估量着该是午饭的时间,便坐在图片最左边楼前的路旁用餐。好奇的人过来问我的情况。我如实回答他们。我知道今天的饮水很多,便向一家作街门销售的老板们讨水。他们爽快的答应了我,确实给我补充了很多的水。要不然再往前走几十米就出康定新城,以后向藏族老乡讨水就更难了。所以以后若再重复这里过程的话,考虑到天气,气温,和防止高反用水,我至少要带3升水。从国道G318分岔到去新城的路上后大部分为国家机构,店几乎没有。只有新城生活区里沿途才有几家便利店。我非常感谢给我水的老板夫妇。当然出城后也可以去沿途村里的小卖部买水或向老乡讨水。虽然不如上次见到的人多,我一路还是碰见了好几位老乡,非常的好,肯定会帮助解决水的问的。沿途的乡村景色。沿途的乡村景色。 可喜地看到当地的居民也种植一些农作物,以补充食物的来源。嗨,居然还有车站。我想可能是连接榆林村与康定市区的班车。当然还有小卖部,但我没有上前探询,不知是否营业。路边景色第一次提醒我今后的几天里我所大概要见到的。 路上遇见一位才从山里干完活回家的藏族妇女。她很健谈,汉语也说得很好。我们一路聊了好一会儿,直到她到图片里的这个家,还邀请我有空去"耍耍",用的词汇居然与中原地区的方言一样! 非常朴实真诚的藏族村民!背景为日乌且沟东侧的一座大山。去海螺沟的公路就在它前面的山脚下。我有遇见了一群在地里干活的村民,很多是妇女。在他们朝我看来的时候,我首先高喊"扎西德勒"! 他们也相对地回应了我,随后一阵笑声。他们对外人很是友好。我心里感到若遇上什么困难,他们一定会尽力帮助我的,事实上以后的经历也证明了这点。([]
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