陈致希 52418万字 33831人读过 连载
去了很多地方旅行,第一次在这里发帖子。请支持新人~~~ 三年前就知道帕劳这个地方,但那时候非常贵,去一趟一个人至少要两三万,元旦节突然发现降价,而且又开通了香港到帕劳的国际航班,于是我毫不考虑的选择了这个地方。 估计知道帕劳的人很少很少,所以这篇游记的文字写得稍微详细一点,为以后想去的朋友做个参考。 绝大多数照片出自于防水卡片机,水中照相难度大,效果一般,请见谅。 真实看到的好于照片十倍百倍!想问个问,怎么才能把照片弄小点呢。太大了感觉不太好看啊一、帕劳介绍 帕劳共和国(Palau),台湾人称他为帛琉,是太平洋上的岛国,是太平洋进入东南亚的门户之一。帕劳由大岛(Babeldaob),科罗岛(Koror),贝里琉岛(Peleliu),安佳岛(Angaur)等主要岛屿,北边一些环状珊瑚岛,以及西边的洛克群岛(Rock Islands)组成。 1994年10月1日从美国的托管统治下独立。 全国常驻人口只有2万人。 帕劳大大小小340个火山岛和珊瑚岛中只有8个岛有常住居民。群岛分布在南北长640公里的海面上,全国海岸线长达1519公里。到这里来的外国人多半都是为了领略热带海洋风光,摇曳的棕榈树,温和的海风,银白的沙滩,还有水下奇观。这里是著名的潜水圣地。 世界上最权威的《美国国家地理杂志》在《人一生要去的50个地方》里,把帕劳列为了“人间天堂”类之首,超过了希腊、塞舌尔、马尔代夫。 书里是这么形容帕劳的:如果你向往真正纯净的海水,那么帕劳便是你寻找的世外桃源。帕劳的洛克群岛是太平洋最纯净的海洋生态系统之一,免遭工业污染的最后净土。不论是艳阳高照的白天,还是温润可人的夜晚,你都可以走在雪白细腻的沙滩上,感受世上最最清澈透明的海水。这里的海水有一种奇异的蓝绿色,那样纯净而又诡异,让人不敢相信,不敢触碰,只怕一伸手便打破了眼前的美梦。在帕劳,你会重新学到什么是海,什么是地,什么是光,什么是热。炽热的空气,清凉的海水,在这里,忘记自己,忘记外面的世界实在不是件困难的事。上帝创造帕劳似乎就是为了显示自己能够创造出一个多么美妙的世界。 终于弄明白了,原来是要把图片的尺寸改得很小很小。可以继续发下去了!二、帕劳旅游感受 普吉岛、长滩岛、沙巴、塞班、马尔代夫、大堡礁、塞舌尔、毛里求斯、帕劳、夏威夷……(三亚和这些地方不是一个档次,毫无性价比可言,恕不再提)。。。世界上有很多很多玩海的地方,从我去过和平时了解的情况来发表一点个人见解。 普吉、长滩、沙巴(势巴丹除外)等地因为价格经济,离中国较近,所以人特别多,海水也受到一定程度的污染。塞班价格较高,游玩方式单一,可玩性不强。 马尔代夫海景绝美,住宿条件非常好。但马尔代夫的游玩方式也很单一,每天都只能在同一个岛上,只能在同一小片海域潜水,能够看到的东西非常有限,适合追求休闲安逸的情侣、老人。 大堡礁、塞舌尔、毛里求斯……没有去过,海水肯定没得说,大堡礁在看珊瑚和鱼类上应该能胜过帕劳,在此暂不作评价。 帕劳,我觉得如果把马尔代夫算作奢侈休闲游的话,帕劳就应该归类为户外游。在帕劳的整个旅行过程中,几乎不能穿得漂漂亮亮去照相,几乎没有地方可以购物,绝大多数时间都是被海水泡得蓬头垢面,绝无形象可言,而且一整天的水上活动对体力和抗晒能力也是一种挑战。帕劳水下生物的种类位列全世界前列,被誉为“上帝的水族箱”,是一个非常适合潜水的地方。 所以,我觉得,帕劳不适合太注重形象、不化妆不出门、不能吃苦、把旅游视为购物的人。适合体力好、不怕晒、不注重形象,真正懂得旅行真谛的人。三、帕劳旅游注意事项 1.航班:中国到帕劳只有两种方式。一是帕劳航空,香港直飞帕劳,飞行时间4小时;二是北京到首尔转机到帕劳。帕劳航空有一些很奇怪的管制,比如化妆品不管多少ml都不能带上飞机,带肉干不能过关,可以带一个打火机。 2.时差:比中国早1个小时。 3.气候:帕劳属于热带海洋性气候,四季都是夏天,天天都有艳阳高照的好天气,即使是在7月到10月的雨季,也顶多只有午后的雷阵雨。 4.语言:通用语言是英语。但当地很多台湾人,很多地方都可以用国语沟通。 5.货币:通用货币是美元。 6.电源:美。 7.通信:中国移动开通国际漫游可以在帕劳通信,短信3.99元/条,电话打接都是30元/分钟。中国联通与帕劳没有双边协议,不能漫游到帕劳。(在此特别感谢小金同学大半夜就通信问对向日葵色板官方的帮助 ) 8.网络:酒店大堂一般都有wifi,但帕劳全国公用2M宽带,速度可想而知。房间里就不用奢望宽带了。四、帕劳旅游需带物品 帕劳跟很多旅游点不一样,几乎就是玩海,所以有些东西是必须带的 1.防晒潜水衣:帕劳的阳光毒得可怕,擦太多防晒霜自己不舒服,而且防晒霜的味道会让鱼儿不想亲近你,所以穿一套防晒潜水衣就太合适了,可以防晒、防水母、在快艇上还能防寒。建议买长袖长裤的潜水衣。在当地可以租到很薄的防晒衣,好像是10美金一天。 2.脚蹼:在帕劳潜水的时间非常长,体力消耗相当大,风浪大的时候就更为困难了。所以脚蹼一定要有,可以节省很多体力,也能解放双手出来照相。长短脚蹼都可以,长的游起来更省力,但携带有些不便。当地租长脚蹼好像是5美金一天。 3.面镜呼吸管:浮潜必备的。在当地参加浮潜项目,旅行社会提供,咬嘴也是全新的,如果不怕麻烦,可以自己买一个干式的面镜呼吸管,如果没什么特殊要求,也可以就用旅行社提供的。有度数的面镜需要拿钱租。 4.防晒霜:有防晒衣就只需要擦脸,不然就要擦全身。一定要做好防晒工作。胖子就是第一天擦晚了一点,裸露在外面的皮肤全部晒得又红又痛。 5.厚底沙滩鞋:去水母湖的时候会翻一座小山,路不太好,鞋底太薄太软都不利于走路,所以还是要带一双好鞋子。 6.短袖短裤若干:帕劳空气很潮湿,衣服洗了一夜几乎不会干,所以多带两套换的。 7.防水相机:前面说了,帕劳没有多少穿得漂漂亮亮用单反照相的机会,美景都在水下,若想记录下海里的美景,这个是必备!从效果来说,从好到坏,最好是单反相机加防水壳,但价格太高,太重,水性不好的人驾驭不了;其次是防水卡片机,强烈推荐佳能D20,淘宝上租20块钱一天,效果凑合。再次是卡片机加防水壳,当地可以租相机,Canon卡片机加防水壳,35美金一天。 上一张我自己的照片,不是美女,请见谅,大家手下留情哈五、行程介绍 帕劳旅游有4日、5日、6日三种,都是自由行,旅行社只负责你的机票和酒店。酒店根据自己的选择价格不同。 帕劳中国人很少,台湾人、日本人和韩国人去旅游的最多。 我选择的是5天4晚的自由行,住宿选择的当地四星,爱莱度假酒店。 其实说是自由行,其实到了帕劳必须得参团,首先,要出海,不参团就没有船可以走,安全也没有保障。其次,帕劳没有公交车,出租车也可以叫几乎没有,几乎举步维艰。所以,大家到了帕劳都会在当地的地接社报名参加自费项目。 帕劳最大的两个地接社,一个是P.I.T,在当地是最出名,口碑最好的,一般都接待日本、韩国人。另一个是"长虹快乐假期",是个台湾人开的地接社,导游都是台湾人,中国人和台湾人一般参加这个。向日葵色板官方这次就是选择的长虹快乐假期,事实证明,向日葵视频色板APP官网非常好,严重推荐!!!! 下面是我参加的自费行程: 第一天香港-帕劳航班:p7 653(1935-0035+1)(飞行时间约4小时) 第二天帕劳自费套餐洛克群岛rock island西线一日游 景点:黄金沙滩硬珊瑚区软珊瑚区玫瑰珊瑚山中湖(沉船遗迹)德国水道大断层 第三天帕劳 自费套餐洛克群岛rock island东线一日游 景点: 鲸鱼岛whale island】【梦幻之岛】【无人岛】【水母湖jelly fish lake】【鲨鱼城】【牛奶湖milky way】【美人鱼水道】【星光派对超级卡那卡秀】【海豚湾海豚研究中心 第四天 帕劳 自费套餐帕劳市区游 景点: 帕劳博物馆】【男人会馆】【帕劳kb大桥 第五天帕劳-香港自费套餐 水上疯狂俱乐部 景点:黄金沙滩 参加皮滑艇独木舟、脚踏船、风浪板、透明观景船、沙滩排球、sup划桨式冲浪板、跪式冲浪板、ms帆船等八项水上娱乐项目尽情娱乐 航班:p7 654(16:15-19:15)(飞行时间4小时) 六、游记 第一天:香港——帕劳 帕劳对中国免,在飞机上要填一个帕劳入境单,很简单。 必须要提一下这次飞行,向日葵色板官方居然和帕劳的总统坐的一班飞机,总统包了前七排的位子。一个国家的总统居然没有专机,还要坐普通民航的飞机,不知道是说他惨还是清廉。不管怎样,能与一个总统同机,我觉得很荣幸,哈哈!!! 下了飞机办入境手续。那里人工作效率底,过关回到酒店已经是半夜了,赶紧收拾好第二天出海的东西,赶快睡觉,补充体力。 第二天:帕劳洛克群岛西线一日游 早上10点,导游来接向日葵色板官方出海。 向日葵色板官方的导游叫Ethan,是个台湾人,说话完全的台湾腔,很温柔。 从酒店去码头大约20分钟,车上Ethan就一直给向日葵色板官方介绍面镜、呼吸管怎么用,面镜除雾、进水处理,浮潜游泳的一些技巧,感觉比泰国的导游负责得多。泰国的导游什么都不会说,直接把人扔在水里。 到达“长虹快乐假期”的专用码头,大家需要在这里拿救生衣和面镜呼吸管,在这里可以租潜水衣、脚蹼、相机等等。 码头很小很小,全都是长虹的船 (一)黄金沙滩 帕劳其实是没有沙滩的,酒店的私家沙滩、岛上的沙滩其实都是人造的,沙非常粗,很硌脚。 黄金沙滩是“长虹快乐假期”旅行社自己的码头上人造的一小片沙滩,并且用防鲨网围起来了一篇海域,作用一是让游客在这里熟悉浮潜技巧 ,二是在这里进行水上疯狂俱乐部里的八项娱乐项目。 今天来到黄金沙滩,主要就是练习浮潜。每一个人要正确使用浮潜工具,在水里呼吸,翻身,并且让Ethan过目,Ethan觉得合格了,才能上船出海。 黄金沙滩的海域,天气不错,看到这样的水已经开始激动了~~~ 大家迫不及待跳入水中,让Ethan看自己的浮潜水平 沙滩边有人在玩水上项目 (二)山中湖(日军沉船) 这是洛克群岛西线浮潜的第一个点。洛克群岛内有很多山中湖,因为特殊的地形,山中湖的水很平静,适合浮潜初学者。 到这里来的目的一是看一艘二战时期日军被击毁的沉船,二是让大家练习一下浮潜。 全副武装的我 日军沉船。第一次看到真实的沉船,船身全部腐锈了,感觉很恐怖 山中湖里有一种灵芝珊瑚】,又叫【桌面珊瑚,因为长得很平,所以叫这个名字吧 (二)长沙滩这里有一条长约一百多公尺的沙滩将海中的两个岛连起来,它涨潮时就会被淹掉,退潮时才会显现出来。 我们运气不好,两个月前的一场台风把上长沙滩的岛给吹毁了,现在正在修复,近期内都上不了长沙滩,只能远观。 中间那一条白白的就是沙滩(三)大断层 这是帕劳浮潜中最经典的一个景点。 这里的海底深度从3尺骤降到2000多尺,就是一个海底的悬崖峭壁,景色之壮阔。这里有大型的巡游鱼群,有各类珊瑚,只是这里水流速度非常快,在看海底世界的同时,一定要盯着导游,否则一不小心就被海浪冲跑了,对体能考验较大。 先看看断层,一边很浅,一边深不见底,对我这种水性不是特好的人来说,看着挺恐怖的。 有一只小丑鱼游过哦 我的相机canon D20 在淘宝上租的,租金20元一天。 除非是专业水下摄影爱好者,可以用单反加防水罩,普通人还是用防水相机方便一点。 从来没见过这么多种类的珊瑚 这珊瑚长得跟迷宫似的 canon D20 有水下微距功能,拍珊瑚特别有用。 再来两张 一群黑色的鱼游过去,要仔细看 觉得这个珊瑚长得很像屁股 这条鱼肉好厚,感觉肉吃起来应该比较老 擦了口红的鱼。太屌了!!!鱼游得很快,水流也很快,要拍清楚真的好难啊!!! 我把它叫做黄色荧光鱼([]
最新章节: 第521章 德百年建筑起火 ( 2025-04-04 20:52:45)
更新时间: 2025-04-04 22:30:29
喜欢上户外,源于2010年一次偶然的丽江之行。这之前都是些游山玩水,在记忆中都渐渐模糊了。那次坐着颠簸的车子在西南特有的盘山路上不断的盘旋上升,眼中掠过的美景都是那些在图片中,在电视中看到的...雪山,日照金山,清澈安宁的海子。那一刻----向日葵色板官方真的爱上了它! 2011年6月又拼车走了一次川藏线,这一路沿途让人着迷的自然风光,特别到达西藏境内,它的神秘,它的自然景观的震撼,让我魂牵梦系。 回到繁忙的都市,总是不能忘怀那一抹挥之不去的记忆...在看到10月正好有飞西宁的特价机票后,毅然决定在秋季这个最美的季节---再走一次青藏线到珠峰大本营和尼泊尔。 定下机票后,就是找攻略购买装备这些,之前曾看到EBC的攻略,深深中毒于前辈们贴的照片,太壮观震撼了!特别是幻想着自己能亲临其境的走近那些雪山湖泊,感受尼泊尔自然风光的魅力,那里是蜚声世界的徒步天堂。决定了EBC之行,这也成了此次整个旅程的重中之重。针对它展开了特别的计划和准备。EBC这条徒步线路高海拔,非常具有挑战性,特别对向日葵色板官方这个级别的。更是...前期必须做很多功课,再次感谢坛子里的前辈们!湘西土人,行摄匆匆等....向日葵色板官方2人真是户外的门外汉,从没走过徒步,也从没参加过户外组织的活动。去之前俩人练习爬爬香山,菜驴就是菜驴,居然连著名的好汉坡都不知道。一次在香山碰巧赶上户外组织走香巴拉线,向日葵色板官方也就跟上了队伍,这才搞清原来就是香山八大处啊。在学习准备阶段又明白了很多装备上的问,这些什么-20度的睡袋,登山杖,登山鞋,快速排汗内衣,GOEXT的防水外衣,外裤以前都搞不明白的东东,通通都得备齐。谁让向日葵色板官方没经验呢? 在精心的准备了必备的装备后,带着对美景的憧憬启程了.... 先附上偶们的EBC行程 第1天 Luker(2840米)----Phaking(2610米) 徒步 约2小时20分钟左右 第2天 Phaking(2610米)-----Namche (3440 米) 徒步 约7小时 第3 天 Namche(3440米)-----EverstView Hotel----Namche (3440米) 约4小时 第4天 Namche(3440米)-----Dole(4200米) 徒步 约6个半小时 第5天 Dole(4200米)-----Machhermo(4470米) 徒步 约2小时40分 第6天 Machhermo(4470米)-----Gokyo(4790米) 徒步 约4小时多 第7天 Gokyo(4790米------第5湖(4990米)-----Gokyo(4790米) 徒步 约6小时 第8天 Gokyo(4790米)------Dragnag (4700米) 徒步 约2个小时 第9天 Dragnag(4700米)-------Cho La垭口(5330米)-----Dzonglha(4830米) 徒步 约7小时30分 第10天 Dzonglha(4830米)-----Lobuche(4910米) 徒步 约3小时15分 第11天 Lobuche(4910米)-----Gorap Shep(5140米)-----Kala Patthar----Gorap Shep 徒步 全天 约5个多小时 第12天 GorapShep(5140)EBC-----Gorap Shep(5140米)-----Locher(4910米) 徒步 全天约5个多小时 第13天 Locher(4910米)-----Tengboche(3860米) 徒步 7小时 第14天 Tengboche(3860米)-----Namche(3440米)-----Monjo(2840米) 徒步 约7小时 第15天 Monjo(2840米)----Luker(2840米)----- Kathmandu 徒步 约4小时多 10月中旬,出发了。到西宁的第二天去了北山寺。北山寺古称土楼观。明代称之为永兴寺,近代改称北山寺。北山寺依山面水,居高临下,上有断岩壁立,下有陡坡相连,地势险峻,气势宏伟。相传,该寺始建于汉魏时代,为“湟中古寺第一’。北山寺迄今已有二千多年的历史, 北山寺的丹霞地貌我是新手,第一次写攻略也是第一次发图,很不规范。多多鼓励哦! 10月14日中午到达青海著名的塔尔寺,从导游的介绍中了解到这里是藏密至尊宗客巴大师的出生地。塔尔寺的由来大家一定都有所了解了,就不多说了。在塔尔寺,酥油花,壁画和堆绣被誉为“艺术三绝”。酥油花手工制作的各种艺术品真的是令人感叹美妙绚烂,非常精细。小到一个花瓣一个人物的表情,都是由酥油(手工制成的黄油)调成各色颜料而制成的油塑艺术品。可惜馆内禁止拍照。 下午在参观完塔尔寺不同的殿堂返回时,看到了僧侣们席地而坐,两排对视,嘴里不停的说着什么,这边的说完,另一面的又开始,此起彼伏。后来站立起的一排又与席地坐的激烈的辨论着。很有意思。这原来就是藏密的宗教教育-----辩经。 喇嘛僧人,在学习“五部大论”的同时,还要根据自己所学的内容,举行辩论,这就是所谓的“辩经”。辩论有两种方式:一种叫“立宗答辩”,即立宗人树立一目,并以此为辩论,但他只能对对方的提问及问难加以解答,不得反问及发挥,问难的人则可以拍掌高呼,手舞足蹈;一种叫做对辩,即由两入双方互相问答。搜索了一点对辩经的注解,大家可以了解下。塔尔寺向日葵色板官方去时已近中午,参观时感觉不太从容,这里是很值得多花一些时间细细品味,非常有文化内涵的地方。向日葵色板官方去时由于没有对密宗历史特别了解也就粗枝大叶了 原计划在西宁呆4天,可以看看青海湖,塔尔寺,再适应一下2600多米的海拔。但计划赶不上变化,最早有西宁到西藏的火车也是17日,也就很悠闲了。16日报了个青海湖一日游,一路上经过赞布林卡,丹格尔古城,日月山等最后到达青海湖。都说去青海湖最好的季节是7,8月份,那时油菜花开漫山遍野。向日葵色板官方去的时候天气已经比较冷了,天空湛蓝,秋风也早已将植被吹黄,山坡上一群群的牛羊悠游的吃着草。真是有天苍苍,野茫茫,风吹草低现牛羊的意境。这时右手的远处显现出一条蓝色的银带在展开,展开....青海湖!向日葵色板官方来了!回复 有情有义有兄弟 的帖子来了,来了,我码字有点慢。好饭不怕晚嘛 秋天的青海湖又有另一番韵味 秋天的青海湖又有另一番韵味之前看攻略说有出租自行车的可以骑车环湖游,可能向日葵色板官方的季节是淡季,没有找到。其实是很想尝试骑车沿青海湖看看美丽的风景的。鸟岛也不是季节,也没有看成,这些都有丝遗憾!那几天在西宁也吃到了不少当地的特色食物。著名的莫家街是人气指数很高的食街。向日葵色板官方对老酸奶的评价顶高,到现在还是很怀念!呵呵...吃货当然不能少了尝试吃各种美食,个人对炮仗(小吃),烤肋,酿皮,还有一种放羊汤的粥都感觉不错。街上的当地小吃看到本地人多的你尽管进去,一定不会错,个人觉得比莫家街,网上传的几家不差,甚至还好。 17日晚终于坐上了上海到拉萨,途径西宁的火车。本应该1950到站的晚点到20点45。清晨火车才开到格尔木,天渐渐亮起来。 沿途经常可以看到的黄羊,野驴,但一路并没看到藏羚羊。这是透过车窗抢拍的野驴。 火车过了玉珠峰就是可可西里无人区时,看到最多的就是野生的羚羊。在行驶在海拔5千多米的唐古拉山口,这段身体还真是有高反的感觉。列车进入西藏那曲地区后,沿途的自然风光更是不时让我惊叹!远处的湛蓝的天空和雪白的山峦形成了鲜明对比,成群的牦牛悠闲的吃着草,高低起伏的一坨坨的草甸和倒影是我的最爱!在那里美丽的错那湖和藏北草原。是那么近!那么美i!错那湖是和青藏铁路距离最近的湖泊。真的很庆幸选择乘火车到拉萨,有一路的美景相伴! 到达拉萨火车站了。找到预定的酒店住下。酒店外就是拉萨河,在太阳岛上。19日向日葵色板官方今天的任务是尽快找到一起拼车到珠峰大本营尼泊尔的同路人。从酒店出发,一路闲散的走到了大昭寺附近。又回到几曾相识的地方,那雄伟的布达拉宫,那蔚蓝蔚蓝的天空,那转着转经筒虔诚的信徒,那飘动的经幡,还有那匍匐在地的每一次叩头...那段时间总在脑海中涌动的画面是真的又一次显现在眼前?真的有些恍惚.... 喜欢这些人物 六月份雨季到大本营就遗憾的没揭开珠峰神秘的面纱,这次来向日葵色板官方是抱定一定要膜拜向日葵色板官方心中的女神的!但因为是淡季,有很多人并不去珠峰大本营,而是直接从拉萨到樟木,拼到既去珠峰大本营又去樟木的人还真不是很容易。而且向日葵色板官方去的前几天珠峰下了雪,路也不好走,有些师傅因为危险也不想去要价很高。八朗学的班觉----人真不错!不但帮向日葵色板官方找合适的同伴,还在包4500车子事上给了最大优惠。心里特别感激!第二天向日葵色板官方如愿的找到了一起拼车的人,还是两个漂亮的MM。期待已久的我的珠峰,尼泊尔之行序幕终于拉开了。 10月21日的早晨,这个期盼已久的日子,向日葵色板官方怀着憧憬和敬畏之情就要近距离的膜拜心中的女神了。在浓郁的藏族歌声中拉萨在渐行渐远。车子在盘转的山道上急促的行驶着。司机是个腼腆的藏族小伙子,名叫扎西,不太会说汉话,向日葵色板官方说什么问什么他总是回答是的,是的,那人品相当的好...(这是经过几天接触大家一致公认的,后面会提到)秋的景致对一年四季都是美景的西藏更是添彩!至少这是我个人的大爱。6月的夏,鲜花绿草使大地充满生机,总使我觉得有点招摇,秋又有它别一番的意境,湛蓝的天空,金黄的叶子挂满树枝,随风摇曳,田地里的青稞收割成跺透着丰收的喜悦,远处的赭石色土黄色的山峦层叠交替变化万千,透着给人一种厚重和沧桑。 推开酒店的窗户,面对的是拉萨河 启程的天气并不尽如人意,天阴沉沉的,心中不时叨念着六字真言,唵嘛呢呗咪吽,唵嘛呢呗咪吽,乞求老天再给一次机会吧。到达羊湖时远处还是阴云密布,虽然还是没有看到传说中那一抹惊艳的绿色飘带,但羊卓雍错湖还是让向日葵色板官方兴奋的跳跃呼喊.... 天气要是好,它得多美...继续赶路。过了羊湖车子虽然一直沿着它走但慢慢的一路向下。沿途除了苍凉的土色山脉和看着蓝色的湖水,不时会跳出一片片红色的草滩,太喜欢了。一车的人都在赞叹着。真的不是没追求,是这些色彩组合在一起----养眼啊!走过了羊湖就到了卡罗拉冰川。这次看到秋天里的卡罗拉冰川感觉太过沉闷了,也许是没有蓝天的映衬使它过于厚重。这是同年6月时 看到的卡罗拉冰川,秋季看到栅栏也竖起来了,真的是圈地运动!离开卡罗拉后车子又经过那镶嵌在山谷中的绿飘带,虽然只有透过云层的阳光,但还是给平静的水面增加了更浓的绿意,它静静的,不见一丝波澜。我不能断定这是不是依然是美丽的羊湖?还是满拉水库?车子再启动就开到了江孜县的白居寺。偶们参观了这座藏传佛教的萨迦派、噶当派、格鲁派3大教派共存的一座寺庙,塔中有寺、寺中有塔,寺塔天然浑成,寺塔内有保存相当完好、难以数计的精美壁画和造像。 白居寺里白居塔的十万壁画佛像也是非常有名的,这个塔每一层都有若干佛堂,每间内都有很精美的壁画和雕工精美的佛像。塔有九层,高达32米多,有77间佛殿、108个门、神龛和经堂等。殿堂内绘有十余万佛像,因而得名十万佛塔。它内部的楼梯也很特殊,有些是需要你耐心找找的。这是白居塔 寺院中酥油灯总是给我一种空灵的宁静,它带给向日葵色板官方这些尘世中的路人,一丝片刻的安宁。从白居寺出来,就一路向日喀则进发了。傍晚到达,入住的酒店居然是几个月前的同一家。([]
Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享,俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦,俺先来个免责声明:1。杨同学不认识俺,也没有授权俺,如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止;2。俺没有商业目的,译版版权归杨同学,俺啥也不要,也不承担法律责任;3。没有杨同学授权,不敢擅自发在国外网站,发在原帖处,荣誉归8264;4。俺英语水平有限,欢迎指正,欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分,不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦,希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子,原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co, where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30), 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evaluate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
在8264上混了好几年,从来没发过帖,最多顶下。出行前也上网看了很多帖子,根据各种信息才制订出此次的线路,为此将游记发在这里以示感谢。3月初的一天无意中进入亚航官网,发现有促销活动,虽不象网上同学们秒杀抢到的便宜,但能从所住的城市出发,而且起飞时间是上午,很动心。于是与朋友商量后,第一次在网上订购了7月3日(因朋友那时才有空)去泰国的机票。操作了几个小时才搞定,笨呀。心奋了一夜没睡着。第二天将消息告之其他朋友,一下就约到好几个。使这次出行人数达到6人。线路大至如下,分三个阶段:第一段7月5日晚至13日泰南海边玩水。坐火车到素叻他尼,再去苏梅岛、帕岸岛、龟岛。(7楼起)第二段7月13至21日兵分两路,4人汽车返回曼谷去柬埔寨吴哥窟,2人汽车继续南下去甲米、董里玩水。(143楼起)第三段7月21晚至30日泰北感受清凉。6人在曼谷汇合后坐火车到清迈,汽车去拜县(240楼起)帖子发出后,很多人关心花费多少,在此补充一下,就不一一回答了。机票、证、保险和在泰国的所有花销加起来共约7500元左右,不含购物的费用。先介绍下一行的朋友们触缘姐,此行年龄最大的一位。茶亭,也是上了六十的哟,看不出来吧玲点,也是退了休的二妹,此行唯一懂一点英语的二妹的女儿豆豆,12岁初一学生,也稍微懂点英语还有就是我了,梦兰 此行一色的女人,还是四老一中一小,老的全不会英语,有的是出行经验和时间,只有二妹算是比较全面吧,豆豆妹没出过门,这也是第一次吧,这一群二货出门,时间又长,肯定故事不少哈,我慢慢讲。发两张合影,此行也没照到几张合影耶。 7月3日在重庆江北机场乘11点20分亚航的飞机,曼谷时间1点半左右到达素万那普国际机场。按攻略说的先换零钱拿地图,还找到免费电话卡,再去一楼餐厅吃饭,最后到底楼坐城市快线进城到帕亚泰也是TBS的N2站。这里吃饭很便宜这里买城市快线的票45B/人坐车就出故事,由于向日葵色板官方都不会英语,上车时我就数了下总共7个站,到终点站下车。我说数到坐,大家一聊天就没数,心想反正是终点站,都要下车的个,不要紧的,谁知到站后就是有好些人没下,结果向日葵色板官方自然不知,发现车往回开了才晓得终点站过了,只好在回开的第一个站下车。哈哈到曼谷就闹笑话。然后打TUTU车去高山路。诸位都知道在曼谷打TUTU车容易被宰,向日葵色板官方抱定每车100B的价格给,招了两辆TUTU车还是有司机愿意拉,很快到达高山路。根据攻略上的指引去了旅馆一条街(SoiRambuttri)把街都快走完了也没找到便宜的,而且大多数GH都住满了,终于在Bacm sabair GH找到住处,三间空调房共1400B,有一间有热水器。这条小巷比较安静,吃住都方便,还有很多马杀鸡店,离高山路很近,也是背包客云集的地方。晚上去高山路吃饭,这里热闹非常,不太喜欢。7月4日先去曼谷最著名的景点------大皇宫。高山路离大皇宫不远,上午走路过去,中间走了段弯路,结果到达时已是10点多了,正是旅行社到达的高峰时段。赶忙去买了票400B/人(含柚木宫门票)。这天很热,我们在里面呆到下午1点多,饿得遭不住了才出来。金碧辉煌的大皇宫在阳光下金灿灿的,晃得人睁不开眼。在大殿外拍的玉佛,殿内是不准拍照的 又饿又热,感觉要中暑了,在大排档吃完中饭猛喝了果汁后总算缓过劲来。坐1路车去华南蓬火车站买5日去春蓬和21日去清迈的票,再步行去唐人街。在火车站ATM机上取钱也搞笑,取出来的是100B一张的,一次只能取20张,也就是2000B,我看到攻略上说的是可取5000人民币的得嘛,怎么变成2000B了,难不成今后每天都要取钱哟。她们都取了,我感觉不对头便没取。结果晚上回高山路后我取了10000B,是1000B一张的10张,我想可能是按张数取,我要取20000B都取得到。顺便说下华夏银行的卡,每天第一次取钱不收手续费。晚上在唐人街吃饭,天开始下雨了,经过一个小巷时看见卖水果的手推车,上面有山竹,一问50B一公斤,算下来才5元人民币一斤便宜,先来2公斤,几分钟便消灭了,再来2公斤,风卷残云般又完了,然后又称4公斤提着带回去吃,太好吃了。雨越下越大,只好打的挤着回GH。回到高山路便去马杀鸡。 7月5日上午步行去柚木宫。这是大皇宫门票中包含了的,7日内都有效。这里与大皇宫的要求不一样,女性必须穿过膝长裙,向日葵色板官方都是穿的长裤,只好每人花40B买一块布裹在腰上才放行。这里不准拍照,每人发一个解说器,走到几号展区就按几号键,耳机里就播这个展区的解说。柚木宫是皇家博物馆,展出的都是皇家的精品、国宝。精致细腻华美无比 ,真金真银稀有宝石龙椅宝座等等绝非A货仿货之流,看得人眼花缭乱的。慢慢欣赏,不想离开,最后实在抗不过空调太冷的温度才出来。柚木宫 外面是大理石建筑里面便是柚木结构门楣上的浮雕在草坪上迈方步的小鸟,一点都不怕人本来对柚木宫没抱太大的希望,没想到还很值得看。出来后发现时间不早了,打听坐70路公交车去高山路,上车买票,售票员不收钱,才搞清楚是免费车。这是在一个不发达的国家吗,居然有免费车坐。当时朋友就开玩笑地喊起来我爱泰国。刚高兴没多久,就让我们大跌眼镜。回到GH收拾行李,准备退房走人,没想到超过12点了,要加收半天的房费,直接就在订金中扣了,MD晕哟。既然钱都扣了,咱们就不走,反正外面都热得遭不住,索性睡午觉,到下午3点多才离开。坐车去华南蓬火车站存包70B/包有点贵,再地铁去salom转轻轨去暹罗广场,随知轻轨坏了,这是啥运气哟,只好在salom附近吃了晚餐回车站。倒在候车厅的地上睡觉,居然睡得很香。22点55分的火车,车上多是背包客。坐位宽畅是航空坐,一边两位子,空调车温度很低,发毛巾、水、小点心,感觉很不错的。 7月6日基本上都在路上。早上6点过火车到达春蓬,在此下车的人很多。有TUTU去汽车站20B/人,几分钟就到了。为什么要去春蓬?所有的背包客到这里是要去龟岛,而向日葵色板官方是受了xfish《哥回来了》帖子的影响,一门心思想去素林群岛去浮潜。对于素林群岛LP书上介绍很简单,网上也宣有帖子介绍。跟着xfish的脚步,向日葵色板官方便走上了去素林群岛的路。而且对这里寄予了厚望,把这里放在第一站。这里乘迷你巴士去拉廊120B/人坐满开车。9点左右到过拉廊。正好停在去瓜拉布里的大巴旁边,又是下车接上车。泰国的旅游行业就是做得好,考虑很周到。在附近的小店吃饭,炒粉、炸鸡。去瓜拉布里车费110B/人,10点半出发12点过到达瓜拉布里。我和二妹、豆豆去找tom and am旅行社。很好找,正对汽车站公路对面。一路上感觉都不对,去这里的除了向日葵色板官方6人外没见一个老外,这里再不出名,总有老外知道噻,为什么没有人呢,想不明白。到了tom and am旅行社才被告之素林群岛去不了,一年中只有11月----来年4月开放,5----10月停业。原来5月至11月安达曼海受热带季风影响风浪大水混浊不适合潜水,所以不开放。这打击也太大了嘛,好不容易来到这里得到的是这个消息。书上和网上都没说这些,看来LP也靠不住。这几天的运气真的不怎么样耶。来都来了,又没车离开了,只好在镇上唯一的旅店住下吧,此时天又下起了雨。 我发不起帖了,主要是发的图传不上去,整得帖子也发不出,恼火哟向日葵色板官方的住处门廊前的风玲看前面河里是什么 7月7日目苏梅岛。一夜的雨不断,早晨起来停了。先乘8点半的大巴去达瓜巴,再转乘去素叻他尼的车,也是无缝衔接不用走路,1点过到达素叻他尼。车站便是市场很多吃摊,在一个会点华语的中年人那里吃快餐,又去市场买了6公斤多山竹,才25B/公斤和蛇皮果40B/公斤。按攻略上说的去seatran公司,结果顶到大太阳走了几百米的路只比车站旁边的旅游公司便宜了10B,划不着。在seatran旅游公司买的车船联票240B/人。3点20分的车近一个小时的车程到达敦沙码头。5点20分的船,7点才到达苏梅岛的那通码头,一直下雨,天也黑了。只有打双条车最方便,根据LP介绍苏梅岛最大的海滩是查汶,其次是拉迈海滩。向日葵色板官方不喜热闹,加之已经在双条车上的三人都是去拉迈的,于是向日葵色板官方选择了去拉迈。车子足足开了40多分钟,苏梅岛真的好大呀。我和二妹母女去找住宿雨天街上行人不多,走了约200多米在一小巷找到一处清幽僻静的GH,三间房有热水,两间风扇一间空调,房间很大,后面还有厨台可煮饭,共1000B。有宽畅的凉台饿了,去就近的饭馆吃了一顿象样的晚餐。到这天向日葵色板官方都买了18公斤多的山竹了,还是没吃够。 7月8日拉迈海滩休闲。早起上街到处都关门闭户安静之极,才想起泰国基本生活节凑是下午2点后才开始营业,高潮是晚上。所以现在大多数人还在梦乡里。没有早餐卖,还好到处都有24小时营业的711超市。711连锁超市的价格全国相同,比中国的一些连锁超市价格混乱好太多了。向日葵色板官方住宿的GH离海边大约走5分钟吧,上午在海边漫步游泳,下午逛街买菜找旅行社最后以350B/人敲定明天半日游岛和400B/人去帕岸的船,晚上自己动手煮海鲜火锅。对了补充一下,向日葵色板官方这次6个人带了两个电磁炉和一个可分离的电热杯。平时可烧开水,有时间自己煮饭下面也方便。泰国菜甜酸辣吃久了难免想吃重庆的麻辣味,所以还带了许多佐料去正好煮火锅。海边美女西方人自己的孩子自己带,不管走多远孩子多小。中国人小孩子甩给婆婆外婆带,小两口自己出去耍。这仅是文化差异吗?小美女这天云层很厚,海的顡色并不好看,但下海游泳正好不晒。海边漫步一个揪迁让大家玩hi了7月9日上午参加半日游,下午去大佛码头乘船去帕岸岛转车去了通乃番海滩。早早的收拾完毕,退房走人,来到旅行社门口还没上班,又到海边溜达一圈,卡片机随拍几张 9点接向日葵色板官方的巴士来了,半日游苏梅岛先看寺庙,然后看大佛像、查汶海滩观海、一处象形礁石、猴子摘椰子、一个大德高僧的木乃伊、最后是瀑布,在此吃饭,再返回旅行社提包去码头等船。好久没参加旅行社了,很不适应,也没感觉,就是赶行程走完了事。生命之根生命之源,稀奇的是这两礁石相邻不远观景台上拍的海景,平静广阔 半日游虽意义不大,也让向日葵色板官方对苏梅岛有了大致的了解。苏梅确实大也很繁华,开发多年非常成熟。下午两点才回到旅行社拿了大包又坐车去大佛码头等4点的快船去帕岸岛。帕岸岛离苏梅岛只有15公里,4、50分钟的航行便到了东南角的林海滩码头。有迷你巴士去通乃番海湾,车费300B/人。LP书上说东部无公路的信息已成历史了。车子从岛的最南边纵穿岛的腹地,公路弯道多,起复又大,很是危险,当地司机把车开得飞快,很是为他陧了一把汗。近一个小时的车程到达东北角的通乃番海湾。大佛码头等船时一老一小睡着了其实帕岸岛的南面和西面都开发很成熟,也热闹方便。我选择东北角的通乃番,是觉得这里比较清静而已,并没看到关于它的文章和评价。上车后发现车费这多贵,心里有些打鼓。当司机说到了,我看到的是前不着村后不着店也看不到海的地方。怀着忐忑不安的心情和二妹、茶亭去找住处,穿过树林和一片小屋便看见大海,第一眼就感觉好漂亮。走了几家最后在海湾边的第一家找到还有两间,而且只能住一夜,590B一间有热水没空调,有些贵,此时天已黑尽。吃饭也不便宜,这里交通不便又是在岛上自然东西贵。去帕岸的船上7月10日一大早起来去吃早餐,向日葵视频色板APP官网生很好,知道向日葵色板官方必须搬家,便介绍向日葵色板官方去了从边上数的第五家。这里的房价是600B一间,热水风扇房,如果住两夜可少100B。这里不太热也用不作空调。头晚因三人挤一间屋都没睡好,所以这天还是要了三间。放下行李就参加了旅行社的浮潜600B/人。在素林没浮潜成,在这里补起。11点先坐长尾船去岛的北面,在一处海滩边很多船已经在这里了,靠近海边时船停下来,每人发一套眼镜、呼吸器。我自己带了就没用旅行社的。水里很多各色的鱼漂亮,但珊瑚大多死了,不好看。向日葵色板官方在船的附近跟着鱼儿游,用卡片机一阵乱拍,上船后发现啥也看不见,全是糊的。茶亭最先下水,也最先起水,不一会儿晕船了,可能是昨夜没睡好又有些感冒船又被烤得很烫所致。后去一个海滩吃中饭,这里的海水很清澈很适合游泳,可中午时分阳光太强,下去几分钟就被晒得通红,好在搽了防晒霜没晒伤。第三站是看瀑布,这瀑布还很有名,lp书上还介绍了的,可向日葵色板官方都没觉得有啥看头,充其量只能算是个叠水。下午4点返回住地,晚上自己煮稀饭粉丝又节约了一顿哈。通乃番第一夜住的地方,环境优美的茅草屋,吃早餐这天是几天来天气最好的一天,阳光下的大海与蓝天一色这天晚上的彩霞出奇的弦 这里的沙滩又细又白又平,赤脚踩在上面很舒服,晚上又凉爽,海水平静得几乎没有浪,看着满天繁星非常惬意,选择这里真的没错。
2015年暑期,太湖家园户外组团前往泰国曼谷.芭提雅,普吉岛8日游。最具时尚理念的旅游:城市.庙宇.海岛.沙滩.美食。让你尽情享受泰国风情......繁华的城市,神圣的庙宇,洁白的沙滩.深蓝的海水,尽享异国风情!曼谷:逛逛大皇宫,拜拜四面佛,再去水上集市看一圈,佛都圣地让你感受到的不只是心灵净化的圣洁。芭提雅:变性人,大象,海滩,似乎泰国最典型的剧目都在这里集中上演了。普吉岛:冲浪,浮潜,晒日光,看椰林婆娑,品美食,疯狂扫货,尽情享受生活。 6月29日,我们从合肥出发了,前往深圳转机。 在深圳机场等待转机。 深圳出发,前往泰国曼谷。 于当晚抵达泰国曼谷。 同行泰国游的安徽蚌埠母女两。 水果大餐。 尽情享受泰国各种水果。 水果园外留影。 太湖家园户外驴友大合影。 美女被精湛的魔术表演惊吓。 在大舞台等待演出。 曼谷的玉佛寺。 汇集了泰国的建筑,绘画,雕刻和装潢艺术的精粹。 毒蛇研究中心——观赏空手捉蛇。 摄影师,老聂在普吉岛沙滩留影。 深蓝的海水。 帅哥美女水中嬉戏。 等待快艇的到来。 抵达码头。 享受体验泰国的乳胶——国立生态乳胶体检中心。 听说乳胶就是生长在这样险峻的石崖上。 山水相依。 坐皮划艇欣赏美景。 水上欣赏费用为20泰铢。 飞机上拍摄泰国城市。 曼谷街道所拍。 宏伟的泰国曼谷建筑。 向日葵色板官方在此留影。 老聂在泰国皇宫前留影。([]
我一向不喜欢跟团旅游,自2006年开始自助游后,更是一发不可收拾,向往途中那自由自在的感觉。在国内数次周游后,便希望往国外跑。但自己一不会开车,二不会英语,觉得出国自驾游似乎与我无缘,只是奢想吧。偶尔在与有点明白的闲聊中,得知他要到澳洲自驾游,他问:“你去吗?”,我大喜过望,回答是干脆利落的一个字:“去!”。接下来一连串的准备事项,诸如策划行程、证、买机票等都拜托有点明白搞定。还买了睡袋、防潮垫等,原想到时寻找佳景露营,最后我嫌要带的东西较多,就只带了睡袋,放弃露营。只可惜有点明白背了一大背囊的装备,也没派上用场。为了一偿驾驶房车的夙愿,有点明白在网上捡了小梁和猫猫,向日葵色板官方租了辆奔驰六人房车,准备用11天,到国内同胞比较陌生的塔斯马尼亚和大洋路走走。塔岛太大了,太美了,就是玩一个月也不够,几天的时间,只能是走走而已。我在几个月的等待和希冀中,夹杂着一丝忐忑:异国他乡的路好走吗?右舵车能开得惯吗?同行的网友好相处吗......?这些疑虑在旅途中,很快就消除了(这是后话)。行程:第一天:广州飞吉隆坡。第二天:异国他乡的除夕夜。第三天 阳光灿烂的亚瑟港,果园的车厘子。第四天:名镇的石桥、教堂,树顶漫步。第五天:霍巴特(Hobart)撒拉曼卡市集(Salamanca Market),古迹公路的小镇奥特兰(Oatlands)、罗斯。第六天:一尘不染的罗斯(Ross)镇,葡萄酒庄与湿地黑天鹅,酒杯湾。第七天:邂逅野树莓海湾,夜访小企鹅。第八天:休闲企鹅镇,惊艳斯坦利镇(STANLEY)。第九天:斯坦利出海看海狮。第十天:告别美丽的塔岛,登上塔斯马尼亚精神号。十一天:托基、高尔夫球场的袋鼠、洛恩、森林营地的考拉。十二天:晨曦中的考拉、在直升飞机上鸟瞰十二使徒,最后的营地。 十三天:墨尔本的亚拉河畔。十四天:墨尔本的联邦广场、圣保罗教堂。十五天:墨尔本到广州。 第一天:广州飞吉隆坡。凌晨1点半从广州飞吉隆坡,5点半到达,晚上11点多飞墨尔本,本来可以到市区逛逛,但一宿没睡好,向日葵色板官方都觉疲累,再也不想奔波,就在机场酒店租了个钟点房,养精蓄锐,期待明天的精彩旅程!吉隆坡机场酒店。 第二天:异国他乡的除夕夜。凌晨坐12点多的夜机飞墨尔本。机仓宽大舒服,一觉醒来,也快到墨尔本了。今天最令向日葵色板官方担心的是:10点到墨尔本,12点就要飞往塔岛的霍巴特,早就听说澳洲入境手续繁复,若稍有拖延登不了机,即使能改机票,那每人几百个大洋也打水漂了,弄得我三人心里直发毛!多谢上天眷顾,诸事顺利,待向日葵色板官方办好了各种手续后,还有时间慢慢地叹番件热狗,再悠哉游哉地登机。机场餐厅8刀一份的热狗,大份好味,两人吃也饱了。 在机上鸟瞰塔岛大地。“塔斯马尼亚(Tasmania)位于澳大利亚南面,是澳大利亚最小的州,面积只有67,800平方公里,也是澳大利亚唯一的岛州,地处巴尔斯海峡以南,与澳洲本土的南部海岸隔海相望,距离墨尔本仅一小时(或悉尼 90 分钟)的飞行航程。 拥有与世隔绝的独特的地理环境,塔斯曼尼亚百分之四十的地区被列为国家公园和自然保护区,为塔斯马尼亚披上了神秘的面纱。200年前这里曾英国流放重刑犯人的地方,多少恐怖耸人的往事传说记载在历史的铁幕岁月中。今天塔斯马尼亚成为了澳洲知名的观光胜地,森林覆盖率位于全澳之首,这里有原始茂密的国家森林公园,天然纯净的原始湖泊,澳洲遗产阿瑟港旧监狱等。如此古老而美丽的地方使它成为了世界上最令人神往的目的地之一。大洋路是澳大利亚政府为纪念一战中牺牲的战士修筑的,整条公路顺着海岸线开拓,一边靠着蔚蓝的海,一边靠着山,山边是百万年风化的奇岩怪石,蜿蜒曲折,风景壮观,沿途勾勒出海洋与陆地撞击而成的鬼斧神工,展示出闻名世界的自然奇观,景致动人心魄,在众多的海岸公路中,可甚称是路途最崎岖、最美丽的观光地。” 脚踏实地后,第一件事就是在机场选取塔岛的地图和各种旅游资料(至关重要,全部免费),再与网上结识的两位素未谋面的俊男靓女会合,随即赶往附近的租车点取车。向日葵色板官方这次自驾游的朋友:1有点明白——此行的筹划者,一切行程计划、租车租营地、我的证等全靠于他,还兼副驾。最牛的是,只要地图在手,他就是向日葵色板官方澳洲行的指路明灯,典型的活体GPS。牛!2 皑皑——主驾+大厨,虽是首次开右舵车,但很快就驾轻就熟,英姿飒爽地驾驶着大房车,奔驰在塔岛和大洋路,一路上可是领受了无数的注目礼的哦,真可谓“引无数英雄竞折腰”!一路上更为向日葵色板官方做了很多蛋糕蛋挞,强!3 小梁——懒于考驾照,在东南亚蒲了N次,最拿手就是煮咖啡和煎焗肉扒,对于行程上的东东一概不管,自嘲“做个跟屁虫跟到底!”,人却是很随和的,哈! 4 猫猫——事业型女孩,虽有驾照却不喜欢开车,也是多次进出东南亚,不善家务,主动承领餐后洗碗工作。呃!5 木子lili——就是在下,“二不”人员:不会开车,不会英语,但能煲“阿妈靓汤”,炒小菜更是不在话下,只是澳洲菜比肉贵,强项被埋没了,就煮好淀粉质食物和靓汤弥补吧!汗! 9天来,我们驾车(我是坐车的随行人员,嘻嘻!)穿行在塔岛上,饱览了无尽的荒原、大片的牧场、安静详和的小镇、多弯的丛林、美丽的海岸。住进大海边、小河旁、村镇里、树林中的各种汽车营地,体验了自驾游的无穷乐趣。“1点半抵达Hobart,急急忙忙找到租车点,做个了自助登记,连驾驶证都没有亮,老外就扔来一个便携DVD机及钥匙--到车上自己看DVD研究去吧。里里外外,研究了大半个小时,想着边玩边学吧,于是打火,走人。话说其实右呔车没传说中那么难适应,这奔驰的房车很快也就上手了。(摘自有点明白的游记)”这是机场旁边的租车公司。待租的车辆。先亮亮伴随向日葵色板官方多天的大家伙,里面可是样样俱全的啊! 澳洲是自驾游天堂,并非浪得虚名。(以下为网上资料) “首先,澳洲地广人稀,但在这样幅员辽阔的国土上拥有发达的公路网。其次,澳洲公路网沿途有美不胜收的景色,蓝天白云下,当你驾驶爱车走过牛羊成群的牧场,擦过英式田园乡村,路过怀旧的澳洲小镇,穿过恍如隔世般的热带雨林,你不会不被这移步换景的沿途风光所陶醉。 第三,澳洲道路能给驾驶者带来刺激。当你在幽静的盘山路中快速通过数不尽的弯道,当你在悬崖峭壁的海岸线上追逐日出日落,你不会不感到驾驶的乐趣所在。第四,澳洲政府为自驾游客提供了完善周到的配套向日葵视频色板APP官网,让你能够在旅途中安枕无忧。每隔30公里的加油站和休息区为你提供从免费打气、免费洗车到快餐连锁、休闲娱乐在内的各种向日葵视频色板APP官网,“游客中心”则是为你排忧解难,解惑释疑的百事通,房车及露营营地为以车为家的房车游客提供了从充电、沐浴到烹调做菜在内的各种生活设施,遍布全澳的汽车租赁公司网点,随时为“自驾车”游客提供技术支援。由澳洲旅游部推荐、澳洲人及外国游客公认的最佳自驾游路线: 时间,1000公里,让你感受大山的宁静,体验冲浪的刺激,沐浴瀑布的芬芳,膜拜十二门徒的尊容; 五、南澳州环州游,8天时间,1600公里,有美酒佳肴陪伴你; 六、澳北探寻红河谷与巨石,7天时间,1200公里,探访一片红色的土七、西澳淘金之旅,14天时间,2千公里,去看看为什么这片土地无论在过去的淘金年代还是在现在的资源大开发时代,都为澳洲人带来滚滚财富。” 一、昆士兰州热带风情路,两周时间,2千公里路程,让你欣赏到一幅从大海到莽原的壮丽画卷; 二、新南威尔士州南部海岸之旅,8天时间,1000公里,让你从海港城市悉尼到澳洲首都堪培拉,感受南十字星座下这两座城市的魅力; 三、世外桃源塔斯马尼亚岛之旅。8天时间,1000公里路程,让你在世外桃源里欣赏天造地设、鬼斧神工的自然景观; 四、维多利亚州南部之旅,7天向日葵色板官方这次选的是“三、世外桃源塔斯马尼亚岛9天之旅”和“四、维多利亚州南部3天之旅,”,总行程二千几公里。借用“迪车会”照片一张,在此谢过! 房车内的配置厨房:四头煤气炉,微波炉,锅碗瓢盆全在柜子里。到汽车营地接上水电,就可做饭。 餐柜—全是六份 厨房的沙发一拉开,就是双人床。电视机,可放VCD。有好几个这样的柜子,可放杂物。洗手间——因不想每日清理嘘嘘和臭臭,这里就成了储物间。每个汽车营地都有洗手间,方便得很。型仔驾车,出发啦!"说今晚住的地方没有任何商场,于是便途中在Sorell进行了好大一番采购。(有点明白)”买来的食品堆满了车上的冰箱——以肉为主,还有果汁和牛奶,那可是比矿泉水还便宜的。“ 往Pt Arthur的路上经过Eaglehawk Neck,原计划明天在这里潜两瓶气看海龙和海狮,于是顺路到潜店里了解了一下。经过对价格及水温、无潜导等各种因素的考虑,确定放弃潜水的计划。(有点明白)”。四个潜水发烧友非常郁闷,我却在一旁窃喜:不用担心他们的安全了——欺山莫欺水啊!留到东南亚潜个够路上风景。傍晚七半点左右便到了预订的Kevin Cottage,车就停在河边(后来发现原来这里应该算海)。在Hotel,Motel,Inn,B&B,Cottage各种名字的住处选择间,我通常偏好Cottage,因为Cottage通常意味着数量极少的民宅. 并通常隐藏在乡下郊外,而向日葵色板官方订的这家也如是.整片区域只有7-8间房子.老板Denis拥有其中四间,一间自住,另外三间分别叫The Classic Cottage,Kevin Cottage, 和The Old Ockwood. 169刀可以在如此安静优美的环境下住五个人,向日葵色板官方毫无疑问地定下。Denis(店老板):‘Welcome,但我下班了,要不明早再来给我钱吧,钥匙已经在门上了。’(有点明白)”。向日葵色板官方今晚住的房子,靠山面海,鲜花环绕。温馨的客房,简单整洁。 美女大厨:时间不早了,快做我们的年夜饭吧油焖大虾——嘻嘻哈哈!烧生蚝伴羊排——好事相伴。 蒜蓉煎焗牛排——牛气冲天。白灼西蓝花——花开福贵!玉米马铃薯羊骨培根汤——盆满钵满!开饭啰!好一桌丰盛的年夜饭。举杯祝福遥远家乡里的亲人——新年快乐,如意吉祥!第三天 阳光灿烂的亚瑟港,果园的车厘子。“塔斯马尼亚官方旅游图,红色的是向日葵色板官方途经的路线,黄点是每天的营地位置。(有点明白)”大年初一,先来一碗广式早餐。澳洲凡是大型超市都有李锦记的调味料和广东的米粉面条。再在空气超好的小阳台上叹一杯咖啡,惬意!(
语言不通走暹逻 泰国南北独自行 ——让你感同身受的图文游记 对于向日葵色板官方这些第一次踏出国门的土人们来说,泰国是个熟悉而又陌生的国度……当我带着在国内旅行养成的与形形色色宰客斗智斗勇万事戒备的惯性前往,更让我等看到反差巨大而感悟良多。 曼谷的喧闹与华丽,清迈的宁静与质朴,苏可泰的恢弘与震撼,阿育塔雅的辉煌与没落,涛岛的原生与狂放,这一切构成了一个异乡人眼中的泰国,五彩缤纷而又回味无穷,这就是泰国的魅力,包容而又含蓄的耐人寻味。 ——深圳磨房:我行我诉序言天上掉馅饼网站助我游泰国 喜欢旅游,走过了国内许多的名山大川之后,虽然偶尔也曾浮现出希望出国看看异国风情的念头,但跟团游不是我喜欢的,自助游?想一想兜里的银子,和我那听不懂、看不明白又说不了的英语,一想起来就望而生畏。 于是安慰自己,国内有这么多地方可去,一个中国相当于一个欧洲,走遍全国在国外也相当于走过了好多国家。出国,先算了吧。 可今年年初,不经意间获得了一个去泰国旅游的机会。 那是年初新浪旅游论坛——乐途旅游网例行的年初大评奖,五花八门的项目大多与我无干,可是乐途网和艺龙旅行网联合举办的2007年《难忘之旅》的征文却让我动心,刚好07年9-10月我和哥哥一起自助游完了川藏线,回来后写了一篇长篇游记《兄弟偕行走川藏》(https//bbs.8264.com/thread-83145-1-3.html)发到了乐途旅游论坛,于是抱着重在参与的态度报名参加评选,没想到天上掉下个大馅饼,正好砸到了我的头上——蒙乐途网诸位评委错爱,我成为两位特等奖幸运获奖者之一,奖品是:由艺龙旅行网提供的——北京至曼谷的往返机票和曼谷皇宫饭店的三天住宿。 机会难得,上天提供我出国旅游的机会,我不能再错失良机,一定要利用这次机会,好好游览一下这个美丽国家,圆我一个出国旅游梦。感谢乐途网和艺龙网,让我的出国之梦提前变为现实。[ ] 因为一直没有出过国,也一直没有去泰国旅游的打算,所以对泰国了解并不多。但在耳濡目染之间,我还是隐约知道:泰国是一个佛教国家,是一个千佛之国,是一个充满热带风情的地方,那里常年花木繁茂,弥漫着花香,那里人人以礼相待,是一个古迹众多的文明古国。我还知道,在泰国的南部,有许多美丽的海岛,那里晴空碧海,更有美丽的海底世界,是旅游度假的胜地。不过我的了解也仅仅如此而已。 在出国之前,我觉得必须对泰国的历史和地理有进一步的了解。因为在我读中学的那个时代正是文化大革命期间,后来虽然复课闹革命,但恰恰我最有兴趣的历史和地理课没有恢复,所以我的知识结构中,最缺乏的就是这两方面的知识。每次旅游前我都不得不想办法先恶补一气。 找到一张泰国地图,我有一个惊奇的发现。向日葵色板官方都知道:大象是泰国的国宝,大象在泰国的历史文化中占有重要地位,它们不但是战场上的坐骑、建筑工程的好帮手,白象更是泰国人崇敬的吉祥之物,是“王”的象征。泰国人喜爱大象胜过向日葵色板官方喜爱熊猫。从地图上看,这个崇尚大象的国度的国土形状恰恰就像一头卡通大象,这真是奇妙的造化。 摊开泰国的地图,将角度顺时针倾斜45度左右:你就会看到这头大象清晰的身影:高耸的额头,硕大的蒲扇一样的大耳朵,长长的伸进马来半岛的长鼻子,鼻子下张开的大嘴和短小粗壮的前后腿,如此形神俱备,如此惟妙惟肖,真是令人叹为观止。 泰国地图[ ] 网上这样介绍泰国的历史: 泰国目前的地方,几千年前即有人居住,但并不是现在的泰族。据一般的了解,泰族是发源于中国的南部,而于公元第十一与十二世纪才移居到目前的泰国。考古学家在泰国东北部的曼清发现许多古老的遗迹,证明泰国的文化起源于大约五千年前的青铜文化期。史前正确的资料至目前仍然不明,因为泰国的风俗和残存的文化一直在变动,而且很少记载下来,尤其在第十八世纪,由于受到外族的侵略而损毁了不少早期的文物。 公元第十三世纪末,泰国史上的第一位最英明的国王--盂莱大帝,就在目前泰国北部的清莱与清迈一带建立了一个繁荣的社会,当时所兴建的庙宇显示受到佛教很大的影响。一般而言,泰国除了受到印度佛教的影响外,盂族、高棉族对泰国的影响也不小。 泰国最大的民族是泰族,这些住在北部的民族,早期已能够自给自足,但他们的军事力量都相当薄弱,在公元十三世纪初,终被邻国吴哥王朝的高棉族所征服,不过,高棉人这段入侵的时间并不长,泰族在1238年打了一次胜仗,从高棉人手中夺回了素可泰城,并建立起泰国历史上的第一个王朝,定都素可泰。 素可泰在巴利文里的意思是“幸福的黎明”。当时,泰国还没有统一的文字,因此用“素可泰” 作为第一个王朝的年号,以表明新时期的开始。 素可泰王朝的君主为兰甘杏大帝,他被泰国人尊称为“泰国之父”。其最大的贡献,是将国内通行的真腊(即高棉)文字,改创成泰国自己的文字。约在1283年,泰文开始在全国流行。 兰甘杏大帝受人尊重的另一原因,是他团结各族,以平等方式对待泰族以外的少数民族如高棉人、马来人和华人。他本身亦崇尚佛教,并派信徒到锡兰(今斯里兰卡)学习佛经,让他们回国后宣扬小乘佛教教义。 素可泰王朝建立后,国泰民安,其势力开始向湄南河盆地流域扩展。到公元十四世纪初期,素可泰王朝的势力,已经影响整个马来半岛和老挝(即僚国)一带。 兰甘杏去世后,强盛一时的王朝逐渐衰弱下去。此时,泰团东部的一股泰族势力,正在日益,很快蔓延到中部地区。1347年,一名太守的女婿拉玛铁菩堤,结集兵力在湄南河和巴塞河汇合的地方,建立了一座新城,取名阿育塔雅(华人称之为大城),并立号为王,这就是后来的大城王朝。 拉玛铁菩堤称王后,立即展开外交和军事攻势,有意占领整个湄南河流域,包括北部的素可泰王朝。他的精明思想和治国才能,为大城王朝的基业奠定了基础,且取代了素可泰王朝的地位。 大城王朝维持了四百多年,经历了三十三位君主。十五世纪末,绕非洲好望角至东方之航线开辟后,欧洲人开始前往泰国通商。首先到来的是葡萄牙人,他们占领了马六甲一带后,于1512年抵达大城。从此,荷兰人、英国人和法国人亦相继而来,企图在泰国这块富饶土地上获得利益。 此外,泰国与邻国缅甸在这一时期经常发生冲突,持续了一段很长时间。 1767年,缅军再次攻人大城,城内的王宫、佛寺、民房和艺术宝藏均被摧毁。一时昔日辉煌的殿阁,只存残垣断壁,如今荒草遍地,谨供游人凭吊而已。 大城王朝的京城在1767年陷落后,缅军仍留下士兵驻守,以镇压泰国人的反抗。但在泰国东南沿海一带,却崛起了一支抗缅部队,这支部队的主将原是大城王朝的将领郑信(在中国史书称郑昭)。郑信是华人后裔,其父郑镛原籍广东澄海,由于家贫才往泰国谋生,并与一泰族女子结婚,于 1734年诞下郑信。 郑信在大城被侵当日,率领随从逃出大城,于泰国东南的罗勇府建立基地,组织力量,半年后部队分乘战船,沿湄南河而上,首先攻破了西岸吞武里,继而乘胜追击,到大城与缅军展开血战,最后终于收复了沦陷的大城。 郑信进城,目睹昔日首都大城只留下一片焦土,故决定迁都湄南河西岸的吞武里,建立起泰国的第三个王朝--吞武里王朝,并削减了据地称雄的其他势力,收复失地,统一了泰国。 然而,宫廷内部的争权夺利,很快又再次出现。郑信在执政后期传说因妃嫔争宠而精神错乱,并于1782年在一次倒戈事件中被杀。另一说称郑信被乱党困于宫中,后死在囚中,时为四十八岁。吞武里王朝就此覆灭,为时只有十五年。 后人为纪念郑王的丰功伟绩,特在吞武里区域内建立郑王庙,并在大罗斗圈广场中央为郑信塑造了一座纪念碑,碑上耸立着郑信的骑马戎装铜像,策马挥剑,英武之极。每年12月28日即郑王加冕之日,循例在铜像地区举行郑王朝祭大典,并封锁附近公路,举行两昼夜的文娱活动。 郑信的王朝被推翻后,其手下部将昭披耶节基登上了王位,他就是拉玛一世王(拉玛是取自泰族民间传说的一位英雄人物),也就是目前泰国的王朝,即当今皇上蒲美蓬大帝(拉玛九世王)之先祖。 由于地方太小,加上国防上的理由,拉玛一世王把国都从西岸的吞武里移到了湄南河东岸,于是曼谷就成了泰国史上的第四个国都。至此泰国开始得到安定,曼谷王朝或称节基王朝或拉玛王朝至今已逾二百多年,而国都仍然是曼谷。 拉玛二世王,1809年登基,在位十五年,曾遣使赴北京二次,时为清朝道光及嘉庆年间。 拉玛三世王(在位公元1824至1851年)开始又对西洋各国开放,甚至当时美国也派了首任官员出使泰国,接著美国的传教士也来了,他们同时也带来了印刷术,经过改良后使泰国开始有了泰文的印刷,另西欧医学、造船学也传入了泰国。 拉玛四世王蒙库是节基王朝的英明国王之一,是泰国历史上第一位接受西方学术思想的国君,精佛学,重科学,知识广博。他通晓许多语言。如拉丁文、英文等。他是第一个准许平民亲近的国王。为了抵抗西方国家的侵略,他与邻国化干戈为玉帛,又与西方国家建立了外交关系。他曾写信给美国南北战争时期的林肯总统,声明以物质支援他(电影《安娜与国王》里面的国王就是这位拉玛四世国王)。 王位传到拉玛五世王,也就是泰国史上最著名的朱拉隆功大帝,他从事大力的改革和积极的建设。他废除了奴隶制度,兴建学校、博物馆、国立图书馆,并在国内修建了第一条铁路,发展道路系统,创办邮电局和其他现代化设施。历史学家称他执政的时期为“维新时代”,实际上可说这是泰国现代化的开端。他是引导泰国现代化的英明国王,在位直到公元1910年。 朱拉隆功于1910年逝世,后人为纪念他的功绩,在曼谷国会大厦前的广场摆放他的铜像。每年 10月 23日他的祭辰之日,此广场都有纪念活动举行。 朱拉隆功去世之后,英、法便在泰国各自划分势力范围。 由于拉玛六世王曾在英国剑桥求学,同时也曾服役于英军,所以第一次世界大战时,泰国就派兵到法国支援同盟国。大战结束后,泰国也就加人了国际联盟。 第一次大战以前,泰国人是只有名字而没有姓氏的。大战后拉玛六世王就宣布每个人可有姓,因为时间不长,所以至今泰国人虽然有姓但很少用,而通常只叫名字。 随著世界民主潮流之推进,皇族的权力渐渐被宪法所限制,拉玛七位王执政后,结束了长达七百多年的君主专制,于1932年12月10日开始实行君主立宪,颁布宪法,于是泰国成了君主立宪的国家。由国会组织政府处理国家事务,一直至今。 第二次世界大战期间,1940年泰国为了保持国土的完整,与日本订友好条约,次年日本军队进入泰国。泰国军民感到对日本抵抗并非上策,遂加入了轴心国。 战争结束后,虽然轴心国(日本、德国等)失败,但泰国乃因“非原始发战国且没有出兵”而仍被邀加入了联合国,目前泰国国内驻有联合国的分支机构。 拉玛八世王,是五世王王子公摩銮宋卡王子之长公子。1934年继承王位,时因第二次世界大战起,随王太后驻跸瑞士,1945年回泰准备举行登基大典。不幸于翌年6月9日中枪驾崩,在位12年。 当今王上拉玛九世王,1927年12月5日在美国麻省康毕城蒙奥本医院诞生,爵称蒲密蓬·阿伦耶勒亲王。 1934年,拉玛七世王驻跸伦敦宣怖逊位,因无所出,宫庭按谱立嗣君,奏请王兄继承大统,号称颂绿巴拉民他拉玛哈南他玛希隆陛下,简称拉玛八世王。1935年,当今王上以王上御弟身份加封蒲密蓬·阿伦耶勒王弟。 1946年6月9日,拉玛八世王突告驾崩,当今王上以先王无嗣,按王族继承法规定宣布登基继承大统,号称拍昭裕华蒲密蓬·阿伦耶勒陛下,简称拉玛九世王。 溯自1946年,王上秉政以来,爱国爱民之圣怀,为国为民之圣务包罗万象,几乎日无稍懈,宣慰四方,视察民瘼,垂询当地官府军警详情,赐问各地民教卫生情况及生活实况。 节基王朝第九世王蒲密蓬·阿伦耶勒陛下于1946年6月9日登基以来,至今已六十余年,他是泰国有史以来在位时间最长的一位盛世明君。几十年来,王上以他超人的智慧,不屈不饶的毅力,为泰国的民主自由和繁荣进步建立了不朽的功绩。 王上以坚定的决心,高度的热诚和德泽广被的亲和力,把全国经济地位不同、宗教信仰不同、种族背景不同的各民族人民团结成一体,朝向经济和社会建设的总目。 2007年12月5日是王上80圣诞之日,泰国全体臣民都以欢欣鼓舞的心情,热烈举行盛况空前的崇庆活勤,以颂扬王上爱民若赤、圣泽广被和伟大仁政,表达全国万民感戴王恩浩荡的赤诚。 [ ] 在网上众多驴友的游记中,我看到了更多的真实的泰国:现代与传统并存的东南亚大都市曼谷,庙宇林立、幽静古朴的“泰北玫瑰”清迈,古迹密布,撼人心魄的素可泰和大城,以死亡铁路和桂河大桥闻名于世的北碧府,还有如珍珠一样散布于太平洋和印度洋上的景色秀丽、风光迷人的潜水休假胜地苏梅岛、涛岛、普吉岛、皮皮岛等等…… 看过了关于泰国的历史介绍,又看了许多驴友的泰国游记,我对泰国越发产生了浓厚的兴趣,恨不得马上出发去拜访这个充满鲜花、微笑、历史古迹和佛像及寺庙的国度。 3月26日,接到了艺龙网和乐途网的获奖通知。经过与艺龙网的冯小姐反复沟通,我定下来5月11日和5月25日的泰航往返机票及5月11-13日在曼谷的住宿,其它时间由我自行安排在泰国北部和南部的自助游。从那时起,我就开始在网上搜集有关资料,做出行准备。 想到语言不通的我要在泰国生活和旅行十几天,一切都要自己操劳,想起来头就有些大。 本来省事的办法是找一个旅行社,跟着走就是,凡事有人操心,可我实在不希望我的第一次出国游变成这个样子。还有一个办法是找个英语精通的游伴,可以省心,又可以分担住宿和乘车费用,可一来时间合适、性格投缘的伙伴不好找,二来,我希望的旅游方式(徒步、骑车等)不是一般人能与我共享的,想来想去,还是一个人方便。 仔细想想,一个人旅行也没啥了不起,多年的旅行经历给我一个最深刻的印象就是,许多事情远不像想象的那样复杂和艰难,只要去操作,总会车到山前必有路。 语言虽然不通,但我三十年前读大学时也多少学了一点哑巴英语(对付看,不会说,不能听),后来读研究生也突击过一阵,虽然几十年过去,都扔到了爪哇国,可泰国离爪哇国不远,这次去那里走走,能捡回一星半点也说不定。 当然,为了避免无法沟通陷于困境,我买了一本《出行不求人》的中英文会话小册子,进行突击培训。后来,我无意中发现家里有一个《译博士》电子辞典,是十多年前老岳父送给读中学的女儿的礼品,可她一次没用过,正好为我所用。 其实,换个角度思考,语言不通也不是一无是处,它会让你静下心来,更仔细地用眼去观察,更细致地用心去感受。那会是一种更独特的体验。 感谢 Google Earth,让我在出行之前就在计算机上看到了我要住宿的饭店、行走的街道,参观的古迹等等。 感谢发达的现代网络,网络上朋友们的大量游记和图片让我对将去的地方有了很深刻的感性认识,并提前获得了要去城市的各种旅游地图。 通过网上查询,我甚至知道了素可泰老城的63处遗址中只有十几处遗址比较重要,值得关注,并确定了它们的具体位置;知道了在大城遗址中那尊最重要的树包佛就在Wat Mahathat入口处右面的古树下,不注意就可能忽略;知道了在大城府和素可泰可以买到很便宜的水果,知道了泰国的火车、汽车和轮渡的时刻表,了解了各种车船联运和住宿的行情及最低价格。 这一切,使我能很容易提前安排自己的旅程。 在网上,我还找到了一个教泰文的网站,跟着学会了要去的几个泰国旅游城市的泰文发音,学会了一些最基本的泰文会话,并有可能把一些最重要的会话用泰文打印下来,在我的泰国之行中发挥了重要作用。 在此基础上,我制定了自己此次泰国旅行的详细计划。 长时间提前准备攻略有个极大的好处,就是可以随时补充材料,修改行程。 经过反复研究修改,最终我确定了如下行程,实际上基本按其执行:日期 日 程5月10日:早715火车到北京、白天逛北京,晚上住机场附近5月11日:820飞机,1215到达曼谷; 下午:曼谷繁华商贸区徒步,塔楼、世贸(四面佛)、沿拉玛一世路到MBK中心,沿帕亚泰路南下,到地铁“山燕站”(Sam Yan),穿过小巷,到苏拉汪路,走到江边,南下席蓬路,返回到帕蓬区,晚上在帕蓬区消遣。5月12日:徒步去考山路,法政大学、参观大王宫、玉佛寺、卧佛寺、黎明寺等; 然后去唐人街和华兰蓬火车站买去清迈车票5月13日:桂河大桥一日游5月14日:大城一日游,晚上乘坐1920火车去清迈5月15日:清迈:素贴山一日游; 下午租自行车:博物馆,城区、晚上:夜市5月16日:继续骑车环游清迈城,拜访寺庙和民居5月17日:早车去素可泰,素可泰新城半日游 5月18日:素可泰老城一日游5月19日:早车回曼谷,晚上去苏梅岛5月20日:到达苏梅岛、摩托车环游苏梅岛5月21日:继续摩托车环岛游、1030去涛岛,涛岛半日游5月22日:涛岛一日浮潜;定回曼谷联票5月23日:涛岛半日;下午涛岛经春蓬回曼谷5月24日:国家博物馆,考山路,胜利纪念碑,机场,25日035飞机5月25日:650到北京,中午火车,晚上到沈阳 [ ] 行程确定之后,随着出行日期的临近,我还做了一些出国旅游所必需的其他准备: 1.护照、证、银联卡(虽然是第一次出国,我还是没提前换外汇。一方面,在国内换泰铢非常不方便,只能先换美元或港元,到国外再二次换汇,我嫌麻烦,网上介绍银联卡在泰国的ATM上到处可以提款和刷卡消费,汇率也很优惠,于是就直接带了招行的一卡通出国了,为防万一,还另外带了一张沈阳盛京银行的玫瑰卡); 2、相机、录音笔、小电脑(出行前,妻子给我配了一个微型的E-PC电脑,重量不到一公斤,功能却很齐全,可以看图片、写文章、听音乐,还可以无线上网,非常方便,这正是我企盼已久的东西。出发前,我把所有收集到的资料、攻略、地图、驴友们的游记等等,除打印部分外,其余的统统拷贝到我的小电脑里,随时查阅,十分方便。) 3、出发前,买了一双新凉鞋,因为在泰国,人们通常穿拖鞋,可我一来不习惯,二来如果穿拖鞋,原来的鞋还得背着,所以穿一双凉鞋,一举两得。但对于我这样喜欢徒步的人来说,穿新鞋出来其实有点风险,因为新鞋没经过磨合,不可能完全和脚,很容易产生问。不过我这双鞋还好,可以调节松紧,所以没产生什么大问。 4、此外还带了一个指南针和一个小望远镜,前者帮助我在陌生的地方确定方位,发挥了很大作用。后者则偶尔登高望远时使用。其他如换洗衣服和洗漱用具等,不一而足。总之,此次所带东西尽量精简,轻装上阵,反正只有半个月,需要的东西在泰国也可以及时补充。 全部东西整理好以后,连我那40升的小背包都没装满。 记起有位叫做Tony Wheeler的人说过:“如果你决定要出发,那么旅行中最困难的部分已经结束,那么,上路吧。” 于是,5月9日晚8点,我背着我那个40L的小背囊上路了。我要坐晚上925的54次快车,从沈阳先去北京。本来11日早8点的飞机,我完全可以明天白天去北京,可反正周末没什么事情,早点去看看奥运前的北京也不错。 [ ]5月10日 北京一日 首都改造迎奥运 我喜欢坐火车旅行,去北京已经无数次,可路边的景色还是百看不厌。 7点半火车正点到达北京,为迎接奥运,北京火车站正在整容。 站前广场有警车正在待命,随时准备应付突发情况。 下车以后也没有确定的目,顺着崇文门西街的胡同钻过去,准备去看看大栅栏。 大栅栏前面这一大片平房区马上就要拆迁,大栅栏也正在改造,搞的乌烟瘴气。不过看他们在改造区围墙上画出的规划图,改造完以后会相当漂亮。 每次到北京,我喜欢在北京的胡同里乱串。不过有味道的胡同越来越少。 希望这次前门地区改造后,能给向日葵色板官方提供一些有味道的地方。 从大栅栏的老街瑞蚨祥、荣宝斋门前一路走过去,到处在挖沟改造,大栅栏已经面目全非,只好下次再看。 大栅栏没什么可看,只好折向和平门,从全聚德烤鸭店向北,本来想去西单转转,可新建的中国歌剧院的大圆蛋在清晨明媚的阳光下豁然入目,吸引了我的眼球。那就过去看看吧,转过去,大会堂的后面已经搬迁一空,新歌剧院豪华气派,四周被水团团围住,看了半天没发现入口在哪里。后来才发现,原来要从地下进入歌剧院。 看过歌剧院,眼前来到了天安门,这里已经是人山人海。人满为患。许多旅游团挤在这里。一向不喜欢人多的地方,连忙进入天安门,在午门前右拐,转向角楼,过南池子大街,去王府井。 经过多年的改造,王府井已经旧貌换新颜,可还在进一步改造。也许是折腾得时间太长,已经伤了元气,繁华的商业街不再繁华,原来人来人往、熙熙攘攘的大街,现在竟然相当的萧条冷落。 几个街头雕塑倒是很有韵味,惹的游人纷纷与之合影。 王府井百货大楼今非昔比,更加气派,可门前却顾客寥寥,风光不再。 改造也有好的一面,如同哈尔滨的索非亚大教堂重见天日一样,过去掩藏在王府井楼群后面的一座东正教堂也露出了本来面目。有几对年轻人正在这里举办婚礼。 回到崇文门,在老字号的崇文门菜市场花17元买了一个烧鸡,又买了一斤筋饼作为今天的干粮。 吃了一点饼,看看市里再没什么地方想看,于是回到车站,到640路的始发站坐车去机场。据说市内到机场的地铁已经完工,马上就要运行,到那时候再去坐飞机就简单多了。 汽车中途路过了中央电视台的新工地,看到了正在建造中的被称为大裤衩的电视台新楼。 本来去首都机场的老航站楼应当在天竺镇下车,可我要去新建的第三航站楼,车上的人说去新航站楼在岗村下车更近,所以又往前坐了两站。 下车,在当街的小店买了一瓶冰镇啤酒,一面就着烧鸡喝啤酒消暑,一面欣赏着外面的风景。岗村已经和天竺镇连成一片,这里已经成为民航的宿舍区,许多空姐下了班正准备回家。 吃饱喝足,逛逛悠悠来到一公里外的航站楼。 新建的航站楼很漂亮,周边的环境更漂亮。 我已经从网上查到:从三月份开始,泰航的飞机开始在新的第三航站楼起落。 大厅里有具有中国特色的浑天仪。 我找到泰航的柜台,向值班小姐咨询了有关情况。得到的信息是,今天什么事情也办不了,一切都明天早上再说。 视察了一圈儿,回到镇里,找住宿的地方。 先是在天竺镇转圈,这里宾馆不少,可是价位奇高,都是漫天要价,几个快捷酒店也是如此,从186-686不等,真是莫名其妙。简直宰死人不偿命。 咱们穷驴出游从来都是住10元20元的小店,什么时候花过这个冤枉钱, 继续往前走,我就不信找不到一个便宜的地方。 穿过了天竺镇,来到天竺村,村中心有一个宾馆,看来也不是便宜的地方,继续往前,看到一家住户大门口挂着“房屋出租”的牌子,心想,既然有房子出租,住宿或许有戏。 走进院去,院里住了许多外地人,打听到房子主人的居室,房主是一个残疾人,问他,可不可以在这里住一宿,他很爽快地答应了。问:多少钱?答:20元。 20元,这才是咱这徒步老驴可以接受的价位。我没再还价。 他起身带我来到院里头一间空房里,屋里空空如也,只有一个双层床和一个单人床。 过一会儿,他带着他老婆过来送被褥,跟我说,他老婆嫌要价要低了。 我说,差不多就行了,挣20不是20嘛。 安排好住宿,走出门去,外面是一个小市场,很热闹。虽然没吃晚饭,但不觉得饿,为防万一,买了两个馒头。 到街里的宾馆一打听,果然,最低价166元。该着我省钱买烧鸡。 转了一圈儿,没什么可买,回去睡觉。 5月11日 北京-曼谷 都市里的徒步 早上4点多就醒了,磨蹭一会儿起来,外面,天正下着小雨。 我住的地方距离三号航站楼大约4公里。下雨使我徒步去航站楼的计划大受影响。不过还是先走出去再说。 走到镇里的民航居住区,忽然看到了路边的车站站牌,想起来,对,民航宿舍区不可能没有去航站楼的公交车,果然,一会儿就有车过来,是去2号航站楼的,因为事先知道2、3号航站楼之间有免费摆渡车,所以我就上了车,先去2号航站楼。票价1元。 到站下车,转车,去3号航站楼。 不到6点钟,就顺利到达了三号航站楼。 拿护照取电子客票的时候,我对办票的小姐说想要一个靠窗的位置,可一着急,说成了给我一个靠边的位置,意识到可能误解,连忙更正,说要一个靠窗的位置,可能后一句小姐没听清,结果给了我一个37D的座位,我一想,这好像不是靠窗的,问小姐,她说是,于是犹犹豫豫进去办手续。 三号航站楼是两个“Y”字对接到一起的结构,国内进出港在前一个”Y”字部分,出国则需要先乘坐捷运轨道车到另一个“Y”字部分办手续。 本来以为奥运期间的出国手续多么复杂,所以提前2个多小时来到机场,可实际上也很简单,虽然是奥运期间可能稍为严格了一点。 下了轨道车,先进行边检,从来没出过国,没做过边检,以为很复杂,其实很简单,交上护照,我看边检人员在计算机输入护照编号,估计是看看是否属于嫌疑控制对象,看没什么问,于是盖章放行。 边检完事之后是安检,我的包里装满了各式金属器物--三脚架、不锈钢饭盒、相机、小电脑、金属链锁等等,安检人员让打开包简单看了一下,就放行了。我的大金属水果刀也得以蒙混过关。 并不是故意要违反航空管理条例,实在是我去泰国这样一个水果之都太需要一个好的水果刀。事先也做好了心理准备,被查出来就上缴,没想到果然得以蒙混过关。 也许是水果刀偷渡成功得意忘形,匆忙之间,我装着护照、银行卡和小相机等重要物品的腰包竟然忘记拿走,落到了安检处。 走不多远,突然发现腰包不在,连忙回去找。 安检人员对此类丢三落四人员已经司空见惯,核对无误,把腰包交还给我。 就这样,刚刚6点半,一切OK,就等着登机了。离起飞还有2个小时,这下子消停了,慢慢等吧。 新航站楼候机室的条件不错,里面有免税店,虽然比我后来在曼谷机场看到的小多了。 还有一些中国特色的室内装饰。 机场坐椅下面有电源插座,可以充电和使用笔记本电脑,也可以无线上网,不过要收费。没搞懂怎么交费。 等到8点正,开始上飞机,果然37D是一个靠边的位置,而不是靠窗的位置,想一想,5个小时的航程,还是得找个靠窗位置,找到泰航的乘务长,让她帮忙调换一下,她查看一下登记表,44K没人,于是在登机牌上给我改过来,终于可以靠窗欣赏风景了。 我的第一次出国旅行生活开始了! 泰航乘务组不仅有美丽的空中小姐(空姐),还有漂亮的空中先生(空少,空中少爷)。 起飞前,空姐和空少给每个旅客发了一付耳机,插入座位把手上的耳机插孔中就可以收听飞机广播。因为除了开始时教大家如何系安全带和使用救生衣和氧气面罩等例行功课外,其它时间大屏幕上播放节目时机舱内的喇叭是没有声音的,旅客可以根据自己是否感兴趣用耳机选择收听。扶手上有两个旋钮,其中一个是音量控制旋钮,另一个多档位旋钮,根据我的判断,在当初设计时,是不同档位可以选择不同国家的语言或不同的节目,但实际上飞机上播放的都是英语。 我认为泰航的机前培训设计的较好,在大屏幕显示期间,喇叭中的播音员用准音分别用汉语、英语和泰语各说一遍,又清晰又明白。而我们国内的许多航班是乘务员一边示范一边哇啦哇啦乱喊一气,什么都听不清楚。这方面显得实在是太落后了。 飞机起飞时,外面还在下雨,不过很快飞机就飞上了万米高空,把下雨的云彩压到了脚下。 空中一片云海,不是很美丽,差强人意。 飞机平稳后,空中小姐和空中先生就开始忙碌起来,他们不停地工作,笑容可掬。 9点半,开始发飞机餐,泰国风味,量不是很大,样不少,还可以。 餐后又有饮料,果汁、咖啡、热茶、冰水等,随便选择。没吃饱的旅客还可以要小面包。 饭后不久,小姐们开始发放出入境登记卡,上面全是英文,许多语言不通的人对此很挠头,不知道许多项目是什么意思。不过本人对此早有准备,早就从网上下载了准样式,提前填好了,现在只要照猫画虎,填上就OK。 填过出入境卡,先生小姐开始新一轮的饮料发放。 在他们工作间隙,我来到后舱,给漂亮的泰航空姐和空少拍了几张照片,并和他们合影留念。 今天的空中景物很一般,总希望乘飞机时能看到漂亮的云海,但很少如愿。 只有一次,我从北京飞回沈阳,遇到了最美丽的云海,但很遗憾,那一次没带相机。 飞机掠过了一片片山川河流,很遗憾,没准备地图,不知道都飞过了什么地方,后来才知道,前面的大屏幕上面不断显示的就是当时飞过的路径,不过我离的稍远,看不大清楚。 5个小时的飞行也不觉得漫长,飞机从北京起飞后,先后经过了河北,河南、湖北、重庆、贵州、云南,出境后又经过了越南和老挝,最后在泰国上空飞行了将近一个小时,于北京时间1320,曼谷时间1220到达曼谷的素万那普国际机场的上空。 快降落的时候,从空中看,先是万顷良田,然后开始出现城市成片的房舍,美丽的立交桥和高速公路,然后飞机降落。 泰国的这些高速公路,据说都是日本政府帮忙建造的。不过不是免费援建,而是收费项目。据说日本人是按照过往车辆的轮胎个数收费,4个轮子的收4个的钱,8个就收8个的钱……本来公路建成五年之后就已经回收全部成本了,但是日本人却和泰国订了20年的收费合同。[ ] 到了机场,一进机场大厅,先遇到这位门神迎候大家。 这是印度神话传说中的神猴哈奴曼(我没有搞错吧?)。有人说他西游记中的孙悟空的原型之一。 印度有一篇著名的文学作品《罗摩衍那Ramakien》里写了这样一个故事: 婆罗门教三大天王之一的“那罗延天王”的化身罗摩王,有一次带了美丽的悉达王妃到森林里打猎,夜叉国的十颈夜叉王却趁机把王妃抢走,因而引起了一场人魔大战,猴神哈奴曼率兵帮助罗摩王,结果夜叉王大败,美丽的王妃终于被救了回来。 因此,哈奴曼就成为小乘佛教的护法神。后来我看到:在玉佛寺里到处都是神猴哈奴曼的光辉形象。 网上介绍:这个于2006年9月28日开始启用的新机场的建设长达45年,早在1961年就拟定了兴建新机场的计划构想,直到2002年才开始动工修建,用了4年半的时间完成了这项大型建筑工程。整个机场耗资高达40亿美元(约1440亿泰铢),据说是亚洲最大的国际机场。 该机场由德裔美籍著名建筑师杨恩设计,采用华丽的玻璃和钢骨拱门,具有泰国传统建筑特色,具有全球最大的单一机场航站大厦,占地为56.3万平方公尺。该机场总的占地面积为3200公顷,距曼谷市区25公里,有2条高速公路连接,市中心到机场约为35分钟车程(实际上,由于拥挤的曼谷交通,多数情况下需要一个半到两个小时才能到达市内),目前正在兴建一条长度为28.6公里的高速铁路直达新机场。机场共有120个停机坪,每小时可起降76架航班,其中有5个停机坪可容纳最新的空中巴士A380飞机。在新机场运营的航空公司将达到100家左右。 在曼谷机场,出境更简单,在出境处交上了入境单和护照,边检先生把出境单订到护照上,盖上戳,放行。 OK, 顺利出境。 出境后来到前厅,看到有许多人在接机。旁边立着许多接人的牌子,其中一块牌子上面写着我的名字,这肯定是接我的,可人呢? 四处看看,没有人关注这个牌子和牌子下的我,我就去大厅里面找ATM取泰铢,悠悠万事,唯此为大。经济社会,没有钱寸步难行。 在大厅的一头,找到了一个ATM,众多志中有一个明显的银联志。 2005年5月13日,中国银联与泰国AT网络运营商PCC公司署了银联卡联网合作协议,从那时起,中国银联卡就可以在泰国贴有银联识的AT机上提现。此举将大大方便中国游客在泰国的旅游和购物。 更为人性化的是,所有适用银联卡的ATM上都有中文选择按键,按下去,就会出现中文界面,真的是太方便了。 在这个ATM上先取了5000泰铢,又顺手将1000泰铢在旁边银行的办事处换成了小票以方便使用。 手里有钱,心里不慌,这下子有底气了。 回到接站牌下面,来接我的小伙子已经在等待。简单确认后,他带我到旁边的椅子上坐下,然后出去找来了一辆出租车,让我上车,告诉司机送到什么地方。 我原以为是酒店来车接我,虽然免费接机是饭店的承诺,但对相关的向日葵视频色板APP官网人员还是应当表示感谢,所以我原准备到饭店后给司机20泰铢小费。现在既然送人的是出租车司机,那么这项费用就省下了。看来这样办理对酒店来说也更有效率,酒店只要派一个人守在这里,就可以专门负责接送各地来的所有客人,接到人后找一个出租车送走即可,高效、方便、成本低廉,而且完全能满足客人的要求。值得效仿。 来曼谷之前一周,我每天都查询曼谷的天气预报,看到这里一直是多云有阵雨的天气,今天仍然如此,这样的天让人感觉很舒服,不太热。在回曼谷的路上,又先后下了两场阵雨,这雨水是不是太勤了点?? 雨来时,雨骤风急,不一会儿,风停雨歇。 虽然从来没有来过曼谷,可在Gooler Earth 上,我已经无数次看过我要入住的酒店及其位置,所以,当出租车穿过高架桥下面的铁路时,我知道,我的酒店到了。 我在曼谷居住的酒店--Bangkok Palace Hotel(皇宫饭店)及其周边 语言不通总有些耽误事。在酒店大厅办理入住手续时,添完单子,身份确认后,向日葵视频色板APP官网生还要收我2000泰铢,我没想明白这是什么钱,又解释不通,就先给了他。 后来我想,可能是押金一类的东西,刚好在大厅里看到了一个中国旅游团,我请导游到前台一问,果然是押金。因为房间有一些收费的饮品之类,饭店还提供一些其他的收费服务,这些都要在退房时一并结算,所以先收了一些押金,可以理解, 到屋里一看,房间不错,服务生告诉我,壁橱里面有两瓶纯净水和一些小包咖啡、袋泡茶等是免费供应的,冰箱里的饮品和其他东西消费后则要付费。 从窗口望出去,一座座高楼霍然入目,从地图上看,我住的皇宫饭店在曼谷中心商业区附近,是曼谷高楼大厦最集中的区域,曼谷最高档的宾馆和购物中心几乎都集中在这个区域。酒店南边1公里外就是以世贸大厦为中心的繁华商业区,酒店东南面几乎集中了曼谷所有的高档宾馆饭店,西边500米外就是尖尖细细,直冲云霄的曼谷最高、据说曾经也是亚洲最高的塔楼--89层的Baiyoke大厦。 在酒店安置妥当,我走出了酒店,面对西面高高的塔楼确定一下方位,向前走到一条主路上,然后一直向着南面的世贸中心方向,开始了我在曼谷的都市漫步。 出外旅游,在一个陌生的城市,我最喜欢进行这种漫步。我觉得,要更深刻地感受和了解一个城市,最好的办法就是用脚步一点点丈量过它的大街小巷。虽然处在一个陌生的地方,语言又不通,但我手里有详尽的地图和指南针,定好了出发前的地,想丢都没那么容易。 跟团游的人们就享受不到这种乐趣。他们到了一个地方,往往东西南北都搞不清,甚至不知道自己是在一个城市的什么位置,中国有些导游为避免麻烦,更是编造谣言,恐吓团员说出去乱逛容易出事,把团员紧紧控制在酒店里,所以许多人来了曼谷,除了几个景点,对其他地方一无所知。 在我出来之前,妹夫给我讲了他们来曼谷的一段遭遇,他和一行人跟团来曼谷,同行的几个人晚上没事出去转街,由于东西南北都搞不清楚,更不知道身处曼谷的什么位置,结果没转多远,就晕头转向,找不到原来的酒店了。打了个出租车在曼谷乱转,四处去问,也不得要领。结果转了大半宿,一直到凌晨三点才找回酒店。这就是想省心跟团游的结果。 向日葵色板官方这些自助背包客绝对不会犯这样低级的错误。 曼谷是一个国际化大都市,僚人家园网站的凌波仙子网友这样介绍曼谷: 曼谷,是个兼具古老气息和现代风情的东方大城,更是个处处充满赞叹的地方。这个城市于1782年所建,是今日泰国政治文化,经济交流的中心,被列为东南亚第二大城市。 曼谷的全称,译为拉丁文有142个字母,译成汉语也有60多个汉字。其意为“伟大的神仙之京城,永恒的绿宝石城,坚不可摧的极乐世界,天帝的皇都,被赠予九块宝石的世界大都会……”,是世界上名字最长的首都。当年,拉玛一世将都城迁至曼谷,用记录佛教经典的巴利文给新首都起了一个长名,将许多美好的称号都加在了这个新首都的名字上,泰国人简称其为“克伦太普”,也就是“天使之城”。 湄南河从绿郁葱葱的泰北山峦逶迤而下,横穿过曼谷,把曼谷分为东西两部分,就像少女腰上的一条曼妙的彩带,给曼谷增添了不少色彩。东部是新城,这里高楼林立,一座座高楼大厦和豪华商场拔地而起,繁华的工商业区,证券交易频繁的施乐姆街,各种跨国公司在此设立分部,而每年在曼谷举行的各种国际会议多达二三百起。然而在洋溢现代化气息的水泥丛林中,曼谷仍然保持着一股东方的神秘气息。湄南河以西是旧城吞武里,那里多是精致的园林,雕工细琢的佛塔,在这里生活的泰国人依旧保持着传统的色彩。 最让人感兴趣的,是曼谷的水上市场。这里的河道多于街道,汽艇和木船比比皆是。据说曼谷新城的修建过程中,许多河道被填土封闭,可想而知,“东方威尼斯”的称号并非徒有虚名。河边的水上人家,满载水果蔬菜的大小船只,在水上形成流动货摊。当船上的农民和小贩向游客兜售商品时,他们会以长竹竿为媒介,将鲜花,水果等递给游客。 令人赞叹的是专供泰国国王和王室成员使用的船只。泰国王室每年都要建造一艘游艇,载王室一家畅游湄南河。船以金箔雕画装饰,非常精致美丽。船首像一只金色天鹅的颈项,嘴里含着一些垂饰,而船尾则像一条大蛇,浮在水面。每年的10月底或11月初月圆之时,装饰得五彩缤纷的王室之舟就会出现,静静地行驰在河中。 在曼谷,观光区可分为王宫边、杜喜区周边、中国城等8个区域,精华在金碧辉煌的皇宫和佛寺建筑。位于曼谷市中心区的大皇宫,由一组布局错落有致的建筑群组成,汇集了绘画、雕刻和装饰艺术的精华,风格独特,闻名遐尔,主要建筑是4座各具特色的宫殿,从东向西一字排开,一色的绿色瓷砖屋脊,紫红色的琉璃瓦屋顶,凤头飞檐。屋顶是典型的泰国“三顶式结构”,集泰国数百年建筑艺术之大成。 曼谷还是有名的“佛庙之都”。全市有佛400多座,到处都可以看到寺庙,香火鼎盛,轻烟缭绕。佛寺建筑精致美观,具有浓厚的东方色彩。最有名的是玉佛寺、卧佛寺等。 漫步在湄南河岸,偶尔会邂逅一两个供着花圈的神龛,或者是替人看相的命相师,泰族妇女摇着载满水莲花的舢板,寺庙里的风铃在沉静的空气中回响着。黄昏的阳光染红了皇宫的金色尖顶,美丽的景致尽在举手投足之间,而这种耐人寻味的感受,也只有亲身体会才知道。 所以说,曼谷之于泰国,正如巴黎之于法国,伦敦之于英国,代表着国家的精神和文化。走一趟曼谷,你会感受到泰国活泼,多变的精神风貌。 这样美丽的景致,如今我正在用自己的脚,自己的眼,自己的心灵,自己的感觉一点点感受,一点点体验。 曼谷是一个大都市,而且是个国际化的大都市。泰国的城市中,只有曼谷的规模、发达程度和文化沉积等综合指数可以称之为大都市,泰国全国有6500万人口,其中曼谷就占了十分之一,有650万人口。 而第二大城市的清迈面积和人口不足曼谷的七分之一,规模和中国的“大城市”--铁岭相当,更不要说其他城市了。 外面天气阴沉,随时可能下雨,我不能不带上雨衣。小雨给我的都市漫步带来了小小的不便,但它却让我在曼谷最炎热的季节感受到难得的舒适的凉爽。 泰国不愧是一个佛教国度,几乎每个稍有规模的建筑面前,都有一个漂亮的佛龛,里面供奉的大多是泰国人认为最灵验的四面佛。 佛龛前不仅有鲜花、香炉,还有许多漂亮的小彩塑偶像侍奉着。 看驴友们拍回来的照片,最喜欢这些形神俱备的陶偶,很多饭店宾馆前面都有,[ ] 历代国王的塑像也和佛像一样被到处供奉。 曼谷的出租车很漂亮,而且因为所属公司不同,颜色也不一样。 虽然天很热,但交通警察全副武装在街上指挥交通。 在泰国,公职人员的尽职尽责为我留下了极深的印象。 虽然是曼谷最繁华的大街之一,但街上并不排斥作小买卖的的人们,也没有任何城管之类来骚扰他们。 街边的小摊在给人们带来生活便利的同时,也给都市增添了一道独特的风景。 曼谷的交通一直为各国旅游者所诟病。道路狭窄,车辆众多,拥挤不堪。 为了改进交通,曼谷建立起了自己的立体交通体系。 主要道路上方,几乎每个交叉路口,都设立了行人过街天桥。 高架轻轨的水泥支架宽大厚重,在给人沉稳可靠的感觉的同时,也把曼谷本来就狭窄的天空分割的更加支离破碎。 街上到处有佛龛神像,也有许多护法神祗,这里有一个大鹏金翅鸟驮一个不知道哪方的神灵,一个妇女来这里虔诚地叩拜。 这就是世贸中心对面小广场上的四面佛(Erawan Shrine)。没有恢宏的庙宇,没有宽大的道场,如果不是仔细注意,许多外来者会错过这个著名的景点。 据说,四面佛非常灵验,还听的懂包括粤语在内的多国语言和方言,许多游人,特别是香港、新加坡等地华人常专程来此膜拜和还愿。 网上介绍说:四面神其实并非佛,而是神,是婆罗门教三大主神之一的大梵天,在婆罗门教众神的传说中,“大梵天”是世界万物的创造者,他原有5个头,后来被婆罗门教里的另一大主神“湿婆”砍去一个,剩下四个头分别朝向东、西、南、北四方。它有四只手,分别拿着吠陀经典、莲花、匙子和念珠。 据说四面佛的四面分别代表慈(仁爱)、悲(悲悯)、喜(吉祥)、舍(施惠),因此进香时要按顺时针方向对四面佛像四面依次膜拜,四面都敬到,否则不灵验。还有一点非常重要,说是拜了四面佛后祈愿成功是要来还愿的,否则佛就要降罪了。 拜四面神通常使用鲜花串、金箔、香烛和木象(象征幸运),或者将麻雀放生,富有者则雇几名少女在神前跳传统的祭神舞,以谢神恩。 因为还有一种说法,说四面佛是大梵天所骑的大象的化身,所以四面佛旁边还有一些木刻的大象,它们也成为人们顶礼膜拜的偶像。 拜佛还愿者请身着民族服装的少女正翩翩起舞,以娱神灵。 高架轻轨车站楼梯漂亮的遮阳篷,很有点悉尼歌剧院的风格。 路边小景 遇到两位水晶晶(泰国对漂亮的小泰妹的称呼),我举起手里的相机,示意要给她们照张像,两位小姐欣然应允。佳丽回眸,嫣然一笑,于是有了这张照片。 大街上的许多小泰妹(不是太妹)感觉确实很漂亮,笑起来尤其好看。她们确实很爱笑。 也许是东南亚湿润的空气格外养人肌肤,加上曼谷大都市的文化涵养,使这些水晶晶显得格外娇媚。虽然东南亚的阳光应当很厉害,可在泰国的十多天里,无论是晴天雨天,我都没看到女孩们打伞遮阳遮雨,但令人惊异的是,都市里大多数女孩们的皮肤不但不黑,反而相当的白皙。 据说,泰国真正的白皮肤美女都集中在北部城市清迈,因为那里的混血很多,女孩子皮肤很白,高高的,而且很温柔。而南部地区是纯种的泰国人,那里的人长得黑瘦矮小,不好看。 ([]
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