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好多年前就想去泰国，一直没有成行，这次也是受朋友之邀来了一次泰国游。我的坐骑。当地庙宇([]
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程鸿珊本贴图文，均属原创。谢绝所有形式的转载。如有需要，请留言或站短。这是2009年7月的行程了。从自然风景来说，317不如318，地貌比较单一，大部分地段是在高山草甸上行走，不象318，峡谷，高山，草原，湖泊应有尽有，尤其在通过横断山脉那一段时，雄浑的群山看得人心旌摇曳，目瞪口呆。但是，就人文和风情来说，317却远胜318，这条国道，基本都是在藏区穿行，并且，是很深入很原生态的藏区，而不是被汉族同化了的风景区。这里甚至有很多人，都听不懂普通话，从交流上来讲，是种缺憾，但是，从风情上来讲，却是很多驴子求之不得的。这条线游客稀少，甚至可以说没有。玉树-昌都-德格-甘孜-马尔康这一段，我只碰到两个和向日葵色板官方一样的背包客。要去的驴子，可以赶紧筹划了，不要等到游客蜂拥而来时，再去凑热闹。本次出行线路：上海-成都-康定-甘孜-石渠-玉树-昌都-江达-德格-甘孜-色达-马尔康-若尔盖-郎木寺-夏河-兰州-上海。基本都沿着317国道在走。说起来好笑，这次出行，在没有到达火车站之前，我居然不知道是否能走得成。之前一天，破树幸灾乐祸（他自己去新疆的时候遇上75，担惊受怕地逃回来，困在家里出不去，就巴不得所有的人都不能成行）地告诉我，宝成铁路江油段因为连日暴雨，河水超过警戒水位，列车停止运行。而我坐的那趟车，正好要经过江油。这真是出师未捷，心已经死了好几回了。先是新疆75事件，闹得人心惶惶，家人担心藏区也跟着闹，不许我去。于是把眼光瞄准东北。可是筹划了几天，还是兴致索然。虽然东北我早晚要去一趟，但在最近的三年里，它不在我的计划之中。几经周折，终于还是买了车票。准备出发。进了车站，一看，电子显示屏上，我坐的那趟火车正在检票。看来没停运，赶紧进站台，一问，可能要绕道。不管怎么说，能照常发车就好，还是很高兴地上了车。我摸着脖子上挂着的小弥勒。那是大爷去九华山的时候，一位高僧送给他的，我每次出行，都戴着它，每次都能平安回来。我是个有一点轻微迷信的人，所以，宁愿把出发前这一切不顺，当成“好事多磨”。列车在苏南平原上奔驰着，窗外是大片碧绿的稻田。即使隔着窗，也能想象出烈日下蒸腾的水汽。这是我所熟悉的故乡原风景，我在这里出生，长大，变老。可是尚且年轻的心，总是不安分的，渴望去到更远更陌生的地方。所以，一次次离家，行走。到了西安，火车广播通知，改道走安康达州南充到成都。这一改道，原定35个小时能道成都的火车，就足足走了48小时。从西安到安康不到200公里，居然走了大半天，直坐到人崩溃。我从17号早上8点，一直坐到19号凌晨4点半，才算到成都。西部的天亮得晚，只好在广场上等肯德基开门，挨到6点半，天终于亮了，搭公交去武侯祠。在梦之旅青年旅馆开好房，一边先洗头洗澡，一边等船过来。她的火车比我晚几个小时。会合以后，逛锦里，睡午觉，去新南门车站买明天去康定的票，继续闲逛。色达。若尔盖花湖。玉树街头的康巴妇女。路过达州，穷极无聊，拍下窗外的山。成都，火车站肯德基。在这么热闹的地段，它居然不是24小时营业的。为了等开门，我蹲在外面的台阶上，等了一个多小时。坐公交到武侯祠的时候，大约是清晨7点半。锦里空无一人，非常清净。20号，成都-康定一早起床，坐公交去车站。还忙里偷闲吃了早饭，买了水果。上车昏睡。说飞仙关那里修路，实行交通管制，但是向日葵色板官方的车居然没停，一直就开过去。司机小气得紧，不舍得开空调，车里一直很闷热。 到二郎山，跳下车，才发现车里车外是两个世界。成都带来的燠热已经烟消云散，取而代之的是无比的凉爽。二郎山是四川盆地和川西高原的分界点，一翻过山，温度就骤然下降好几度，跟成都的湿热比起来，俨然两重天。 越往康定开，太阳越是照得人睁不开眼，我把魔术围巾拉到鼻子上扮蒙面鬼。车停下来加水，我问洗车的妇女，康定还有多远？她愣愣地看着怪异的我，半天才说：前面就是了，还有18公里。去年其实走过一次康定，但没有停留很久，只是匆匆而过。记得它有狭长的街道，奔腾的折多河，和依山而建的民居。刚出车站，就被一群小面包司机包围了，七嘴八舌地问向日葵色板官方，去不去塔公、丹巴、八美……等地方。船同志想去塔公，她不知道从哪听说塔公很美，中了邪一样非要去。于是打听了下，乖乖，两个人包车得450元，拼车也得80一个人。而且路上得花4个多小时，现在已经是下午4点，等到那里，天也快黑了。而且考虑到川北的班车，都是大清早就发车的，即使是明天早上，还是没时间玩。并且塔公只是个小镇，有没有班车往甘孜，还很难说。加上车站的工作人员对说，向日葵色板官方两个女的，没事最好不要坐藏民的车……前前后后一耽误，时间也晚了，于是买了明天直接到甘孜的车票，在车站附近找个小店住下，20/人，公用洗澡间，还凑合。之后的一路，住的大都是这样的旅店。至于玩，康定无非有个跑马山，被圈了地，门票60。附近还有个木格措，门票160……我一听就连忙摇手：不去不去。安顿好住宿，我先洗了一个澡，然后出去逛街找食，顺便把湿的头发晾干。 远处的跑马山。没上去。门票太贵了。折多河。和绝大部分西北的县城一样，康定也坐落在一个河谷中，湍急的折多河把城市一分为二，奔涌而过。街上行人稀少，藏汉相杂。有人沿河摆了小摊，卖各种菌子，大的小的花的，还有松茸。也有水果，桃子一元，苹果两元，比起上海来，便宜得让人觉得惊喜。便拎了一袋在手里。 仔细看折多河，水是浑黄的，可是在靠边的地方，又似乎是绿的，不由得奇怪起来。继续往上走，果然发现那是两条河汇合而成的，其中有一条，是清澈碧绿的水。问了路边溜狗的大爷，说，那条清的河，叫雅拉河。我连忙问：再往上走，是不是有一座雅拉神山？大爷说：对对，河水就是从山里淌下来的。 找了半天，找到一家小馆子，菜居然出乎意料的便宜，回锅肉12元，素菜6元，两人花20元解决了晚饭，拎着明天在路上吃的水果糕点，幸福地摸着肚子往回踱。路边卖菌子的山民。一条河的两种颜色。21号，康定-甘孜一早被闹钟叫醒，船去洗澡。等了半天，她气急败坏地推门进来，告诉我，浴室有扇窗子对着住客的房间，而锁和窗帘，居然是装在房间里面的！她洗着洗着，看到个影子拉开窗帘，站在后面偷看！我顿时昏倒。我昨天洗的时候，压根没发现这一茬，还笃悠悠地又哼又唱，在浴室消磨了不少时光。我只好祈祷老天，我洗澡的时候，那个房间，还没住人。船又说：他不会带着相机吧？我￥%·#……满天金星。这家的老板，真他妈是头猪。 背着东西下楼去车站，狭小的候车室已经人声鼎沸。一看，康定每天有四班车同时发往甘孜，三辆小巴，一辆大巴。向日葵色板官方不幸坐的，正是其中一辆小巴，并且，是在最后一排，并且，行李仓已经占满了，向日葵色板官方的包得放在过道上。并且，从康定到甘孜，向日葵色板官方一坐，就坐了十四个小时。这哪行啊。我抽身就出去了，东转西转半天，想找张报纸什么的垫在包下面，好歹干净些，但是找了半天，这里的人敢情都不看报的，连个纸屑也没见着，只好在站外的杂货店里，花8元钱买了个编织的蛇皮袋，拿到车上一抖开，正好放下两只包。后来我还很佩服自己的先见之明。要是没有这个蛇皮袋，向日葵色板官方那两只背囊，不知道要脏成什么样了，出出进进的别人的脚，不停地蹭在袋子上，还有坐向日葵色板官方前排的一个中年大爷，以每隔三分钟的频率吐一次痰，我怀疑他吐出的口水，都可以装满一痰盂罐了，保不定也粘点在向日葵色板官方袋子上……额，写到这里，有点恶心。可惜后来，这个袋子让船拉在了车上。这个败家娘们啊。 车到新都桥。窗外金绿色的草原。 最后一排共坐四个人。我好不容易挤进去，靠窗坐下来。小巴的最后一排都比前面的椅子要高，而窗的高度却是一样的，这就注定了坐在最后一排的人，视野有限。座位高了，我的脚就够不到地，只能悬在半空里。最后一排有多颠，坐过的人都知道，而且，这条路，是横贯在川西高原上的，除了不超过五十公里的油路外，几乎全是碎石路和土路……出了城就是折多山。去年经过的时候，从新都桥到折多山一段在修路，整个路面就是一个大酱缸，人车经过，无不被染成灰黄色。今年，据说新都桥那一段已经修好了，换成折多山的那段路被扒了，因为康定在造机场，要把路都换成高等级的。于是去年好好的油路不见了，被挖得东一个坑西一个坑，一路颠上山去。好容易到新都桥，路面终于平坦。车子离开318国道，向塔公方向拐过去。两旁是高大苍翠的林荫道，树木闪过车窗的间歇里，能看到远处的河流、青稞田和一幢幢灰白色的藏民居。这里的房子大都是石头建的，颜色和式样都很朴素，只在窗子周围，饰有红白的镶边。正开着，车子停下来，一问，单边放行。正好松泛一下坐木了的腿脚。路边有草地，权当是郊游吧。停车休息。一个晒太阳的小和尚。等上了车再开，路就变了，尤其是从塔公到八美的那一段，一点都不美，灰大得简直铺天盖地，车窗全部关上了，车里还飞舞着密密的细小的灰，无处不在，一会的工夫，深色的包和裤子上，就落下厚厚一层灰土。而外面的太阳正大，车厢里闷热不堪，简直难以忍受。我全副武装，帽子，魔术围巾齐上阵，把自己包得严严实实，只露出两只眼睛。船没带魔术围巾，而我发神经带了三条，于是分给她一条，同样裹严实。但是晚上到了甘孜，拿纸巾一擦鼻孔，还是漆黑一团。其他乘客就惨了，只能拿手捂着，或者拿衣袖挡着，没多久，就头发眉毛胡子全变成灰色的了。下车吃午饭的时候，车里的藏民全被向日葵色板官方的怪样逗笑了。我伸头问一个男孩：我象不象鬼？他摇头，用生硬的普通话回答我：不象，哪有这么美的鬼。哈哈。过了八美，路终于又好了一点，虽然还是颠，但是灰没那么大了，窗子也可以偶尔开一点透透气了。 向日葵色板官方的车。 接近道孚的时候，两边的民居变得异常美丽起来。这里的房子，都用黄和白色做主体，饰以朱红，明黄，橙红，天蓝等颜色，十分的明丽鲜艳。虽然道孚并没有什么出名的景点，但是我记得中国国家地理杂志上好象提过，这里的民居本身，就非常值得一看。后来向日葵色板官方不止一次地后悔，应该在道孚住一个晚上的。康定到道孚大约开八个小时，下午两点多就能到，正好四处逛逛，拍拍建筑，没准还能找个藏胞家访一下。这样的话，能在车上少颠六个多小时，人就不至于过度疲倦，那么第二天，我也许就不会因为高反跌破了下巴。 道孚一带的山比较平缓，山和山之间的平地也多，适合农作物生长，因此这里的经济也相对富裕，所以，房子修得特别讲究漂亮。一栋栋明媚艳丽的房子，夹杂在绿树青山间，显得格外悦目，是安详的高原田园风光。 从道孚到炉霍这一带，景色都很优美，靠近炉霍，民居的颜色又变了，和道孚民居的轻盈明丽不一样，这里的房子以朱红色为主体，饰以红黄绿白等其他颜色，整体看上去，显得华美庄重。 六点多的光线已经开始柔和，投射在路边的林子里，是各种深浅不一的美妙的绿色。我甚至看到一只小猴子轻捷地漫步在草地上，阳光在它身上清晰地折射出毛茸茸的金黄的剪影。 道孚民居……真正的房子，比我拍下的要美上十倍。可惜那段路，我不停地在打瞌睡，眼睛怎么都睁不开，白白错过了很多拍摄的机会~~炉霍汽车站。上下客，休息十分钟。炉霍街头。车上抓拍，歪歪倒倒，请忽视楼猪三脚猫的技术~~炉霍民居的颜色，和道孚又不一样了，以深红色为主，庄重华美。接近甘孜的时候，司机大约也心急了，车子开得飞快，本来路况尚好，但因为速度一快，后排就越发地颠起来，经常能把人从座位上抛起老高，再硬生生地砸下来，颠得屁股、大腿、甚至是浑身的骨头都痛。为了防止这打夯一样的硬砸，我不得不一手抓住前面的椅背，一手抓住座椅面；一只脚插在前面座位和车壁的空隙里，一只脚紧紧抵住前排座位，浑身每一个细胞都提高了警惕，一有被抛起的迹象，立刻放松身体，跟着车子的起伏跳起，再控制着尽量轻一点落到座位上，减少震动。下车后我回想了一下自己当时采取的举动，分明就是武术的基本功，“马步蹲档”嘛。下车后，我的整个背部剧痛，整整痛了两天才好。问一下船，她也同样痛。 翻越罗锅梁子时，山中的卡萨湖。 山脚的小镇。刚到甘孜，老天就给了向日葵色板官方一个下马威。太阳的余光还在山顶上挂着，豆大的雨点就毫不留情地砸下来，生冷的风直往衣领里灌，气温在不到五分钟的时间里，下降了好几度。好在向日葵色板官方决定明天在甘孜休整一天，不用急着赶路，于是就近，在亚青旅馆住下来，三人间，10元/人，不能洗澡，但是胜在便宜，离车站又近，何况斜对面就有澡堂，走过去也不过五分钟而已。简陋的旅馆里居然住满了人，大部分是喇嘛和觉母，也有汉族的和尚尼姑，还有很多的信徒。我们同房间的一个女人，也是从石家庄特地过来朝佛的，据她说，附近的亚青寺和色达，最近几天都有大法会，难怪有这么多的人了。 同屋大姐推荐向日葵色板官方到楼下的小饭店吃饭，说他们那里便宜，味道也不错。于是去了。一看，只有一间屋的门面，摆着三张油腻腻的桌子，电灯的瓦数明显不够，看上去黑咕隆咚的，生意倒不错，坐满了人。 点了两个菜，等了半天。味道差强人意。第二天换了一家店堂看上去干净些的，结果吃下来，比在他家贵起50%。后来就不挑剔了，还是老老实实回到他家吃。一边吃饭，一边不停地有人进来乞讨。手里捏着把一元的零钱。给了一个，跟着又来下一个。打发了几个，向日葵色板官方也学聪明了，照这样给下去，还不破产啊？于是再来讨，一概摇头：没有。他们倒也不强求，你说没有，就走人。 夕阳西下……22号，甘孜早上睡到自然醒，爬起来，但觉得象被人毒打过一顿般，动一动就混身痛。看来昨天那十四个小时的颠簸煎熬，确实伤了老本了。 出去找吃的，然后去澡堂洗澡。5元/人，船嫌太贵，一定要洗够本才行。于是把换下的脏衣服，也就着热水洗干净了。施施然回旅馆，晾衣服，吃午饭，买明天到石渠的车票，睡午觉，直到下午三点，才出门去甘孜寺。 功略上说，甘孜寺是不用门票的，但的士把我们送到大门口以后，却有一个喇嘛背着布包走过来，要向日葵色板官方买票，一看，票价10元，上面也没有核价的章。好在不贵，就掏了。甘孜寺是整个县城的制高点，站在寺门口的平台上，能鸟瞰整个城区。远处层层叠叠的山峦，青翠的青稞田，土黄色的民居，军营，和军营里停放整齐的军车，把长焦拉近，还能看到他们在打球。 甘孜街头。那一天，好象正是日全食，大雨滂沱，街上漆黑一片，路灯都亮了。不过到了中午，就云开日出，阳光灿烂了。吃过午饭，打了一辆的，去甘孜寺。([]
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冯怡君其实这个国家在很大程度上跟中国相似但它妈的又在很多方面比中国神奇的多09月25日从上海出发飞加尔各答（2天），途经大吉岭（4天）———瓦拉纳西（5天）———克久拉霍（2天）———欧恰（6天）———普什卡（5天）———焦特普尔（3天）———杰伊瑟尔梅尔（8天）———库里（2天）———比卡内尔（1）———阿姆利则（2天）———达兰萨拉（4天）———里希盖什（7天）———赫尔德瓦尔（3天）———阿格拉（6天）———拘尸加耶（3天）———尼泊尔（29天）———拉萨（9天）———上海沙漠小村库里的沙丘阿姆利则的金庙达兰萨拉的金发女郎在加尔各答住在了背包客聚集地SUDDER STREET（萨德街），一个很平民化的地方清晨的萨德街正是劳苦大众忙着在街边的公共水龙头洗刷身体的时候流浪狗也在小巷子寻觅着食物街边的流浪儿早晨的去茶馆喝点印度茶再配一些小甜品糕点打出租车去5年前曾做过义工的特蕾莎仁爱之家仁爱之家旁边的一座神庙神庙旁边的水池供信徒们沐浴到了印度人力三轮车一定要去坐坐在萨德街比较了一下，就是这家兑换店公道一些，人民币可以换到8.3卢比店主也比较好说话喝甜茶、奶昔用的土陶碗土陶碗是一次性用品，喝完一杯后就摔碎掉。。。萨德街的路边小食摊背包客们的最爱要了一碗价廉物美的韩国泡饭因为5年前在加尔各答玩了6天，所以这次呆了2天就离开乘坐夜班火车去大吉岭。([]
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杨莉倩第86页新添多张可可西里的花草。2009年10月有幸参加一次科考活动，连续穿越我国四大无人区中的可可西里、阿尔金山和罗布泊这三大无人区。在此只是对这片人迹罕至的山川风貌的作些介绍,将穿越中的一些花絮与大家分享。 本次活动行程分三段 一、穿越可可西里 时间：10月2日~ 10月7日 计划穿越路线： 青海格尔木—昆仑山口—不冻泉—索达南杰保护站—库赛湖—卓乃湖—可可西里湖—太阳湖—巍雪山—新疆鲸鱼湖 因可可西里的沼泽陷车，穿越失败，被迫返回格尔木 实际穿越路线： 格尔木—昆仑山口—不冻泉—索达南杰保护站—库赛湖—卓乃湖—昆仑山口—格尔木—乌图美仁—老茫崖—花土沟—新疆石棉矿 二、穿越阿尔金山 时间：10月8日~10月14日 计划穿越路线： 鲸鱼湖—阿其克库勒湖-金矿路口-阿雅克库木湖—黑熊山--依协克帕提中心站—卡尔冬草原--卡尔冬保护站—新达坂--吞布拉克镇—若羌—库尔勒 实际穿越路线： 石棉矿—玉树圃保护站—阿其克库勒湖—鲸鱼湖—阿其克库勒湖—玉树圃保护站—鸭子泉—风尘口达坂—阿雅克库木湖—依协克帕提中心站—库木库里沙山—沙子泉—新达坂—依吞布拉克镇—若羌—库尔勒 三、穿越罗布泊 纵横南北、东西两次穿越， 第一次穿越： 时间：9月1日~9月5日 路线：吐鲁番—火焰山—高昌故城—迪坎儿—龙城雅丹—余纯顺墓—湖心—盐湖—楼兰保护站—穿核污染区—旧机场—原子弹爆炸指挥中心—太阳墓地—老开屏—35团—尉犁—库尔勒 第二次穿越路线： 时间：10月17日~10月23日 路线： 库尔勒—吐鲁番—哈密--甘肃柳园—敦煌—玉门关—三垄沙雅丹—金矿—野骆驼保护区—八一泉---库木塔格沙漠--怪石坡—彭加木失踪地—罗中镇—湖心—余纯顺墓—楼兰保护站—楼兰古城遗址---保护站---十字路口---36团—若羌—库尔勒 第一篇：可可西里梦断沼泽 因为大部分人员都没有网名，就由我来给各位起个名吧。 领队：罗布泊工匠，有丰富的高原户外经验， 队员： 老大：全队年纪最大，因调研需要年近60，仍奔波于在荒凉的无人区，其精神着实令人敬佩 蛋糕：个子最高，因出谜语，打一食品，“高个与矮个男人的最大区别”而命名 无波：很有男子气质而名之 法官：推理严谨但更以囊中黄段子闻名 企鹅：一件冲锋衣和抓绒衣打遍可可西里、阿尔金高原，常因寒冷缩成企鹅状 菜碟：小菜一碟，简称菜碟 小胖：可不是我起的名，这是他的爱称。全队的开心果 洙洙：资深美女 酥油花：资深美女 王师傅：1#车师傅，高原经验丰富 小卫师傅：2#车师傅兼厨师，活波幽默 苑师傅：给养车师傅 本人：一头梦中受野牦牛惊吓的老狼 羌塘、可可西里、阿尔金山和罗布泊无人区是中国也是世界上少有的成片无人区，是中外所有探险家向往的地方。四大无人区是我国4个面积最大的自然保护区，也是地球上人类少有涉足的极少地域之一。 以下为四大无人区之可可西里自然保护区简介 可可西里自然保护区是我国目前建立的面积最大，海拔最高，野生动物资源最为丰富的国家级自然保护区之一，被誉为“世界第三极”和青藏高原珍稀野生动物基因库。 可可西里自然保护区位于青海省西南部的玉树藏族自治州境内，东经89&;ordm;25’～94˚05΄，北纬34º19’～36º16。其范围为昆仑山脉以南，乌兰乌拉山以北，东起青藏公路，西迄省界。保护区西与西藏自治区相接，南同格尔木唐古拉乡毗邻，北和新疆维吾尔族自治区相连，东至青藏公路，总面积4.5万平方公里。 可可西里地处青藏高原腹地，平均海拔在4600米以上，最高峰为北缘昆仑山布喀达板峰(亦称新青峰或莫诺马哈峰)，海拔6860米；最低点在豹子峡(昆仑山南鹿红水河横穿博卡雷克拐弯处)，海拔4200米。区内地势南北高，中部低，西部高而东部低。可可西里山和冬布勒山横贯本区中部，山地间有两个宽谷湖盆带，地势较平坦。海拔5500米～6000米以上的山地，有现代冰川发育。如布喀达坂峰(6860)米，马兰山(6813)米，少数超过5600米的山峰也有小规模冰川分布，如东岗扎日(5882)米，冰川总面积达1700多平方公里。 可可西里是羌塘高原内流湖区和长江北源水系交汇地区。东部为楚玛河为主的长江北源水系，主要为雨水、地下水补给，水量较小，河流往往是季节性河流。西部和北部是以湖泊为中心的内流水系。区内湖泊众多，据统计，面积大于1平方公里的湖泊有107个，总面积3825平方公里，其中面积200平方公里以上的湖泊有7个。最大的为乌兰乌拉湖，湖水面积为544.5平方公里，是青海省第四大湖。可可西里湖泊大部分为咸水湖或半咸水湖，矿化度较高。 区内现代冰川广布，冰川总面积2000平方公里，著名的有布喀达坂冰帽冰川，马兰山冰川、岗扎日冰川等，是“中华水塔”的宝贵冰川。本地区有许多奇特的自然景观，如山谷冰川，地表冻丘、冻帐、石林、石环、多彩的高原湖泊，盐湖边盛开的朵朵“盐花”，以及现代冰川下热气蒸腾，水温高达91℃的沸泉群等，有机地组成了其他地区所不及的本区特有的地质资源。 本区气候特点是温度低、降水少、大风多、区域差异较大。境内年平均气温由东南向西北逐渐降低，在西金乌兰湖地区有一明显暖区，最暖区年均温为-4.10C，最冷为最西边的勒斜武担措，年均温为-10.00C(推算值)，最低气温-46.40C，其它地区均在两者之间。 可可西里地区年平均降水量分布趋势是由东南向西北逐渐减少。在173～495毫米之间。本区风大，是全国风速高值区之一，在风力较弱的季节。西金乌兰湖附近仍出现瞬时风速为24.0米/秒的大风(1990年7月9日16时47分)，年平均风速分布由东向西增大。区内的土壤类型简单，多为高山草甸土、高山草原土和高山寒漠土壤，其次为沼泽土，零星分布的有沼泽土、龟裂土、盐土、碱土和风沙土。土壤发育年轻。受冻融作用影响深刻。 区域内由于受到地理位置、地势高低、地形坡向及地表组成物质等各种水热条件分异因素的影响，自然景观自东南向西北呈现高寒草甸-高寒草原+高寒荒漠更替。其中高寒草原是主要类型。高寒冰缘植被也有较大面积的分布，高寒荒漠草原、高寒垫状植被和高寒荒漠有少量分布。高寒草甸、高寒沼泽仅分布在极个别的地区。可可西里地势高峻，空气稀薄，气压偏低，氧气稀薄，只有低海拔地区的一半，烧开水的沸点只有80多度，被称为“世界第三极”。自然环境严酷，气候恶劣，人类无法长期居住、生产和生活，因而保留了其原始的生态环境和独特的自然景观。 本区生物区系种类少，但青藏高原特有种比例大，且种群数量大。据多年观察，哺乳动物有29种，其中11种为青藏高原特有，鸟类53种，爬行类1种，鱼类6种。区内高等植物有102属，202种，其中青藏高原特有种84种，占全区种类的41.56%，其中属国家重点保护的一、二类野生动物就有20余种。包括大家熟知的野牦牛、藏羚羊、野驴、白唇鹿、棕熊等。本区的特有生物种类不但是我国的珍稀动植物，而且为世界上所嘱目，在学术上和自然保护上均十分重要. 以上资料择由《中国国家地理》杂志 2009年10月2日在青海省格尔木市休整一天，作高原适应并作连续穿越可可西里和阿尔金山两大无人区的准备，车子油箱全部加满油，给养车上的汽油和柴油备用油箱也全部加满，准备2桶50L的淡水，以及矿泉水若干箱，馕、面包等干粮，火腿肠、鸡爪等小吃，还有大米、面条，青菜以及宰杀好的两只羊。 格尔木地处青藏、青新、敦格公路和青藏铁路交汇处，为青海西部交通枢纽。南可通西藏，北可达甘肃河西走廊，西可去新疆，东可到省会西宁。是西藏通往祖国内地的重要中转站和物资集散地。 格尔木是蒙古语，意为“河流密集的地方”，地处青藏高原腹地，市区位于柴达木盆地中南部格尔木河冲积平原上，市区平均海拔2780米，全市人口27万，其中汉族人口占83%。 格尔木城雕 10月3日早上一切准备妥当，开始出发，可就在宾馆的停车场，给养的大车在倒车时刮到一旁的小车，保安费了好大劲，才找到车主，看到向日葵色板官方是新疆的车牌，提出要到西宁修理，光来回油费和耽误的时间就开口要1500元，连修理费一起要3000元。一番协商不下，把向日葵色板官方撩在宾馆等候，工匠他们到交警处理，巧的是处理的交警有亲戚是新疆库尔勒人，他偷偷告诉向日葵色板官方不要露出着急的样子，要装作有大把多时间磨泡，最后那位小车的车主经不住拖时间，以1500元了事。可也把向日葵色板官方等的将近中午，才急急忙忙开拔，走上青藏公路的109国道。 前方的雪山就是被称为“万山之宗”、“龙脉之祖”，在中华民族文化史上位居中国第一神山的巍巍位昆仑山。 昆仑山口地处昆仑山中段，格尔木市区南160公里处，海拔4767米 昆仑山口记碑分为主碑、副碑、陪碑、雕塑、底盘五部分，材质为汉白玉。主碑高4.767米,是昆仑山口海拔高度的千分之一，碑底座用花岗岩块石砌成9.6平方米基础，象征她屹立在祖国960万平方公里的坚实土地上。 到了昆仑山口就算进入可可西里自然保护区33685915_1272165201yXHH.jpg向日葵色板官方已办好进入保护区的手续，将要由东向西穿越可可西里。 从昆仑山口行驶不到20分钟，就到聊不冻泉保护站 不冻泉保护站海拔3700米，据说这里的泉水常年不停的喷涌而出，即使在寒冷的严冬也从不封冻，因此被称为“不冻泉”。不冻泉被当地藏民视为神泉。在不冻泉有旅馆、商店，还有加油站，可是没有油可 加 整个青藏铁路拉格段难度最大控制工程不冻泉特大桥，全长2.95公里。是目前世界上海拔最高，穿越冻土层最厚，科技含量最高，施工难度最大，空气最稀薄，条件最恶劣的高原特大桥。 昆仑山脉亚洲中部大山系，也是中国西部山系的主干。从东向西绵亘2,000公里(1,250哩)，西起塔吉克的帕米尔，东至昆仑山口和毗邻的青藏诸山脉——布尔汗布达山脉、巴颜喀拉山与阿尼玛卿山。昆仑山宽度变化相当大，很少超过201公里(125哩)。在西部边际，该山形成中国西部西藏高原与塔里木盆地之间的一个内亚壁垒。北部支脉阿尔金山继续延伸这一山脉组合。玉珠峰、玉虚峰传说是玉帝两个妹妹的化身，是明末道教混元派（昆仑派）道场所在地，是中国第一神山。玉珠峰，海拔6178米，位于青海格尔木南160公里的昆仑山口以东10公里，是昆仑山东段最高峰，南坡冰川末端海拔约5100米；北坡冰川延伸至4400米。山峰顶部常年被冰雪所覆盖不冻泉大桥底看到的昆仑山玉珠峰 虽然还在青海境内，可道班却是西藏的道班，不知何故。 可可西里国家级自然保护区管理局共有5个保护站，其中常年有人值守的保护站4个，全部都分布在109国道边。按照距格尔木（管理局所在地）的远近，分别为沱沱河保护站、五道梁保护站、索南达杰保护站和不冻泉保护站。可可西里腹地的卓乃湖保护站由于条件恶劣，每年7、8月藏羚羊产羔期才开始派人值守。索南达杰自然保护站https//www.xxcb.com.cn/show.asp?id=182950 30 这个没有先例的我国第一个民间环保站,是以因保护可可西里野生动物而壮烈牺牲的原治多县委书记杰桑.索南达杰的名字命名的。1994年1月18日,索南达杰被偷猎者打死后,在零下四十度的严寒中被冻成一尊持枪射击的冰雕。他曾经说过“在中国办事如果不死几个人, 是很难引起全社会重视的。如果需要死人,就让我死在最前面。”他生前梦寐以求的, 就是在青藏公路边建一个自然保护站, 从而遏制疯狂的淘金者和偷猎者。 来自四川的探险家, 摄影师杨欣走过这里, 听到索南达杰的呼唤, 便义无反顾地走上了索南达杰的道路。1984年,“绿色江河”发起人杨欣开始关注长江,15次到长江源头地区考察,发现长江源头地区生态问,1995年倡导发起“保护长江源,爱我大自然”活动。1997年在长江源头建立起中国民间第一个自然生态环境保护站——索南达杰自然保护站,同时开展了系列的长江源生态环境考察和环境保护宣传教育活动,启动了民间长江源环境保护运动。 由于索达南杰保护站附近水源的盐碱含量高人不能饮用，他们每隔四五天就要到三十公里之外的不冻泉去拉水。他们日常生活所需的粮食和蔬菜也要到几百公里之外的格尔木去购买。 每个保护站都配备一辆巡逻专用的吉普，主要用以巡线工作。 在索南达杰保护站看到与公路平行的青藏铁路和巍巍昆仑雪山、玉珠峰 就在索南达杰保护站旁边不远处的叉道上进入可可西里腹地。 15时24分满载给养的红色的东风沙漠王给养车正在离开109国道 离开国道不过6分钟，距离不足1000米，青藏公路上的车辆仍然可见，可可西里的道路就给了向日葵色板官方当头一棒。 15时30分给养车陷入泥潭，动弹不得帅帅龙帅发表于 昨天 2017 | 只看该作者 zhangxiaoyun111 发表于 昨天 2025 ゛偝鮑殪鏃灬发表于 昨天 2041 | 浮云519 发表于 昨天 2329手擀面 发表于 17 小时前 |彩鸟飞来 发表于 10 小时前 |bainian88 发表于 8 小时前 |------------------------------------------------------谢谢！给我信心和力量。先吃饭，晚些更新。 这里海拔4500米，挥动铁锹铲泥土可不是一件容易的事，泥土粘在铲上，黏性很大，每铲一铲都要消耗大量的体力，大运动量更易引起高原反应 好不容易将受陷的车轮后面的泥土挖出一个缓坡，铺上带来的备用木板，两部越野车同时拉牵，有如蚍蜉撼树，大车没有反应，加到最大马力，大车还是一动不 动2#车的后梁都拉了变形，还是一点反应没有，可把2#的小卫师傅好个心痛了 得。 只好就地扎营，在这片泥泞潮湿的草滩上搭起加厚大帐篷第一天搭帐篷，都是生手，在几位师傅的指点下，费好大劲才支起。因为帆布夹棉，顶和两侧的大盖非常重，要六人才能支起。前后廉的三角尖处高度较高，也只有1米8几蛋糕才能够得到 。开火弄吃，今晚可是8月15中秋节啊，可不能太过 委屈小卫师傅也要露两手，来个清炖手抓羊肉。我对羊肉的膻味接受不了，只有远看的份。八月十五好歹还有月 饼充饥 玉虚峰相传为玉皇大帝的妹妹玉虚神女居住的地方。传说，当年玉皇大帝见昆仑山雄伟高大，气势轩昂，景象万千，且离天庭很近，便在昆仑山顶修建了一座轩辕行宫。玉帝的妹妹玉虚得知后，很不服气，说玉帝霸占的地方太多了 ，不仅占了天上，还要把地上的好地方也据为已有。玉帝没有办法，只好把其中的一座山峰让给了玉虚。玉虚便在这座山峰上为自己修筑一座冰清玉洁、俏丽奇美的行宫，而且经常带着众姐妹到此游玩，所以，这座山峰就叫玉虚峰。 玉虚峰下的野毛驴也已经吃饱喝足，远远的看着向日葵色板官方这群天外来客在夕阳的映照下，亭亭玉立冰清玉洁的玉珠峰越发显得妩媚可可西里荒原上的中秋月也迫不及待地早早挂在了 天边 老大觉得和大伙一起睡大帐，不习惯，睡不着，自己撑起单人小帐篷，要单独睡 谁也没有想到，进入可可西里荒野的第一晚居然在青藏公路边渡过，本应要至少越过库赛湖的啊。耐心等待一夜的上冻，明天再开拔吧。对于能否成功穿越也让所有人放心不下。 在可可西里荒野的第一晚，气温极低，我感觉头涨痛，有些高发，但还不是太严重，早早入睡。 第二天早上大家都说有些反映，向日葵色板官方这群人可是都去过阿里，都有5000米以上住宿的高原经历啊。连常年进阿尔金山的给养车苑师傅和1#车王师傅也因铲泥消耗体力多大出现高反。 早上大地结满霜，老大的单薄帐篷能顶住可可西里旷野的寒冷吗？王师傅、小卫以及苑师傅都在各自的车上睡，车窗结着厚厚的霜，车里的气温看来也暖不到哪去 。 也多亏寒冷，将路上的水全冻结，大车终于可以摆脱困境，脱离这片苦海。摆脱困境的大车，赶忙将车调头，向着东方。 怎么啦，大车要回头，不进去吗？原来玻璃上厚厚的霜已经看不清前面，老师傅要借助东升的太阳融化前玻璃的霜花，经验还真丰富吃过早餐，拆帐篷，装车，对着东升太阳，车前玻璃的厚霜在雨刮刮拉下，也可以看清路面。玉虚峰总也不离不舍，伴随向日葵色板官方一路向 西地貌也慢慢变成一片片斑斑的红色 地衣这是不是西游记中唐僧取经路上沙僧被发配的流沙河？提心吊胆穿过流沙 的河流穿过流沙河，是一片稀疏的 高山草甸 在白雪皑皑的昆仑山脚下的这片草原上 库赛湖静静地躺在草原的深 处看着如此漂亮的高原湖泊，害怕陷车，不敢离开巡山便道半步，只有远 望。湖边的野牦牛，距离远而呈小黑点，点缀在蓝色飘带的库赛湖上，勾起多少的梦想 最可怕的是单独一头的野牦牛，这种孤独的野牦牛多为在争夺牛群头领时失败而被牛群驱逐出来的，性情暴躁乖戾，攻击性极强。上翘的尾巴，那是对向日葵色板官方发出了警告，不能侵犯她的领地。1#车王师傅就曾经被一头孤独的野牦牛顶过车子，把车里的人吓个半死，幸亏没有伤人。这回再也不敢靠近，只能远远的停车等候它的离开狡猾的狐狸也在密切注视向日葵色板官方的动向，随时准备撒腿逃 跑在可可西里的几天中，藏羚羊远非如原先想象的片地都是，只远远看见这一 群。花褂子 发表于 昨天 2021感谢楼主的分享_____________________________________________与人分享，自己也快乐。深圳宇宙人 发表于 10 小时前景色优美,壮丽,不过,这类用票子铺路的玩法,宇宙人只有流口水的份哦!——————————————————————————————-——对楼上的单人自驾亮横一纵，也是口水流的老长啊。 沿库赛湖行走3个多小时，草甸越来越少，路越来越烂，越野车子不断在泥泞的路上漂移，越往里漂移越频繁这还是第一次品尝到漂移，感觉棒极了 ！([]
妹子被人脚底
黄彦铭好久没有写点什么了。去了欧洲不少地方，借这次贴，帮大家总结一下欧洲旅游的的大概交通以及欧洲的一些经验。我会尽量把每个景点的德语名和地铁站也给大家列出来，方便以后出行。小囡完结文推荐：我的西班牙情结－巴塞罗那（更新完）https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1263433-1-1.html结束了大大小小的考试之后开始准备申根，如果你在弄欧洲的申根的话，强烈推荐德国，不少朋友第一次都给了3个月多次往返，且每次时间长达30天，这个是别的国家不可能达到的大方。这样三个月内你可以随意去欧洲而不用准备证，省了很多麻烦。并且德国的申根是不需要定机票的。这次的行程是 德国—奥地利—捷克 ，因为三个国家都接壤，所以直接飞去柏林，然后从布拉格飞回曼彻斯特，中间都是火车，个人比较偏好坐火车的感觉，沿途穿越欧洲大陆，看着风景，又何尝不是一种享受。嘎嘎。 具体行程路线：德国，柏林—科隆—慕尼黑—天鹅堡—慕尼黑奥地利，慕尼黑—萨尔斯堡—国王湖（属于德国，但是萨尔斯堡比慕尼黑的距离短）—维也纳捷克，维也纳—布拉格—Kutna Hora—布拉格—Český Krumlov(ck小镇)—布拉格（如果有童鞋想去匈牙利布达佩斯，可以从维也纳先去布达佩斯，大概2个半小时，然后从布达佩斯去布拉格，这样是最合理的）交通：曼彻斯特—柏林，汉莎航空，（这个是中文网址 https//www.lufthansa.com/cn/mi/Homepage）不要迷信廉价航空一定便宜，官网有很多deal，比廉行的便宜，而且行李免费托运一件的。布拉格—曼彻斯特，jet2，这个是廉价航空，不过个人感觉比easyjet好多了，起码不是那么乱，而且服务还不错。www.jet2.com 对了，如果有想欧洲境内飞的，且想省钱的，给大家一个概念，飞机比火车便宜，飞机有很多廉价航空，比如之前提到的jet2,easyjet,ryanair,bmibaby,flybe等，价钱很便宜，但是只能拿一个随身行李带上飞机，并且大小有严格要求，还有重量，如果要托运需要加钱。机上不供应免费的酒水和餐。他们的航线会有所不同。不过欧洲国家飞机最远也超不过3个小时，所以廉行是一个很不错的旅行省钱选择。住宿我是属于比较挑剔住宿的人，必须干净和有免费的wifi，主要觉得玩一天累了可以有一张床让我期待。嘿嘿。住宿我会在下面不同的城市列出来。不过所有的住宿都是在www.booking.com上定的。德国交通机场出来，直接找information处，可以问怎么去你的酒店。他会给你推荐公交还是地铁地铁分为S-bahn 和 U-bahn，当天买天票，可以随便坐。单次的票，2个小时之内随便坐。城市之间：德国联邦铁路 DB Bahn 中文网址 https//www.detie.cn/ 英文网址 https//www.bahn.de/i/view/overseas/en/index.shtml 它还有app，直接搜DB 就出来了， 下免费的那个，可以实时查火车时间，站台什么的，很方便快车停靠站相对较少，主要有ICE,IC/EC慢车停靠站相对较多，主要有RB,RE.IRE有的时候快车慢车可以差4，5个小时，所以提前计划好，当然票价也差很多。天气：柏林的7月大概就二十多度，也可能是那两天天阴，有雨，带外套是必须的。火车上的空调一般都是很足的。初到柏林，得瑟一下，嘎嘎。勃兰登堡门﹙Brandenburger Tor﹚ 也称凯旋门，是柏林的志，位于东西柏林分界线上。是柏林第一座古典主义建筑物。地址：Pariser Platz 11017 Berlin地铁：Brandenburger Tor站胜利柱 Siegessäule勃兰登堡门背对着可以看到也可以乘地铁到Hansaplatz站勃兰登堡门正对着的就是菩提树下大街 Unter den Linden延着这条街一直走下去，可以到柏林大教堂和柏林博物馆岛，Museuminsel由老博物馆(Altes Museum)，在它前面伸展着卢斯特花园。最北端是新博物馆(Neues Museum)和老国家艺术画廊(Alte Nationalgalerie)。面向西侧的是佩加蒙博物馆(Pergamonmuseum)，最外侧的是博德博物馆(Bodemuseum)，组成。地址： Unter den Linden/Am Kupfergraben 10178 Berlin Mitte地铁：Friedrichstraße站柏林大教堂Berliner Dom 仿造罗马的彼得大教堂，具有意大利文艺复兴盛期和巴罗风格。地址：Am Lustgarten 10178 Berlin Mitte地铁：Hackescher Markt站柏林国会大厦 REIchstag 国会大厦不仅是联邦议会的所在地，它屋顶的穹形玻璃圆顶也是俯瞰城市全貌的很好选择，和勃兰登堡门很近。地址：Platz der Republik 1,11011 Berlin Tiergarten地铁：Brandengburger Tor站远处不需要门票，如果要去玻璃顶要提前预约拿门票，一直到晚上8点也可以。门票是免费的。波茨坦广场 Potsdamer Platz 是新柏林的象征，DB，购物中心，索尼中心，都集中在这里。最有名的就是柏林电影节走的星光大道也在这里地铁：Potsdamer Platz站星光大道柏林墙 Berliner Maues不知道是什么节日还是政要会首，向日葵色板官方正好碰上德国总理默克尔阅兵，还蛮幸运，只拍了一个背影最后，附一张德国柏林的地铁图 德国的总火车站都是Hauptbahnhof，简称hbf，买车票的时候要选车站，可以用到。科隆 其实火车站一出来就是科隆大教堂，如果只看这个，不打算莱茵河坐船游的话就没有必要住了。住宿：XII Apostel Albergohttps//www.booking.com/hotel/de/xii-apostel-albergo.en-gb.html?sid=a8a14747e6a0b49920eb3df0546e1b64;dcid=2条件还是不错的，地理位置也很好，晚上比较热闹，但是偏贵。交通科隆没有多大，景点也差不多在一起，走路就够了，没有必要买什么地铁票。天气明显比柏林热太多了，柏林还是长裤，到了科隆立马短裤。科隆大教堂 一出火车站就看到了，闻名世界的科隆大教堂 ([]
道口烧鸡铺在线观看免费版
赵如彦Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享，俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦，俺先来个免责声明：1。杨同学不认识俺，也没有授权俺，如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止；2。俺没有商业目的，译版版权归杨同学，俺啥也不要，也不承担法律责任；3。没有杨同学授权，不敢擅自发在国外网站，发在原帖处，荣誉归8264；4。俺英语水平有限，欢迎指正，欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分，不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦，希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子，原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co， where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the locations of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30)， 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give bir
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李正乔世界最高的地方在哪里？——阿里世间最纯洁的地方在哪里？——阿里如果你想感受天地的宽广，时间的永恒，去阿里吧！如果你想与苍穹对话，与日月共生，去阿里吧！2010年6月，向日葵色板官方，把身影留在阿里；向日葵色板官方，将欢笑撒在阿里！ 向日葵色板官方曾徜徉于一个又一个美妙的错畔...... 我们曾静静遥望雄壮的喜玛拉雅山脉...... 向日葵色板官方曾用双脚丈量高山的尺度...... 我们曾用心灵阅读历史的深遂...... 向日葵色板官方迎来一个又一个日出...... 向日葵色板官方送走一片又一片余辉...... 阿里的天地永远是那样宽广...... 阿里的世界永远是那样律动...... 让向日葵色板官方带你走进阿里的视界......故事就此展开......出场人物：（排名不分先后）老王，北京人，脸上总是乐呵呵的，全程同向日葵色板官方转山，令向日葵色板官方非常佩服...... 单车，江苏人，头一次进藏就选择了阿里，竟然从头到尾没有任何高反症状，非凡人也......（此照片为赤脚立于班公错内） 火火，现居上海，别看身材娇小，可体力超群，令人望尘莫及啊...... ECCO，现居上海，糕点专家，你说将来在上海请向日葵色板官方吃你亲手做的蛋糕噢......（此照片为托蛋糕式）老唐，北京人，策划此次阿里之行功不可莫，再次谢谢啦......（此照片为红豆蝇自拍版） 小光，北京人，此行阿里竟然没有带厚手套、厚帽子，转山岗仁波齐我俩一人一只手套......（此照片为5630米卓玛拉山口）小明，我，此行阿里的召集人，希望大家还满意我设计的行程哈...... 开篇及人物介绍： 1页——2页具体行程安排：6月15日——6月19日：各路人马拉萨集结，就行程做最后讨论，采购物资，与司机见面，验车，合同6月20日：拉萨——羊湖——江孜——日喀则 3页——6页6月21日：日喀则——萨迦——拉孜——新定日 6页——9页6月22日：新定日——希夏邦马——佩枯错——萨嘎——新仲巴 10页——14页6月23日：新仲巴——帕羊——马悠木拉山——霍尔——齐乌寺（玛旁雍措畔） 14页——20页6月24日：齐乌寺——普兰 20页——24页6月25日：普兰——塔钦——开始转山——止热寺（转山第一天） 25页——30页6月26日：止热寺——卓玛拉山口——塔钦（转山第二天） 31页——40页6月27日：塔钦——巴尔兵站——札达 40页——45页6月28日：札达——古格遗址——那木如——狮泉河 45页——55页6月29日：狮泉河——班公措——狮泉河 56页——62页6月30日：狮泉河——革吉——改则 63页——66页7月1日： 改则——洞错——措勤（扎日南木错日落） 69页——73页7月2日： 措勤——当惹庸错——当穷错——尼玛（慎走此路） 73页——78页7月3日： 尼玛——色林错——班戈 78页——80页7月4日： 班戈——巴木错——纳木错——拉萨 80页——81页后记： 81页——82页 此次阿里之行的几大亮点：1 冈仁波齐转山 冈仁波齐风景壮美，转山路线成熟，补给相对容易，如果身体状况尚可，建议去阿里的朋友一定不要错过噢！2 阿里地区的美错 阿里地区的错实在太多了，一个比一个漂亮，让人目不暇接，惊喜连连！我们一致认定藏北羌塘草原的当惹庸错拔得头筹！3 阿里地区的野生动植物资源 阿里地区是野生动物的乐园，此次阿里之行让向日葵色板官方大饱眼福，同时也再次增强向日葵色板官方保护环境，保护野生动物的意识！ 6月20日：拉萨——羊湖——卡若拉冰川——满拉水库——江孜——日喀则 小雨转晴天出发时间：8点到达时间：18点路况信息：全程柏油路，路况非常好今天是出发的第一天，早早就起床了。呀！下雨了！只见天空阴沉沉的，雨水将往日的拉萨冲刷的有些模糊。出发的日子竟然下雨，心中不免有些懊恼！车子驶出拉萨，沿拉萨河向南行进。......远处的岗巴拉垭口方向，天空好像露出了些许的蓝色，是错觉么？天空会不会放晴呢？不一会儿，车子驶到雅鲁藏布江畔。由于天气的原因，此刻的雅江没有了往日的清澈，江水泛着泥沙般地的灰色，不过宽阔的河床还是让人看着很舒畅！天空真的开始有变化了！云的防线被瓦解了。厚厚的云层被风无情的撕开了几个小口子，蓝天露了出来。开始翻岗巴拉垭口了！这已经是我第三次来这里了，山还是同样的山，路也依旧是同样的路，但此行的目的地却是我向往已久的阿里地区，噢耶！随着海拔的升高，前方的垭口越来越近，而身后的雅江河谷越来越渺小。人生就像这山与谷，总有高潮和低谷！到垭口了。今年开始羊湖开始收门票了，40元/人。在羊湖两头的必经之地，有专人把守，想逃票？希望不大！羊湖依旧没有变，只是收门票多了些商业味道......天气确实在渐渐转好，我们的运气还是不错的噢！阳光射了下来，湖面也渐渐的有了些许的层次，不过远处的宁金抗沙峰依旧躲在云层中。 拉近看看即将走的路...... 车子顺车道下行，顺着羊湖畔向浪卡子方向前进。在高处俯视羊湖和在岸边平视羊湖的感觉有很大的不同。俯视，统揽全局；平观，品味细节。羊湖的海拔4441米，我们在岸边找到了羊湖的志，赶紧拍照！此时的天空已经完全放晴！看来俗语说的对：高原多夜雨啊！羊湖也开始展现它绚烂的一面——蓝色尽情绽放！ 如果可以给我一顶帐篷，我想我一定会在这里头枕波涛甜美的睡上一觉......([]
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